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Chen, H.,Jin, C.,Huang, B.,Fontaine, N. K.,Ryf, R.,Shang, K.,Gré,goire, N.,Morency, S.,Essiambre, R.-J.,Li, G.,Messaddeq, Y.,LaRochelle, S. Nature Publishing Group 2016 Nature photonics Vol.10 No.8
Space-division multiplexing (SDM), whereby multiple spatial channels in multimode and multicore optical fibres are used to increase the total transmission capacity per fibre, is being investigated to avert a data capacity crunch and reduce the cost per transmitted bit. With the number of channels employed in SDM transmission experiments continuing to rise, there is a requirement for integrated SDM components that are scalable. Here, we demonstrate a cladding-pumped SDM erbium-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) that consists of six uncoupled multimode erbium-doped cores. Each core supports three spatial modes, which enables the EDFA to amplify a total of 18 spatial channels (six cores × three modes) simultaneously with a single pump diode and a complexity similar to a single-mode EDFA. The amplifier delivers >20 dBm total output power per core and <7 dB noise figure over the C-band. This cladding-pumped EDFA enables combined space-division and wavelength-division multiplexed transmission over multiple multimode fibre spans.
Functional Characterization of Mammary Gland of Holstein Cows under Humid Tropical Summer Climates
Lu, C.H.,Chang, C.J.,Lee, P.N.,Wu, C.P.,Chen, M.T.,Zhao, X. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.7
Physiological parameters were measured on six primiparous, non-pregnant Holstein cows prior to peak lactation over a 3-month summer season in southwestern Taiwan. The objectives were to characterize heat stress-induced change in functionality of mammary gland under natural climates of tropical summer and to establish physiological indices applicable to this environment in referring to this change. Environmental and physiological readings, milk and blood samples were taken at 15:00 h biweekly for totally five time points during the study. Climate readings showed that the afternoon humidex value reached the highest (53.5) around mid summer. Rectal temperature of cows taken simultaneously varied between $38.26^{\circ}C$ and $40.02^{\circ}C$ in parallel to humidex. Milk production declined drastically from 29.2 to 22.2 kg/d the first month entering summer but leveled up at end of the summer season suggesting effects exerted by heat stress rather than stages of lactation. Lactose content decreased linearly (p<0.05) with times in summer, from 4.69 to 4.38%. On the other hand, activity of N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase) in milk increased linearly to over two folds (p<0.05) during the same intervals. Elevations of fractional constituent of BSA in whey protein and serum cortisol level were also noticed in the course. Measurement of arteriovenous concentration (A-V) difference across the mammary gland demonstrated net uptake of glucose and net release of urea throughout the study period. The amount of urea released from mammary gland increased (p<0.05) progressively from 1.54 to 7.76 mg/dl during summer. It is concluded that gradual regression of mammary gland occurred along the humid tropical summer season. This regression is likely initiated through elevation of body temperature, which is irreversible above certain point. The increased release of urea from mammary gland during heat stress suggests its potential role as an early indicator of suboptimal mammary function.
Mammalian Systems Biotechnology Reveals Global Cellular Adaptations in a Recombinant CHO Cell Line
Yusufi, F.N.K.,Lakshmanan, M.,Ho, Y.S.,Loo, B.L.W.,Ariyaratne, P.,Yang, Y.,Ng, S.K.,Tan, T.R.M.,Yeo, H.C.,Lim, H.L.,Ng, S.W.,Hiu, A.P.,Chow, C.P.,Wan, C.,Chen, S.,Teo, G.,Song, G.,Chin, J.X.,Ruan, X. Cell Press 2017 Cell systems Vol.4 No.5
Effective development of host cells for therapeutic protein production is hampered by the poor characterization of cellular transfection. Here, we employed a multi-omics-based systems biotechnology approach to elucidate the genotypic and phenotypic differences between a wild-type and recombinant antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. At the genomic level, we observed extensive rearrangements in specific targeted loci linked to transgene integration sites. Transcriptional re-wiring of DNA damage repair and cellular metabolism in the antibody producer, via changes in gene copy numbers, was also detected. Subsequent integration of transcriptomic data with a genome-scale metabolic model showed a substantial increase in energy metabolism in the antibody producer. Metabolomics, lipidomics, and glycomics analyses revealed an elevation in long-chain lipid species, potentially associated with protein transport and secretion requirements, and a surprising stability of N-glycosylation profiles between both cell lines. Overall, the proposed knowledge-based systems biotechnology framework can further accelerate mammalian cell-line engineering in a targeted manner.
SOFT RECOVERY CHARACTERISTICS OF POWER DIODE BY PROTON IRRADIATION
Zhang Changli,Chen Zhiming,J.M.Park,W.G.Min,S.C.Kim,N.K.Kim,E.D.Kim 전력전자학회 1998 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-
The soft reverse recovery characteristics of P-I-N power diodes by different lifetime killer were compared in this paper. It was concluded that the best local lifetime control at N" base was achieved through the optimization of penetrated depth into the wafer by 5 MeV proton irradiation, resulting in significant soft recovery performance in our study. The results of 5~12 MeV electron irradiation and platinum diffusion were also discussed here.<br/>
Postoperative Low-Dose Tranexamic Acid After Major Spine Surgery: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Lauren K. Dunn,Ching-Jen Chen,Davis G. Taylor,Kamilla Esfahani,Brian Brenner,Charles Luo,Thomas J. Buell,Sarah N. Spangler,Avery L. Buchholz,Justin S. Smith,Christopher I. Shaffrey,Edward C. Nemergut 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4
Objective: This was a retrospective, cohort study investigating the efficacy and safety of continuous low-dose postoperative tranexamic acid (PTXA) on drain output and transfusion requirements following adult spinal deformity surgery. Methods: One hundred forty-seven patients undergoing posterior instrumented thoracolumbar fusion of ≥3 vertebral levels at a single institution who received low-dose PTXA infusion (0.5–1 mg/kg/hr) for 24 hours were compared to 292 control patients who did not receive PTXA. The cohorts were propensity matched based on age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status classification, body mass index, number of surgical levels, revision surgery, operative duration, and total intraoperative TXA dose (n=106 in each group). Primary outcome was 72-hour postoperative drain output. Secondary outcomes were number of allogeneic blood transfusions. Results: There was no significant difference in postoperative drain output in the PTXA group compared to control (660±420 mL vs. 710±490 mL, p=0.46). The PTXA group received significantly more crystalloid (6,100±3,100 mL vs. 4,600±2,400 mL, p<0.001) and red blood cell transfusions postoperatively (median [interquartile range]: 1 [0–2] units vs. 0 [0–1] units; incidence rate ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.6 [1.2–2.2]; p=0.001). Rates of adverse events were comparable between groups. Conclusion: Continuous low-dose PTXA infusion was not associated with reduced drain output after spinal deformity surgery. No difference in thromboembolic incidence was observed. A prospective dose escalation study is warranted to investigate the efficacy of higher dose PTXA.
THE TAOS PROJECT: RESULTS FROM SEVEN YEARS OF SURVEY DATA
Zhang, Z.-W.,Lehner, M. J.,Wang, J.-H.,Wen, C.-Y.,Wang, S.-Y.,King, S.-K.,Granados, Á,. P.,Alcock, C.,Axelrod, T.,Bianco, F. B.,Byun, Y.-I.,Chen, W. P.,Coehlo, N. K.,Cook, K. H.,de Pater, I.,Kim American Institute of Physics 2013 The Astronomical journal Vol.146 No.1
<P>The Taiwanese-American Occultation Survey (TAOS) aims to detect serendipitous occultations of stars by small (~1 km diameter) objects in the Kuiper Belt and beyond. Such events are very rare (<10<SUP>–3</SUP> events per star per year) and short in duration (~200 ms), so many stars must be monitored at a high readout cadence. TAOS monitors typically ~500 stars simultaneously at a 5 Hz readout cadence with four telescopes located at Lulin Observatory in central Taiwan. In this paper, we report the results of the search for small Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) in seven years of data. No occultation events were found, resulting in a 95% c.l. upper limit on the slope of the faint end of the KBO size distribution of q = 3.34-3.82, depending on the surface density at the break in the size distribution at a diameter of about 90 km.</P>
Porous Al2O3 catalyst carrier by 3D additive manufacturing for syngas reforming
N.C. Fan,Y.Y. Chen,K.Y. Chen,W.C.J. Wei,B. H. Liu,A.B. Wang,R. C. Luo 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.9
A disk-shaped ceramic catalyst made by 3D printing (3DP) is used to reform syngas. We select two Al2O3 powders (α- andhigh-surface-area θ-Al2O3) and polymeric binders for preparing the 3DP feedstock. Catalyst stacked Al2O3 disks are made bykneading the polymers with ceramic powders and extruding to produce filaments, which are melted and used for 3D additivemanufacturing (AM). The processing parameters (sequence of addition, viscosity of the feedstock, etc.), the phasetransformation of the θ-powder, and catalytic properties of the made carrier are examined. The made alumina disks weredensified to a relative density (RD) of 40% −65%. Two porous disks were coated with catalyst NiO and CeO2, and used toreform syngas made from waste paper. The best case reforms the CH4 content in the syngas from 25.7% down to 0.15% orlower. The reformed gaseous fuel is suitable for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
Semi-Empirical Study on the Yield Energy-Dependence of the ^(235) U + n Fission
N.-C Shu,Y. -J Chen,T. -J Liu,Z. -J Sun,X. -Z Wu,J. Qian,R. -R Xu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The yield dependence on energy of ^(235)U+n fission was studied with semi-empirical mode based upon the basic idea of Brosa model, wherein the macro energy and the shell effects were taken into account at scission. And the yield could be expressed with a five-gaussian formula formally with 11 parameters, which were determined by fitting experimental data. The results showed it could well describe the yield mass distributions and the yield energy-dependance of part fragments in the incident energy range 0 - 20 MeV.
Ionic Size Effect on the Spin Gap Nature of SrCu2(TeO3)2Cl2
C. N. Kuo,S. C. Chen,C. S. Lue 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12
By means of magnetic susceptibility measurements, we report the effects of partial substitutionof Br onto the Cl sites of SrCu2(TeO3)2Cl2. This material has been a subject of current interestdue to indications of a spin gap behavior. However, the magnetic spin couplings responsiblefor the spin gap nature remain unclear. For each composition of SrCu2(TeO3)2(Cl1−xBrx)2, thetemperature-dependent susceptibility exhibits a character of low-dimensional magnetism with abroad maximum at Tmax. The magnitude of Tmax slightly shifts to higher temperatures with increasingBr concentration. The experimental data can be well fitted to a coupled spin dimer model,yielding an increasing trend for the spin gap size from 172 to 188 K. This indicates that the substitutionof Br ions has the effect of reducing the distance between Cu(1) and Cu(2) ions, leading toa stronger antiferromagnetic spin interaction. On the other hand, the variation of the interdimercoupling is marginal, indicative of substituting Br ions having little effect on the distance changesof Cu(1)-Cu(1) and Cu(2)-Cu(2) in SrCu2(TeO3)2Cl2.