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Kim, Hyo Jung,Hong, Sung Hyun,Kim, You Wang,Lee, Il Hwan,Jun, Ji Hyung,Phee, Bong-Kwan,Rupak, Timilsina,Jeong, Hana,Lee, Yeonmi,Hong, Byoung Seok,Nam, Hong Gil,Woo, Hye Ryun,Lim, Pyung Ok Oxford University Press 2014 Journal of experimental botany Vol.65 No.14
<P>Leaf senescence is a finely tuned and genetically programmed degeneration process, which is critical to maximize plant fitness by remobilizing nutrients from senescing leaves to newly developing organs. Leaf senescence is a complex process that is driven by extensive reprogramming of global gene expression in a highly coordinated manner. Understanding how gene regulatory networks involved in controlling leaf senescence are organized and operated is essential to decipher the mechanisms of leaf senescence. It was previously reported that the trifurcate feed-forward pathway involving <I>EIN2</I>, <I>ORE1</I>, and <I>miR164</I> in <I>Arabidopsis</I> regulates age-dependent leaf senescence and cell death. Here, new components of this pathway have been identified, which enhances knowledge of the gene regulatory networks governing leaf senescence. Comparative gene expression analysis revealed six senescence-associated NAC transcription factors (TFs) (ANAC019, AtNAP, ANAC047, ANAC055, ORS1, and ORE1) as candidate downstream components of ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2). EIN3, a downstream signalling molecule of EIN2, directly bound the <I>ORE1</I> and <I>AtNAP</I> promoters and induced their transcription. This suggests that EIN3 positively regulates leaf senescence by activating <I>ORE1</I> and <I>AtNAP</I>, previously reported as key regulators of leaf senescence. Genetic and gene expression analyses in the <I>ore1 atnap</I> double mutant revealed that ORE1 and AtNAP act in distinct and overlapping signalling pathways. Transient transactivation assays further demonstrated that ORE1 and AtNAP could activate common as well as differential NAC TF targets. Collectively, the data provide insight into an EIN2-mediated senescence signalling pathway that coordinates global gene expression during leaf senescence via a gene regulatory network involving EIN3 and senescence-associated NAC TFs.</P>
Kim, Young-Jon,Kim, Byoung-Ryun,Ryu, Jae-Suk,Lee, Gyeong-Ok,Kim, Hak-Ryul,Choi, Keum-Ha,Ryu, Jae-Won,Na, Kyoung-Suk,Park, Min-Cheol,So, Hong-Seob,Cho, Ji-Hyun,Park, Do-Sim Blackwell Scientific Publications 2017 International journal of gynecological cancer Vol.27 No.2
<B>Objective</B><P>Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), and SRSF3 are splicing regulators associated with oncogenesis. However, the alterations of SF proteins and their diagnostic values in cervical cancer are unclear. To apply SFs clinically, effective marker selection and characterization of the target organ properties are essential.</P><B>Materials and Methods</B><P>We concurrently analyzed HNRNPA1, SRSF1, SRSF3, and the conventional tumor markers squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in cervical tissue samples (n = 127) using semiquantitative immunoblotting. In addition, we compared them with p16 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A [CDKN2A]), which has shown high diagnostic efficacy in immunohistochemical staining studies and has been proposed as a candidate protein for point-of-care screening biochemical tests of cervical neoplasia.</P><B>Results</B><P>HNRNPA1, higher molecular weight forms of SRSF1 (SRSF1-HMws), SRSF3, CEA, and p16 levels were higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) in cervical carcinoma tissue samples than in nontumoral cervical tissue samples. However, the levels of SRSF1-Total (sum of SRSF1-HMws and a lower molecular weight form of SRSF1) and SCCA, a commonly used cervical tumor marker, were not different between carcinoma and nontumoral tissue samples. In paired sample comparisons, HNRNPA1 (94%) showed the highest incidence of up-regulation (carcinoma/nontumor, >1.5) in cervical carcinoma, followed by p16 (84%), SRSF1-HMws (69%), SRSF3 (66%), CEA (66 %), SCCA (32%), and SRSF1-Total (31%). HNRNPA1 (92%) and p16 (91%) presented the two highest diagnostic accuracies for cervical carcinoma, which were superior to those of SRSF3 (75%), SRSF1-HMws (72%), CEA (72%), SCCA (59%), and SRSF1-Total (55%).</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>Our results identified that HNRNPA1 is the best diagnostic marker among the SFs and conventional markers given its excellent diagnostic efficacy for cervical carcinoma, and it has a p16-comparable diagnostic value. We suggest that HNRNPA1 is an additional effective target protein for developing cervical cancer detection tools.</P>
Kim, Hyo Jung,Park, Ji-Hwan,Kim, Jingil,Kim, Jung Ju,Hong, Sunghyun,Kim, Jeongsik,Kim, Jin Hee,Woo, Hye Ryun,Hyeon, Changbong,Lim, Pyung Ok,Nam, Hong Gil,Hwang, Daehee National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.21
<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Leaf senescence is regulated in a complex manner, involving time-dependent interactions with developmental and environmental signals. Genetic screens have identified key regulators of senescence, particularly late-stage senescence regulators. Recently, time-course gene-expression and network analyses, mostly analyses of static networks, have predicted many senescence regulators. However, senescence is defined by time-evolving networks, involving the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks of NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors, central regulators of leaf senescence in <I>Arabidopsis</I>, via time-course gene-expression analysis of NACs in their mutants. These time-evolving networks revealed a unique regulatory module of NACs that controls the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at a presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Senescence is controlled by time-evolving networks that describe the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks for NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors in <I>Arabidopsis</I> during leaf aging. The most evident characteristic of these time-dependent networks was a shift from positive to negative regulation among NACs at a presenescent stage. ANAC017, ANAC082, and ANAC090, referred to as a “NAC troika,” govern the positive-to-negative regulatory shift. Knockout of the NAC troika accelerated senescence and the induction of other <I>NAC</I>s, whereas overexpression of the NAC troika had the opposite effects. Transcriptome and molecular analyses revealed shared suppression of senescence-promoting processes by the NAC troika, including salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, but with predominant regulation of SA and ROS responses by ANAC090 and ANAC017, respectively. Our time-evolving networks provide a unique regulatory module of presenescent repressors that direct the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at the presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼2>
Kim, Jeongsik,Park, Su Jin,Lee, Il Hwan,Chu, Hyosub,Penfold, Christopher A,Kim, Jin Hee,Buchanan-Wollaston, Vicky,Nam, Hong Gil,Woo, Hye Ryun,Lim, Pyung Ok Oxford University Press 2018 Journal of experimental botany Vol.69 No.12
<▼1><P>Ethylene and cytokinin play antagonistic roles in the regulation of leaf senescence via EIN2/ORE3-dependent transcriptional regulation of stress responses and AHK3/ORE12-dependent transcriptional maintenance of the translational machinery, respectively.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Leaf senescence involves degenerative but active biological processes that require balanced regulation of pro- and anti-senescing activities. Ethylene and cytokinin are major antagonistic regulatory hormones that control the timing and progression rate of leaf senescence. To identify the roles of these hormones in the regulation of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis, global gene expression profiles in detached leaves of the wild type, an ethylene-insensitive mutant (<I>ein2</I>/<I>ore3</I>), and a constitutive cytokinin response mutant (<I>ahk3/ore12</I>) were investigated during dark-induced leaf senescence. Comparative transcriptome analyses revealed that genes involved in oxidative or salt stress response were preferentially altered in the <I>ein2</I>/<I>ore3</I> mutant, whereas genes involved in ribosome biogenesis were affected in the <I>ahk3/ore12</I> mutant during dark-induced leaf senescence. Similar results were also obtained for developmental senescence. Through extensive molecular and physiological analyses in <I>ein2</I>/<I>ore3</I> and <I>ahk3/ore12</I> during dark-induced leaf senescence, together with responses when treated with cytokinin and ethylene inhibitor, we conclude that ethylene acts as a senescence-promoting factor via the transcriptional regulation of stress-related responses, whereas cytokinin acts as an anti-senescing agent by maintaining cellular activities and preserving the translational machinery. These findings provide new insights into how plants utilize two antagonistic hormones, ethylene and cytokinin, to regulate the molecular programming of leaf senescence.</P></▼2>
Hae-Ryun Park,Gye-Ok Jeong,Seung-Lim Lee,Jin-Young Kim,Soon-Ah Kang,Kun-Young Park,Hyun-Joo Ryou 한국영양학회 2009 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.3 No.4
The average sodium intake of Koreans was reported to be 5,279.9 ㎎/day, which is one of the highest intake levels worldwide. The average Koreans intake 19.6% of sodium from kimchi, showing kimchi as the main contributor of sodium in this country (Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2005). The sodium content of dishes that are frequently chosen by workers, and which were served by foodservice cafeterias were chemically analyzed. The average sodium content of one meal provided by 10 foodservice cafeterias was 2,777.7 ㎎. Twenty-one, one-dish-meals, frequently chosen by workers for a lunch menu, were collected at 4 different restaurants for each menu by one male, aged in the twenties and analyzed chemically also. Workers who eat lunch at a workplace cafeteria everyday could intake about 8 g of salt at a one-time meal and those who eat out for a one-dish-meal would intake 3-8 g of salt without counting sodium content from the side dishes. From these study results, one could estimate that over 10 g of salt could be possible for a single meal for workers who eat out everyday. A nationwide nutrition campaign and education for low salt diets for restaurant owners and foodservice providers should be seriously considered.