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Two Distinct Types of CME-flare Relationships Based on<i>SOHO</i>and<i>STEREO</i>Observations
Jang, Soojeong,Moon, Yong-Jae,Kim, Rok-Soon,Kim, Sujin,Lee, Jae-Ok American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.845 No.2
<P>In this paper, we present two distinct types of coronal mass ejection (CME)-flare relationships according to their observing time differences using 107 events from 2010 to 2013. The observing time difference,triangle T, is defined as flare peak time minus CME first appearance time at Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) COR1 field of view. There are 41 events for group A (triangle T < 0) and 66 events for group B (triangle T >= 0). We compare CME 3D parameters (speed and kinetic energy) based on multi-spacecraft data (SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and STEREO A and B) and their associated flare properties (peak flux, fluence, and duration). Our main results are as follows. First, there are better relationships between CME and flare parameters for group B than that of group A. In particular, CME 3D kinetic energy for group B is well correlated with flare fluence with the correlation coefficient of 0.67, which is much stronger than that (cc = 0.31) of group A. Second, the events belonging to group A have short flare durations of less than 1 hr (mean = 21 minutes), while the events for group B have longer durations up to 4 hr (mean = 81 minutes). Third, the mean value of height at peak speed for group B is 4.05 Rs, which is noticeably higher than that of group A (1.89 Rs). This is well correlated with the CME acceleration duration (cc = 0.75). A higher height at peak speed and a longer acceleration duration of CME for group B could be explained by the fact that magnetic reconnections for group B continuously occur for a longer time than those for group A.</P>
COMPARISON BETWEEN 2D AND 3D PARAMETERS OF 306 FRONT-SIDE HALO CMEs FROM 2009 TO 2013
Jang, Soojeong,Moon, Y.-J.,Kim, R.-S.,Lee, Harim,Cho, K.-S. American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.821 No.2
<P>We investigate 306 LASCO front-side halo (partial and full) CMEs from 2009 to 2013, which are well-observed by both the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO). These CMEs have two-dimensional (2D) parameters, such as speed, angular width, and propagation direction, from a single spacecraft (SOHO), as well as three-dimensional (3D) parameters from a multi-spacecraft (STEREO). These 2D CME parameters, which are based on plane-of-sky observations, are taken from the SOHO LASCO CME catalog and the NGDC flare catalog. We have determined their 3D CME parameters using the Stereoscopic CME analysis tool (StereoCAT) provided by the Community Coordinated Modeling Center at NASA. We compare 2D and 3D CME parameters, making this the most comprehensive statistical study on CME 3D parameters. As a result, we find that 2D speeds underestimate the 3D speed by about 20%. The 3D width ranges from 30 degrees to 158 degrees, values which are much smaller than the 2D widths with a mean value of 225 degrees. We also find that the ratio between the 2D and 3D widths decreases with central meridian distance. The 3D propagation directions are similar to the flare locations, with a mean absolute difference of about 13 degrees. The width-speed relationship in 3D is much stronger than that in 2D.</P>
Apo E Null mice에서 인삼 Ginsenosides (PD:PT = 1) 추출물의 지질개선 및 항산화 효과
장수정(Jang Soojeong),김성수(Kim Sung-Soo),이명숙(Lee Myoungsook) 韓國營養學會 2008 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.41 No.7
Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Panax ginseng) has been used for several thousand years to prolong longevity in Asian countries. Ginsenosides are the most active components isolated from ginseng and belong to damarane saponin which are separated into protopanaxadiol and protopanaxtriol. To evaluate the complex effect of ginsenoside in apo E null mice, ginseng extract were intraperioneally (i.p.) injected and provided high-cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. Ginseng extract came from were i.p. injected with dose of 100 ㎎/㎏/day for 4 weeks in the last experimental duration. Ginseng extract used experiment was abundant Rb1, Rc, Re, and Rg1 and PD:PT ratio was 1.2. The high-cholesterol diet induced liver damage was significantly reduced by ginseng extract. Results from plasma lipid profiles and atherogenic index were improved by ginseng extracts. The GE group significantly decreased plasma TG and TC by 73% and 61% compared to apo E (-/-) group. Also ginseng extract tend to decrease lipid profiles and lipidperoxidation contents in liver and heart. Ginseng extract with an abundant amount of Rg1 significantly suppressed the apoptosis induction of cardiac tissue. In conclusion, ginseng extract (PD:PT = 1) was improved lipid profiles and anti-oxidant effects.