관동맥질환에서 저밀도 지단백 입자 크기의 분포

임효영,김인숙,승기배,강동헌,전두수,장기육,박준철,이수영,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.8

Direct effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in elderly population in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: A case-control study

Kim, Jong Hun,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Kim, Hyo Youl,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Jun, Yoon Hee,Choi, Won Suk,Kang, Seong Hee,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kee, Sae Yoon,Hur, Jia Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>While herd effects and serotype replacement by childhood pneumococcal protein conjugated vaccines (PCVs) continues to accumulate worldwide, direct effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against pneumococcal diseases in the elderly has been challenged. We estimated the direct effectiveness of PPV23 in the elderly population.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>For a hospital-based case-control study, cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) (adults ≥ 65 years) were identified in 14 hospitals participated in the pneumococcal surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015, following implementation of PPV23 national immunization program (NIP) for the elderly in the Republic of Korea. Controls matched by age, sex, and hospital were selected at ratios of 1:2 (IPD) or 1:1 (NBPP). Clinical data and vaccination records were collected. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio) × 100.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>We enrolled 148 IPD and 557 NBPP cases, and 295 IPD and 557 NBPP controls for analyses. Overall effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 28.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.8%–51.6%] and against NBPP was 10.2% (-15.1-30.6) in all patients ≥ 65 years. However, in subgroup analysis of patients aged 65–74 years, PPV23 was protective against IPD [effectiveness 57.4% (19.4–77.5)] and against NBPP [effectiveness 35.0% (2.3–56.7)]. Furthermore, serotype-specific effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 90.6% (27.6–98.8) for PPV23-unique serotypes and 81.3% (38.6–94.3) for PPV23 serotypes excluding serotype 3.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study indicates that PPV23 with broad serotype coverage might be beneficial in preventing IPD and NBPP due to non-PCV13 serotypes in the young-elderly, with potentially increasing effectiveness in the setting of childhood PCV NIP.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization program for PPV23 for the elderly was implemented in Korea. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was effective against IPD and NBPP for young elderly patients aged 65–74. </LI> <LI> Effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was higher for PPV23 unique serotypes. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was non-protective against IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes. </LI> </UL> </P>

선박용 폐 FRP 수지의 재활용 공정 개발

강세란,김영우,황덕기,김시영,이민규,주창식 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.6

A recycling process for the waste FRP from boats was developed. The recycling process is composed of decomposition of waste FRP with propylene glycol and synthesis of recycled unsaturated polyester resin from the decomposed liquid material. Prior to the decomposition, waste FRP was cut into 2cm × 5cm segments and mechanical impact was applied by press roller to give gaps between cumulated laminates. Propylene glycol effectively decomposed the waste FRP segments and glass fibers were easily separated from decomposed liquid material. Recycled unsaturated polyester resin could be made from the decomposed liquid material by reaction with maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.

濾過法에 있어서 濾材(송이) 크기에 따른 褐藻類 抽出 廢水의 處理效果

姜永周,李民圭,吳泰文 제주대학교 1990 논문집 Vol.30 No.-

Efficient utilization of the scoria which are naturally abundant in parasitic volcano area of Cheju-do was tried to be linked with purification of the waste water contaminiating environment. A packed column for waste treatment was manufactured using scoria as medium, and the used waste water was the extract of a brown alga (Ecklonia cava) which is a raw material of sodium alginate. In this study the removal efficiency of suspended solid(SS), biological oxygen demand(BOD), and chemical oxygen demand(COD) was investigated under different conditions of medium size and operation time, The following results were obtained. 1. The smaller size of the medium gave the higher efficiency of water treatment. 2. The removal efficiency of SS was higher than that of BOD or COD at specific medium size. 3. The scoria was more effective on the removal of undissolved solid than dissolved one. 4. Filtration ability of the packed column was not decreased even after 5 day' continuous operation

신증후성 출혈열(HFRS)의 임상 양상에 관한 고찰

강민규,황평주,김종학,나기량,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) is an acute viral disease characterized by fever, cardiovascular instabilities, hemorrhagic manifestation and renal failure. Eighty-eight cases of HERS who were admitted to Chung-Nam National University Hospital from July 1988 to December 1997 were analysed from the stand-point of clinical and laboratory findings. The results were as follows. 1. The months of peak incidence were November and December. 2. The most frequent chief complains on admission were fever and chill, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, myalgia and headache, respectively. 3. The clinical stage on admission were oligouric(42 cases), febrile(22 cases), hypotensive(5 cases) and diuretic(3 cases) phase, respectively. 4. In laboratory analysis, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia and proteinuria were observed in most of the case. 5. The infection rate of Leptospirosis and Scrub typhus in 72 HFRS patients was 13.9%(8 cases and 2 cases). 6. The mortality rate was 4.2% anti the cause of death were shock(2cases) and pulmonary hemorrhage(1 case)

천안지역 대학생의 흡연군과 비흡연군간의 충동성,우울 및 불안정도 비교 연구

강영규,김현우,백기청,이경규,임명호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.6

연구목적 : 본 연구에서는 근래에 와서 건강을 위협하는 중요한 변인으로 강조되고 있는 흡연이 어떤 심리적 요인과 관련이 있는지 검증하고자 하였다. 여러 가지 심리적 변인 중 아마도 흡연과 가장 관련이 높을 것으로 생각되는 우울, 불안 그리고 충동성 정도가 흡연자와 비흡연자 간 뿐 아니라, 같은 흡연자라 할지라도 성별에 따른 차이가 있는지 검증하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구는 흡연을 예방하고 치료하는 데 있어 다른 물질중독의 경우와 마찬가지로 우울, 불안 및 충동성 등의 심리적 요인의 고려가 중요한 변인으로 간주되어야할 지를 알 수 있는 지표가 될 수 있을 것이다. 방 법 : 이 연구는 크게 BIS-11의 신뢰도 검증을 위한 예비연구와, 흡연과 정신건강과의 관계를 알아보기 위한 본 연구로 대별될 수 있다. 예비연구의 대상으로는 BIS-11을 한글로 번역하고 그 신뢰도를 측정하기 위해 일반인 187명을 대상으로 한 설문작업이 이루어졌으며 이중 30명에 대해서는 1주일 간격의 검사-재검사의 과정을 거쳤다. 본 연구의 연구대상으로는 천안 소재의 대학생 총 550명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 설문지는 ① 사회인구학적인 변인에 대한 문항들 ② Barrat 충동척도 임시 번안판 ③ Beck의 우울증 척도 한글판(Beck Depression Inventory : BDI한글판) ④ 상태-특성 불안척도 한글판(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) 중 특성불안 척도 이렇게 총 4개의 부분으로 구성되었다. 통계분석은 SPSS Win 9.0을 이용하였으며 주로 이원변량분석법(Two-Way ANOVA)과 independent T-test 등을 이용해 분석하였다. 결 과 : 흡연군이 비흡연군에 비해서 'Barrat 충동척도 임시 번안판' 총 점수, 그 하위 3개요인 중 즉흥성(제 2 요인), Beck의 우울증 척도 점수 그리고 이들을 합한 '불안-우울-충동성 표준종합점수합'이 유의미하게 놓았다. 또한 여성이 남성에 비해 특성불안 점수, BIS-11 총점수, 그 하위 3개요인 중 즉흥성(제 2 요인), 운동성(제 3 요인), Beck의 우울증 척도 점수 그리고 이들을 합한 '불안-우울-충동성 표준화 점수의 합'이 유의미하게 높았다. 또 성별 및 흡연여부의 상호작용효과가 있는 변수로는 'Barrat 충동척도 임시 번안판' 총점수, 그 하위 3개 요인 중 즉흥성(제 2 요인), 운동성(제 3 요인), Beck의 우울증 척도 점수 그리고 이들을 합한 '불안-우울-충동성 표준화 점수의 합'이 있었다. 이러한 상호작용 효과를 검증하기 위하여 남성 흡연-비흡연군, 여성 흡연-비흡연군을 비교한 결과 남성의 경우 흡연군과 비흡연군 사이에 이들 모든 척도에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없었으나, 여성의 경우 흡연군이 비흡연군에 비해 이들 모든 영역에서 유의미하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 결 론 : 이상의 연구결과는 그것이 원인이지 결과인지는 알 수 없으나 흡연자가 대체로 우울, 불안, 충동성 등의 심리적 영역에서 문제가 있으며 특히 여성 흡연자의 경우 그 정도가 심해 흡연의 예방 및 치료에 있어 단순히 신체적 문제만을 부각시킬 것이 아니라 이러한 심리적 요인을 고려해야 함을 시사한다 하겠다. Objective : The study aims to determine whether smokers are more likely to have depression, anxiety and impulsiveness than nonsmokers. In addition, the difference between male and female smokers in terms of psychiatric symptoms are also to be looked at, particularly considered that there is still social stigma against female smokers in Korea. Ultimately, conclusions of the report can decide whether the psychiatric factors should be regarded important in treating smokers and prevention of smoking. Methods : The study is composed of two parts, a preliminary study to check confidence level of BIS-11 and the main study to examine relations between smoking and mental health. For the preliminary study, BIS-11 was translated into Korean to check its confidence level by interviewing 187 people, among whom 30 respondents had gone through an examination and a reexamination with one-week interval. Respondents of the main study were total 550 college students in Cheonan area. The questionaires were categorized into five parts ; 1) sociodemographic variants 2) temporary Korean version of Barrat Impulsiveness Scale(Version 11 : BIS-11) 3) Korean version of Beck Depression Inventory 4) trait anxiety scale from Korean verison of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. SPSS Win9.0 has been run to analyze the outcome mainly using Two-Way ANOVA and independent T-test. Results : Difference between genders/smokers and nonmokers : The overall score of BIS-11, one of its three subcategories : impromptuness, Beck Depression, and the combined score for multi scales were significantly higher among smokers. Female smokers showed significantly higher scores than male smokers in trait anxiety, overall BIS-11, and two of its three subcategories(indiscretion and motor), Beck Depression and the combined score for multi scales. Overall BIS-11, two of its three subcategories(indiscretion and motor), Beck Depression and the combined score for multi scales were meaningful variants in comparison between male smokers/nonsmokers. While there was no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers among men, significant difference was identified among women who showed higher scores across all variants. Conclusion : Although it is not sure whether it is the result or the cause of smoking it is confirmed that smokers have problems in psychiatric areas such as depression, anxiety, and inpromptuness, particularly among female smokers to greater degree. Therefore, it strongly implies that psychiatric aspects should be considered in preventing and treating severe smoking problems of female smokers along with physical ill effects.

KAL기 추락에 의한 대량재해의 개인식별

강신몽,이원태,고영창,최상규,김윤희,이홍석,서재관,윤중진,이혜경,최득린,김종열,윤창육,변명식,이장홍 大韓法醫學會 1991 대한법의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Individual identification is an important part in medicolegal field especially in mass disaster. At July, 27, 1989, KAL KE-803 was crashed on landing at Tripoli International Airport, Liba. The plane was caught in fire and sixty eight Koreans were sacrified. The majority of victims were severely charred and injured. The authors examed all dead bodies and successfully identified all the cases through visual, anthropological, odontological, radiological and pathological methods including fingerprint and blood typing.

수근관 증후군의 국소 스테로이드 주사

조민규,이성훈,강은영,전평식,최영태 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.5

생화학적 표식자를 이용한 골다공증의 평가

이규한,박영재,김미정,이상건,이강목 大韓再活醫學會 1998 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.22 No.3

거리측정척도에 의한 대안들의 전체적 유사순서 결정

김영겸,이강인,김진용,이진규 한국경영과학회 1994 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

Imprecision of evaluation or lack of prior information about preference can be an obstacle for decision maker in representing his strict preference. Therefore, fuzziness of preference can take place, and in addition, intransitivity or incomparability of preference becomes the critical difficulty in making complete preorder of alternatives. In order to get better solution and to improve practical usefulness, MCDM should be established as a pseudo-criterion model that include fuzzy preference. In this paper, we suggest a pseudo-criterion model that can make complete preorder of alternatives by metric distance measure.