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Development of Composting Technology in Animal Waste Treatment - Review -
Haga, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.4
Solid animal wastes in Japan are treated mainly by composting. The composting process under controlled conditions is able to convert the wastes into high-quality organic fertilizer. Various types of composting facilities with/without forced aeration and turning device are available. Characterization of the maturing process during composting was studied, to improve the quality of compost and to make the degree of maturity. Recycling of animal wastes as compost without any environmental pollution will be closely related to the development of sustainable agriculture with organic fertilizer in Japan.
Epitaxial Growth of ZnO Films Prepared by Using MO-CVD with Zn(C9H15O3)₂
K. Haga,T. Chiba,H. Onodera,T. Kadota,C. Hasegawa 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1
High-quality ZnO epitaxial lms with highly at surface were successfully prepared by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MO-CVD) with Zn(C9H15O3)2 as a new liquid-phase source material. The crystal structures were characterized by using X-ray diraction and re ection high-energy electron diraction (RHEED) analysis. The surface morphology was evaluated by means of atomic force microscopy. Single-crystal ZnO (1120) lms were epitaxially grown on the (0112) plains of sapphire substrates. The RHEED patterns for the surfaces of the ZnO (1120) lms exhibited sharp streaky patterns with Kikuchi lines. The present ZnO lms had surface morphologies as excellent as those of lms that had been prepared well by using molecular beam epitaxy. High-quality ZnO epitaxial lms with highly at surface were successfully prepared by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MO-CVD) with Zn(C9H15O3)2 as a new liquid-phase source material. The crystal structures were characterized by using X-ray diraction and re ection high-energy electron diraction (RHEED) analysis. The surface morphology was evaluated by means of atomic force microscopy. Single-crystal ZnO (1120) lms were epitaxially grown on the (0112) plains of sapphire substrates. The RHEED patterns for the surfaces of the ZnO (1120) lms exhibited sharp streaky patterns with Kikuchi lines. The present ZnO lms had surface morphologies as excellent as those of lms that had been prepared well by using molecular beam epitaxy.
Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakajima, T.,Nakano, Y.,Nakayama, S.,Orii, A.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, M.,Takeda, A.,Tanaka, H. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review D Vol.95 No.1
<P>We have searched for proton decay via p -> e(+) pi(0) and p -> mu(+) pi(0) using Super-Kamiokande data from April 1996 to March 2015, 0.306 megaton center dot years exposure in total. The atmospheric neutrino background rate in Super-Kamiokande IV is reduced to almost half that of phase I-III by tagging neutrons associated with neutrino interactions. The reach of the proton lifetime is further enhanced by introducing new signal criteria that select the decay of a proton in a hydrogen atom. No candidates were seen in the p -> e(+) pi(0) search. Two candidates that passed all of the selection criteria for p -> mu(+) pi(0) have been observed, but these are consistent with the expected number of background events of 0.87. Lower limits on the proton lifetime are set at tau/B(p -> mu(+) pi(0)) > 1.6 x 10(34) years and tau/B(p -> mu(+) pi(0) ) > 7.7 x 10(33) years at 90% confidence level.</P>
Test of Lorentz invariance with atmospheric neutrinos
Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakano, Y.,Nakayama, S.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, M.,Suzuki, Y.,Takeda, A.,Tanaka, H.,Tomura, T. American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.91 No.5
Limits on sterile neutrino mixing using atmospheric neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande
Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakano, Y.,Nakayama, S.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, M.,Suzuki, Y.,Takeda, A.,Tanaka, H.,Tomura, T. American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.91 No.5
Solar neutrino measurements in Super-Kamiokande-IV
Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Marti, Ll.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakajima, T.,Nakayama, S.,Orii, A.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, M.,Sonoda, Y.,Takeda, A. American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.94 No.5
<P>Upgraded electronics, improved water system dynamics, better calibration and analysis techniques allowed Super-Kamiokande-IV to clearly observe very low-energy B-8 solar neutrino interactions, with recoil electron kinetic energies as low as similar to 3.5 MeV. Super-Kamiokande-IV data-taking began in September of 2008; this paper includes data until February 2014, a total livetime of 1664 days. The measured solar neutrino flux is (2.308 +/- 0.020)(stat)(-0.040)(+0.039) (syst)) x 10(6)/(cm(2) sec) assuming no oscillations. The observed recoil electron energy spectrum is consistent with no distortions due to neutrino oscillations. An extended maximum likelihood fit to the amplitude of the expected solar zenith angle variation of the neutrino-electron elastic scattering rate in SK-IV results in a day/night asymmetry of (-3.6 +/- 1.6(stat) +/- 0.6(syst)%. The SK-IV solar neutrino data determine the solar mixing angle as sin(2)theta(12) = 0.327(-0.031)(+0.026), all SK solar data (SK-I, SK-II, SK III and SK-IV) measures this angle to be sin(2)theta(12) = 0.334(-0.023)(+0.027), the determined mass-squared splitting is Delta m(21)(2) = 4.8(-0.8)(+1.5) x 10(-5) eV(2).</P>
Real-time supernova neutrino burst monitor at Super-Kamiokande
Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakano, Y.,Nakayama, S.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, M.,Suzuki, Y.,Takeda, A.,Tanaka, H.,Tomura, T. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Astroparticle physics Vol.81 No.-
<P>We present a real-time supernova neutrino burst monitor at Super-Kamiokande (SIC). Detecting supernova explosions by neutrinos in real time is crucial for giving a clear picture of the explosion mechanism. Since the neutrinos are expected to come earlier than light, a fast broadcasting of the detection may give astronomers a chance to make electromagnetic radiation observations of the explosions right at the onset. The role of the monitor includes a fast announcement of the neutrino burst detection to the world and a determination of the supernova direction. We present the online neutrino burst detection system and studies of the direction determination accuracy based on simulations at SK. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Richard, E.,Okumura, K.,Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakajima, T.,Nakano, Y.,Nakayama, S.,Orii, A.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.94 No.5
<P>A comprehensive study of the atmospheric neutrino flux in the energy region from sub-GeV up to several TeV using the Super-Kamiokande (SK) water Cherenkov detector is presented in this paper. The energy and azimuthal spectra, and variation over time, of the atmospheric nu(e) + (nu) over bar (e) and nu(mu) + (nu) over bar (mu) fluxes are measured. The energy spectra are obtained using an iterative unfolding method by combining various event topologies with differing energy responses. The azimuthal spectra depending on energy and zenith angle, and their modulation by geomagnetic effects, are also studied. A predicted east-west asymmetry is observed in both the nu(e) and nu(mu) samples at 8.0 sigma and 6.0 sigma significance, respectively, and an indication that the asymmetry dipole angle changes depending on the zenith angle was seen at the 2.2 sigma level. The measured energy and azimuthal spectra are consistent with the current flux models within the estimated systematic uncertainties. A study of the long-term correlation between the atmospheric neutrino flux and the solar magnetic activity cycle is performed, and a weak preference for a correlation was seen at the 1.1 sigma level, using SK-I-SK-IV data spanning a 20-year period. For several particularly strong solar activity periods, corresponding to Forbush decrease events, no theoretical prediction is available but a deviation below the typical neutrino event rate is seen at the 2.4 sigma level. The seasonal modulation of the neutrino flux is also examined, but the change in flux at the SK site is predicted to be negligible, and, as expected, no evidence for a seasonal correlation is seen.</P>