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        Epitaxial Growth of ZnO Films Prepared by Using MO-CVD with Zn(C9H15O3)₂

        K. Haga,T. Chiba,H. Onodera,T. Kadota,C. Hasegawa 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1

        High-quality ZnO epitaxial lms with highly at surface were successfully prepared by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MO-CVD) with Zn(C9H15O3)2 as a new liquid-phase source material. The crystal structures were characterized by using X-ray diraction and re ection high-energy electron diraction (RHEED) analysis. The surface morphology was evaluated by means of atomic force microscopy. Single-crystal ZnO (1120) lms were epitaxially grown on the (0112) plains of sapphire substrates. The RHEED patterns for the surfaces of the ZnO (1120) lms exhibited sharp streaky patterns with Kikuchi lines. The present ZnO lms had surface morphologies as excellent as those of lms that had been prepared well by using molecular beam epitaxy. High-quality ZnO epitaxial lms with highly at surface were successfully prepared by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MO-CVD) with Zn(C9H15O3)2 as a new liquid-phase source material. The crystal structures were characterized by using X-ray diraction and re ection high-energy electron diraction (RHEED) analysis. The surface morphology was evaluated by means of atomic force microscopy. Single-crystal ZnO (1120) lms were epitaxially grown on the (0112) plains of sapphire substrates. The RHEED patterns for the surfaces of the ZnO (1120) lms exhibited sharp streaky patterns with Kikuchi lines. The present ZnO lms had surface morphologies as excellent as those of lms that had been prepared well by using molecular beam epitaxy.

      • A study on electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics of the field coil in HTS motor

        Kim, S.B.,Kadota, T.,Joo, J.H.,Sano, H.,Murase, S.,Lee, S.H.,Hong, J.P.,Kim, H.M.,Kwon, Y.K.,Jo, Y.S. North-Holland 2010 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.470 No.20

        High temperature superconducting (HTS) motors electromagnetically consist of a rotator wound with HTS wires and an armature with conventional copper wires like Litz wire. The HTS rotor windings, as field coils, consist of a straight part and an end-ring part. Because a major rotation torque is induced by an interaction between magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors in the straight part, most of mechanical stresses in the motor occur at the straight part. An end-ring is placed in the edge of the straight part and used to connect to each adjacent straight-part coils. The magnetic fields by coil currents concentrate on the end-ring part, therefore, it is expected that the critical current of the entire coil, straight and end-ring, can be determined by the magnitude of the field in the end-ring. This paper deals with the overall J<SUB>c</SUB> degradation in the end-ring part by self-field generated from the coil. In addition to electromagnetic analyses, we have performed a numerical analysis in order to evaluate mechanical stresses in the straight part of field coil by armature reaction on steady-state operation. The analytical results will be presented in this paper.

      • Study on Quench Protection Method With Regards to Normal Transition Behavior for HTS Coil

        Joo, J.-H,Sano, H,Kadota, T,Kim, S.-B,Murase, S,Kwon, Y.-K,Kim, H.-M,Jo, Y.-S IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.20 No.3

        <P>This paper presents the quench detection method with using normal transition behavior for HTS coil. If the HTS coil starts to propagate a normal zone by an initial quench, it will be recovered the superconducting state or runaway thermally. These behaviors were mainly determined by variety parameters like the magnitude of a disturbance, HTS coil size, the structure of winding wire and cooling condition. However, the first step of detection or protection for coils should be started from detecting the presence of a non-recovering normal zone. This paper classifies the initial quench behaviors of HTS wires or coils as a model of 3-type tendencies, and suggests suitable detection techniques for each tendency with using the end-to-end voltage of coil. In additional, this method is able to detect a quench without a decisive criterion used at other quench detection methods. In order to confirm the validity of the method, we used the HTS sample coil wound with YBCO tapes. This paper presents these results and the quench protection properties with fabricated detection method.</P>

      • Quench protection technique for HTS coils with electronic workbench

        Joo, J.H.,Kim, S.B.,Kadota, T.,Sano, H.,Murase, S.,Kim, H.M.,Kwon, Y.K.,Jo, Y.S. North-Holland 2010 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.470 No.20

        The stability and the protection of superconducting applications are very important issues. High temperature superconductor (HTS) is stable than low temperature superconductor (LTS). However, due to the high stability of HTS, HTS coils have complicate behaviors of normal transition - such as a recovery into the superconducting state or thermal runaway - which is determined by the magnitude of disturbance, coil size, the structure of winding wire and cooling condition. In this paper, we propose the quench protection system based on the active power method which can detect the quench by measuring the generating instantaneous active power in HTS coils. And the quench detection circuit adopted a software circuit by LabVIEW which was added a new quench protection technique to the circuit in order to improve its detection performance. Furthermore, it can monitor interior states of HTS coils with acquiring the only coil voltages in real time. To confirm the validity of the suggested technique, the experiments were performed with the hardware circuit for quench detection simultaneously. The experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper.

      • The Characteristics of the Normal Transition in the Longitudinal and Transverse Directions in Cryocooled YBCO Coils

        Kim, S.-B,Sano, H,Joo, J.-H,Kadota, T,Murase, S,Kim, H.-M,Jo, Y.-S,Kwon, Y.-K IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.20 No.3

        <P>Recently, the superconducting devices using cryogenic and superconducting technologies were widespread in the field of electric power. The 2G wires with YBCO superconducting layer, metal substrate and stabilizer layer are expected to be used in future superconducting applications, because it has high J<SUP>c</SUP> properties in high temperature and high magnetic fields. In order to operate safely at high transport currents, the thermal stability of the wounding wire should be addressed in terms of detection and protection against the quench. On the other hand, the understanding of the 3-dimensional normal zone expansion during a quench is very important to design the superconducting devices such as magnets and cables. This paper presents the results of an experimental study for normal zone propagation properties in the longitudinal and transverse directions using the pancake coil wound with 2G wires which have Cu and SUS stabilizers under the cryocooler cooling. And the minimum quench energy (MQE) of the pancake coils wound with two different kinds of stabilizers as functions of operating temperature and transport current will be described.</P>

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