The comparison between carboxyl, amido and hydroxy group in influencing electrorheological performance

Li Huo,Jun-Ran Li,Fu-Hui Liao 한국유변학회 2011 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.23 No.1

Three kinds of electrorheological (ER) materials with carboxyl, amido and hydroxyl group, respectively,were synthesized by a simple adsorption method. The powder of silicon dioxide as a substrate of the materials,as well as terephthalic acid [p-C_6H_4(COOH)_2, abbr.: phen-COOH], p-phenylenediamine [p-C_6H_4(NH_2)_2, abbr.: phen-NH_2] and hydroquinone [p-C_6H_4(OH)_2, abbr.: phen-OH] were chosen as starting materials. The ER properties of suspensions of the materials in silicon oil were studied. The suspension of the material adsorbing phen-COOH reveals the highest ER activity, the relative shear stress of the suspension (25 wt%), τ_r(=τ_E/τ_0, τ_E and τ_0 are the shear stresses at electric field strengths of E=4.2 and 0 kV/mm, respectively), reaches 220 under a DC electric field at a shear rate of 14.5 s^(−1). The shear stress of the suspension of the material adsorbing phen-NH2 is the largest at an high electric field strength. The ER activity of the material adsorbing phen-OH is the lowest among the three materials. The molecule structure is an importance factor in influencing ER performance of the materials for similar compounds with different polar function groups. The relationship between the ER activity and dielectric property of the materials was discussed.

Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability of Sibutramine Base by Solid Dispersion System with Aqueous Medium

Li, Dong Xun,Jang, Ki-Young,Kang, Wonku,Bae, Kyoungjin,Lee, Mann Hyung,Oh, Yu-Kyoung,Jee, Jun-Pil,Park, Young-Joon,Oh, Dong Hoon,Seo, Youn Gee,Kim, Young Ran,Kim, Jong Oh,Woo, Jong Soo,Yong, Chul Soon Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2010 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.33 No.2

<P>To develop a novel sibutramine base-loaded solid dispersion with improved solubility bioavailability, various solid dispersions were prepared with water, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), poloxamer and citric acid using spray-drying technique. The effect of HPMC, poloxamer and citric acid on the aqueous solubility of sibutramine was investigated. The physicochemical properties of solid dispersion were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats of solid dispersion were evaluated compared to the sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate-loaded commercial product (Reductil<SUP>®</SUP>). The sibutramine base-loaded solid dispersion gave two type forms. Like conventional solid dispersion system, one type appeared as a spherical shape with smooth surface, as the carriers and drug with relatively low melting point were soluble in water and formed it. The other appeared as an irregular form with relatively rough surface. Unlike conventional solid dispersion system, this type changed no crystalline form of drug. Our results suggested that this type was formed by attaching hydrophilic carriers to the surface of drug without crystal change, resulting from changing the hydrophobic drug to hydrophilic form. The sibutramine-loaded solid dispersion at the weight ratio of sibutramine base/HPMC/poloxamer/citric acid of 5/3/3/0.2 gave the maximum drug solubility of about 3 mg/ml. Furthermore, it showed the similar plasma concentration, area under the curve (<I>AUC</I>) and <I>C</I><SUB>max</SUB> of parent drug, metabolite I and II to the commercial product, indicating that it might give the similar drug efficacy compared to the sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate-loaded commercial product in rats. Thus, this solid dispersion system would be useful to deliver poorly water-soluble sibutramine base with enhanced bioavailability.</P>

Mixtures of Tea and Citrus maxima (pomelo) Alleviate Lipid Deposition in HepG2 Cells Through the AMPK/ACC Signaling Pathway

Ran An,Shuai Wen,Dong-Li Li,Qiu-Hua Li,Xing-Fei Lai,Wen-Ji Zhang,Ruo-Hong Chen,Jun-Xi Cao,Zhi-Gang Li,Qiu-Sheng Huang,Ling-Li Sun,Shi-Li Sun 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.9

Tea and citrus maxima are natural, medicinal homologous plants, typically used for making beverages, which have anticancer, antiobesity, and antioxidation properties. Green tea, yellow tea, and black tea were combined with citrus maxima to obtain green tea and Citrus maxima (GTCM), yellow tea and Citrus maxima (YTCM), and black tea and Citrus maxima (BTCM). The biochemical components of these mixtures were analyzed, and their possible effects and mechanisms on relieving liver lipid deposition were explored. The tea polyphenols, free amino acids, phenolamine ratio, and caffeine were comparable in YTCM and GTCM, being significantly higher than those in BTCM. In addition, the content of esterified catechins, nonesterified catechins, and total catechins in YTCM was significantly higher than those in GTCM and BTCM. All three mixtures of Citrus maxima tea significantly reduced lipid deposition in HepG2 cells, with GTCM and YTCM being slightly more effective than BTCM. Regarding the possible mechanism, Western blot analysis revealed that the three Citrus maxima tea mixtures could activate the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway, upregulate the expression of p-AMPK, p-ACC, and CPT-1 proteins, and downregulate the expression of SREBP1c and fatty acid synthase proteins to inhibit fat synthesis, thereby relieving lipid deposition in liver cells. In conclusion, as a novel and healthy beverage, Citrus maxima tea has the potential to alleviate liver lipid deposition, and further could be responsible for obesity treatment.

Characterization and function of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein from the Chinese oak silkworm, Antheraea pernyi

Li-Shang Dai,Cen Qian, LeiWang,Guo-Qing Wei,Qiu-Ning Liu,Yu Sun,Cong-Fen Zhang,Jun Li,Dong-Ran Liu,Bao-Jian Zhu,Chao-Liang Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.4

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are conserved proteins in animals from insects to mammals and play an important role in immune response by recognizing peptidoglycan on microbial surfaces. In this study, a PGRP gene from Antheraea pernyi, named Ap-PGRP-A, was isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis revealed that the full-length cDNA of Ap-PGRP-A was 961 bp, containing a 40 bp 5′-untranslated sequence, a 339 bp 3′-untranslated region and an open reading frame of 582 bp. This gene encoded a putative protein of 193 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Ap-PGRP-A had the closest protein sequence similarity to Antheraea mylitta PGRP. The recombinant protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli cells and a rabbit anti-Ap-PGRP-A antibody was also prepared. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that Ap-PGRP-A was extensively expressed in the fat body, midgut, hemocyte,malpighian tubule and epidermis of A. pernyi, especially in the fat body and midgut. The expression levels of Ap-PGRP-A were significantly up-regulated by three types of microorganisms, and Ap-PGRP-A expression was more sensitive in response to the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli than the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis or the fungus Beauveria bassiana. These data indicate that Ap-PGRP-A may play a role in the innate immune responses of A. pernyi.

유통조직 관점에서 상사의 정치적 기술이 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 미치는 영향: 직무열의와 조직몰입의 이중 매개효과

이의연 ( Li Yi Ran ),유성용 ( Ryu Sung Yong ),이종민 ( Lee Jong Min ),이준혁 ( Lee Jun Hyuk ) 한국유통경영학회(구 한국유통정보학회) 2019 유통경영학회지 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 리더의 정치적 기술이 직무열의, 조직몰입, 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 미치는 영향을 검증하고, 직무열의와 조직몰입의 이중 매개효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 국내 기업 및 조직구성원에게서 수집된 563부의 설문지를 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 리더의 정치적 기술은 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직무열의는 리더의 정치적 기술과 비윤리적 친-조직행동의 관계에서는 매개역할을 하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 조직몰입은 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 리더의 정치적 기술과 비윤리적 친-조직행동의 관계에서 직무열의와 조직몰입은 이중 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 통해 다음과 같은 시사점을 제시할 수 있다. 이론적 시사점은 본 연구를 통해 다시 한 번 조직 내 구성원들의 인지, 정서, 태도, 행동과 같은 행동패턴을 확인했다는데 그 의의가 있다. 또한 이러한 행동패턴이 사회교환이론에 의해 규명되어진다는 점을 밝힘으로써 이론적 확장에 기여하였다. 실무적 시사점은 본 연구를 통해 실제 경영현장에서 구성원들이 조직의 목표를 효율적이고 효과적으로 달성하기 위해 기꺼이 비윤리적 친-조직행동을 수행할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 조직차원에서 이러한 부정적인 영향 및 가능성을 사전에 인지하고 나아가 사회적 차원에서 모두가 인식할 수 있는 깨끗하고 공정한 조직 문화 및 환경을 조성할 수 있도록 적극적인 노력이 필요하다는 시사점을 제공하고 있다. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of leader political skill on job engagement, organizational commitment and unethical pro organizational behavior, and analyze the dual mediation effect of job engagement and organizational commitment. To conduct this study, we used 563 questionnaires collected by members in domestic companies and organizations. The result of the analyses are as follows: First, leader political skill has no positive effect on unethical pro organizational behavior. Second, in the relationship between leader political skill and unethical pro organizational behavior, job engagement does not plays a mediating role, but organizational commitment plays a mediating role. Third, in the relationship between leader political skill and unethical pro organizational behavior, job engagement and organizational commitment play a dual mediating role. The results of this study suggest the following implications. The theoretical implication is that this study once again confirmed the behavior patterns such as cognition, emotion, attitude and behavior of members in the organization. In addition, this study can contribute to theoretical expansion by explaining that these behavior patterns are identified by social exchange theory. The practical implication is that this study confirmed that members in the actual management field are willing to perform unethical pro organizational behavior in order to achieve the organization's goal efficiently and effectively. Therefore, it is suggested that active efforts should be made to recognize these negative influences and possibilities at the organization level and to create a clean and fair organizational culture and environment that everyone can recognize at the social level.

High sensitivity in Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles for detection of acetaldehyde

Yoo, Ran,Li, Dongmei,Rim, Hyun Jun,Cho, Sungmee,Lee, Hyun-Sook,Lee, Wooyoung Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.266 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The gas sensing properties of Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), which were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, have been described for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetaldehyde, toluene, and benzene. The maximum sensing response (R = 2250) of these Al-doped ZnO NPs was observed upon exposure to 10 ppm acetaldehyde at an optimal operating temperature of 500 °C, which was almost 173 and 125 times higher than that observed for toluene and benzene, respectively. The highest dipole moment of acetaldehyde among the three VOCs is responsible for its highest sensitivity. The Al-doped ZnO NPs also show a higher selectivity toward acetaldehyde than that of different interfering gases and their response to acetaldehyde was superior compared with the previously reported responses of other materials. The enhanced sensing performance of Al-doped ZnO NPs to acetaldehyde compared to undoped ones may be explained by an increase in specific surface area, oxygen vacancies, and conductivity after Al doping.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The comparison between carboxyl, amido and hydroxy group in influencing electrorheological performance

Huo, Li,Li, Jun-Ran,Liao, Fu-Hui 한국유변학회 2011 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.23 No.1

Three kinds of electrorheological (ER) materials with carboxyl, amido and hydroxyl group, respectively, were synthesized by a simple adsorption method. The powder of silicon dioxide as a substrate of the materials, as well as terephthalic acid [$p-C_6H_4(COOH)_2$, abbr.: phen-COOH], p-phenylenediamine [$p-C_6H_4(NH_2)_2$, abbr.: $phen-NH_2$] and hydroquinone [$p-C_6H_4(OH_2)_2$, abbr.: phen-OH] were chosen as starting materials. The ER properties of suspensions of the materials in silicon oil were studied. The suspension of the material adsorbing phen-COOH reveals the highest ER activity, the relative shear stress of the suspension (25 wt%), ${\tau}_r(={\tau}_E/{\tau}_0,\;{\tau}_E\;and\;{\tau}_0$ are the shear stresses at electric field strengths of E=4.2 and 0 kV/mm, respectively), reaches 220 under a DC electric field at a shear rate of $14.5s^{-1}$. The shear stress of the suspension of the material adsorbing $phen-NH_2$ is the largest at an high electric field strength. The ER activity of the material adsorbing phen-OH is the lowest among the three materials. The molecule structure is an importance factor in influencing ER performance of the materials for similar compounds with different polar function groups. The relationship between the ER activity and dielectric property of the materials was discussed.

Molecule-based electrorheological material assembled using β-cyclodextrin as substrate

Yan-Li Shang,Yun-Ling Jia,Yun Ma,Jun-Ran Li,Shao-Hua Zhang,Ming-Xiu Li 한국유변학회 2010 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.22 No.1

Molecule-based electrorheological (ER) materials as a novel type of ER materials, the inclusion compound [H2(β-CD-A)-PTA] between p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTA, guest) and H2(β-CD-A) (host) that is dicarboxylic acid of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) , and the rare earth (RE) complexes [(β-CD-A)-PTA]3RE2 (RE=La, Gd, Y)of H2(β-CD-A)-PTA, were synthesized. The ER performance and dielectric property of the materials were studied. Our results show that the molecule-based ER materials assembled using β-cyclodextrin as a substrate,especially the inclusion compound and its rare earth (RE) complexes exhibit clear ER effect. The inclusion PTA can markedly enhance the ER performance of H2(β-CD-A) material. The ER activity of the yttrium complex is the highest among these materials. The characteristic of the molecule in molecule-based ER materials is an important factor in influencing ER property.

Construction of Mammalian Cell Expression Vector for pAcGFP-bFLIP(L) Fusion Protein and Its Expression in Follicular Granulosa Cells

Yang, Run Jun,Li, Wu Feng,Li, Jun Ya,Zhang, Lu Pei,Gao, Xue,Chen, Jin Bao,Xu, Shang Zhong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.3

FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) is one of the important anti-apoptotic proteins in the Fas/FasL apoptotic path which has death effect domains, mimicking the pro-domain of procaspase-8. To reveal the intracellular signal transduction molecules involved in the process of follicular development in the bovine ovary, we cloned the c-FLIP(L) gene in bovine ovary tissue with the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), deleted the termination codon in its cDNA, and directionally cloned the amplified c-FLIP(L) gene into eukaryotic expression vector pAcGFP-Nl, including AcGFP, and successfully constructed the fusion protein recombinant plasmid. After identifying by restrictive enzyme BglII/EcoRI and sequencing, pAcGFP-bFLIP(L) was then transfected into follicular granulosa cells, mediated by Lipofectamine 2000, the expression of AcGFP observed and the transcription and expression of c-FLIP(L) detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that the cattle c-FLIP(L) was successfully cloned; the pAcGFPbFLIP(L) fusion protein recombinant plasmid was successfuly constructed by introducing a BglII/EcoRI cloning site at the two ends of the c-FLIP(L) open reading frame and inserting a Kozak sequence before the start codon. AcGFP expression was detected as early as 24 h after transfection. The percentage of AcGFP positive cells reached about 65% after 24 h. A 1,483 bp transcription was amplified by RT-PCR, and a 83 kD target protein was detected by Western blot. Construction of the pAcGFP-bFLIP(L) recombinant plasmid should be helpful for further understanding the mechanism of regulation of c-FLIP(L) on bovine oocyte formation and development.

Prevalence of Senecavirus A in pigs from 2014 to 2020: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Xuhua Ran,Zhenru Hu,Jun Wang,Zhiyuan Yang,Zhongle Li,Xiaobo Wen 대한수의학회 2023 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.24 No.3

Background: Senecavirus A (SVA), a member of the family Picornaviridae, is newly discovered, which causes vesicular lesions, lameness in swine, and even death in neonatal piglets. SVA has rapidly spread worldwide in recent years, especially in Asia. Objectives: We conducted a global meta-analysis and systematic review to determine the status of SVA infection in pigs. Methods: Through PubMed, VIP Chinese Journals Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data search data from 2014 to July 26, 2020, a total of 34 articles were included in this analysis based on our inclusion criteria. We estimated the pooled prevalence of SVA in pigs by the random effects model. A risk of bias assessment of the studies and subgroup analysis to explain heterogeneity was undertaken. Results: We estimated the SVA prevalence to be 15.90% (1,564/9,839; 95% confidence interval [CI], 44.75–65.89) globally. The prevalence decreased to 11.06% (945/8,542; 95% CI, 28.25–50.64) after 2016. The highest SVA prevalence with the VP1-based RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assay was 58.52% (594/1,015; 95% CI, 59.90–83.96) and 85.54% (71/83; 95% CI, 76.68–100.00), respectively. Besides, the SVA prevalence in piglet herds was the highest at 71.69% (119/166; 95% CI, 68.61–98.43) (p < 0.05). Moreover, our analysis confirmed that the subgroups, including country, sampling year, sampling position, detected gene, detection method, season, age, and climate, could be the heterogeneous factors associated with SVA prevalence. Conclusions: The results indicated that SVA widely exists in various countries currently. Therefore, more prevention and control policies should be proposed to enhance the management of pig farms and improve breeding conditions and the environment to reduce the spread of SVA.