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Internal Mixing of Pollutants for Submicron Particles Observed during Springtime in Japan
Matsumoto, Jun,Narukawa, Masahiro,Takahashi, Kenshi,Matsumi, Yutaka,Yabushita, Akihiro,Shimizu, Atsushi,Matsui, Ichiro,Sugimoto, Nobuo Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2009 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.3 No.1
Internally mixed states of submicron particles during transport from the Asian continent to the Pacific Ocean were analyzed using a single-particle time-offlight mass spectrometer. The observation was conducted at Tsukuba in Japan in the spring of 2005 in order to investigate springtime transport of particles from the continent. The sum of ion intensities of sulfate (${HSO_4}^-$) detected in particles originating from the continental air masses counted for 75% of that in all particles during the observation. By analyzing correlations among compounds, origins and internally mixed states of compounds were estimated. It was found that nitrate was mixed with sulfate-rich particles as the air mass approached Japan. It was confirmed that Asian mineral dust particles played significant roles for transport of continental sulfate to Japan. As a result of analysis on internal mixing of chlorine and nitrate, it was implied that the chlorine loss in fine sea salt particles had already proceeded at Tsukuba. It was characteristic that fluoride ions were significantly detected, coal combustion in the Asian Continent can be an important source of fluorides detected in Japan through the westward transportation of fine particles including fluorides.
Yuichi Tomiki,Jun Aoki,Shunsuke Motegi,Rina Takahashi,Toshiaki Hagiwara,Yu Okazawa,Kosuke Mizukoshi,Masaya Kawai,Shinya Munakata,Shun Ishiyama,Kiichi Sugimoto,Kazuhiro Sakamoto 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.6
Background/Aims: Sclerotherapy with aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid (ALTA) has a potent effect on internalhemorrhoids. In this retrospective study, we compared the effects of endoscopic ALTA therapy and standard ALTA therapy. Methods: We investigated patients who underwent treatment for internal hemorrhoids at our institution between 2014 and 2016. Theywere divided into a standard ALTA group (n=33, treated using proctoscopy) and an endoscopic ALTA group (n=48). We compared theclinical findings between the 2 groups. Results: There were no intergroup differences in background factors. The mean ALTA dose was 21.9±7.2 mL and 17.8±3.4 mL inthe standard and endoscopic ALTA groups, respectively (p<0.01). Adverse events occurred in 4 patients (12.1%) from the standardALTA group and 6 patients (12.5%) from the endoscopic ALTA group. In both groups, the patients reported good satisfaction withthe therapeutic effect at 1 month after the procedure. Hemorrhoids recurred in 2 patients (6.3%) from the standard ALTA group and 4patients (8.3%) from the endoscopic ALTA group. Conclusions: Endoscopic ALTA sclerotherapy is equivalent to standard ALTA therapy in terms of efficacy, adverse events, andrecurrence. Therefore, it is a useful non-surgical option for patients with internal hemorrhoids who prefer a less invasive treatment.
Tadayuki Takagi,Mitsuru Sugimoto,Hidemichi Imamura,Yosuke Takahata,Yuki Nakajima,Rei Suzuki,Naoki Konno,Hiroyuki Asama,Yuki Sato,Hiroki Irie,Jun Nakamura,Mika Takasumi,Minami Hashimoto,Tsunetaka Kato 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.1
high tumors. Therefore, sufficient sampling of histological specimens is necessary in cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer (UR-PC). This multicenter study investigated the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) using a Franseen needlefor MSI evaluation in patients with UR-PC. Methods: A total of 89 patients with UR-PC who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) orEUS-FNB using 22-G needles at three hospitals in Japan (2018–2021) were enrolled. Fifty-six of these patients (FNB 23 and FNA 33)were followed up or evaluated for MSI. Patient characteristics, UR-PC data, and procedural outcomes were compared between patientswho underwent EUS-FNB and those who underwent EUS-FNA. Results: No significant difference in terms of sufficient tissue acquisition for histology was observed between patients who underwentEUS-FNB and those who underwent EUS-FNA. MSI evaluation was possible significantly more with tissue samples obtained usingEUS-FNB than with tissue samples obtained using EUS-FNA (82.6% [19/23] vs. 45.5% [15/33], respectively; p<0.01). In the multivariateanalysis, EUS-FNB was the only significant factor influencing the possibility of MSI evaluation. Conclusions: EUS-FNB using a Franseen needle is desirable for ensuring sufficient tissue acquisition for MSI evaluation.
Aerosol Observation with Raman LIDAR in Beijing, China
Chen-Bo Xie,Jun Zhou,Nobuo Sugimoto,Zi-Fa Wang 한국광학회 2010 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.14 No.3
Aerosol observation with Raman LIDAR in NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan) LIDAR network was conducted from 17 April to 12 June 2008 over Beijing, China. The aerosol optical properties derived from Raman LIDAR were compared with the retrieved data from sun photometer and sky radiometer observations in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The comparison provided the complete knowledge of aerosol optical and physical properties in Beijing, especially in pollution and Asian dust events. The averaged aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 675 nm was 0.81 and the Angstrom exponent between 440 nm and 675 nm was 0.99 during experiment. The LIDAR derived AOD at 532 nm in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) was 0.48, which implied that half of the total AOD was contributed by the aerosol in PBL. The corresponding averaged LIDAR ratio and total depolarization ratio (TDR) were 48.5sr and 8.1%. The negative correlation between LIDAR ratio and TDR indicated the LIDAR ratio decreased with aerosol size because of the high TDR associated with nonspherical and large aerosols. The typical volume size distribution of the aerosol clearly demonstrated that the coarse mode radius located near 3 μm in dust case, a bi-mode with fine particle centered at 0.2 μm and coarse particle at 2 μm was the characteristic size distribution in the pollution and clean cases. The different size distributions of aerosol resulted in its different optical properties. The retrieved LIDAR ratio and TDR were 41.1sr and 19.5% for a dust event, 53.8sr and 6.6% for a pollution event as well as 57.3sr and 7.2% for a clean event. In conjunction with the observed surface wind field near the LIDAR site, most of the pollution aerosols were produced locally or transported from the southeast of Beijing, whereas the dust aerosols associated with the clean air mass were transported by the northwesterly or southwesterly winds.
Enhancement of phagocytosis and cytotoxicity in macrophages by tumor-derived IL-18 stimulation?
( Hen An Xu ),( Naoka Toyota ),( Xing Yan Jiang ),( Yuuki Fujita ),( Zhi Jun Huang ),( Maki Touma ),( Qiong Wu ),( Kenkichi Sugimoto ) 생화학분자생물학회 2014 BMB Reports Vol.47 No.5
Inoculation of mice with the murine NFSA cell line caused theformation of large tumors with necrotic tumor cores. FACSanalysis revealed accumulations of CD11b+ cells in the tumors. Microarray analysis indicated that the NFSA cells expressed ahigh level of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-18 (il-18),which is known to play a critical role in macrophages. However, little is known about the physiological function ofIL-18-stimulated macrophages. Here, we provide directevidence that IL-18 enhances the phagocytosis of RAW264 cellsand peritoneal macrophages, accompanied by the increasedexpression of tumor necrosis factor (tnf-α), interleukin-6 (il-6)and inducible nitric oxide synthase (Nos2). IL-18-stimulatedRAW264 cells showed an enhanced cytotoxicity to endothelialF-2 cells via direct cell-to-cell interaction and the secretion ofsoluble mediators. Taken together, our results demonstrate thattumor-derived IL-18 plays an important role in the phagocytosisof macrophages and that IL-18-stimulated macrophages maydamage tumor endothelial cells.[BMB Reports 2014; 47(5): 286-291]