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Internal Mixing of Pollutants for Submicron Particles Observed during Springtime in Japan
Matsumoto, Jun,Narukawa, Masahiro,Takahashi, Kenshi,Matsumi, Yutaka,Yabushita, Akihiro,Shimizu, Atsushi,Matsui, Ichiro,Sugimoto, Nobuo Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2009 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.3 No.1
Internally mixed states of submicron particles during transport from the Asian continent to the Pacific Ocean were analyzed using a single-particle time-offlight mass spectrometer. The observation was conducted at Tsukuba in Japan in the spring of 2005 in order to investigate springtime transport of particles from the continent. The sum of ion intensities of sulfate (${HSO_4}^-$) detected in particles originating from the continental air masses counted for 75% of that in all particles during the observation. By analyzing correlations among compounds, origins and internally mixed states of compounds were estimated. It was found that nitrate was mixed with sulfate-rich particles as the air mass approached Japan. It was confirmed that Asian mineral dust particles played significant roles for transport of continental sulfate to Japan. As a result of analysis on internal mixing of chlorine and nitrate, it was implied that the chlorine loss in fine sea salt particles had already proceeded at Tsukuba. It was characteristic that fluoride ions were significantly detected, coal combustion in the Asian Continent can be an important source of fluorides detected in Japan through the westward transportation of fine particles including fluorides.
Photodissociation of CINO at 236 nm
Kim Hong Lae,Mo Yuxiang,Matsumi Yutaka,Kawasaki Masahiro Korean Chemical Society 1992 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.13 No.2
The fine structure branching ratio and Doppler profiles of photofragment Cl ($^{2}P_{j}$) atoms from photodissociation of CINO around 236 nm in the A band have been measured by the two photon resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization technique. The measured branching ratio, $Cl^{\ast} (^{2}P_{1/2})/Cl (^{2}P_{3/2})$ is $0.18{\pm}0.02$. The Doppler profile of Cl is well reproduced assuming that one of the two components in the photofragment translational spectra reported by Haas, Felder, and Huber [Chem. Phys. Lett., 180, 293 (1990)] should correspond to Cl and that an anisotropy parameter $\beta$ for the angular distribution is 0.45. The results suggest that CINO dissociation in the A band should consist of at least two non-crossing electronic states which correlate to the formation of $Cl^* and Cl, respectively.
Kazuyuki Matsumoto,Hironari Kato,Shigeru Horiguchi,Takeshi Tomoda,Akihiro Matsumi,Yuki Ishihara,Yosuke Saragai,Saimon Takada,Shinichiro Muro,Daisuke Uchida,Hiroyuki Okada 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.5
Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA; EUS-FNA) allows for diagnostic tissue specimens from various regions to be analyzed. However, diagnosing recurrent pancreaticobiliary cancer after surgery is sometimes difficult. We evaluated the efficacy of EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of local recurrence of pancreaticobiliary cancer and analyzed the factors associated with falsenegative results. Methods: Fifty-one consecutive patients who underwent EUS-FNA due to suspected recurrence of pancreaticobiliary cancer after surgery in an academic center were retrospectively analyzed. The criteria for EUS-FNA were a resected margin or remnant pancreas mass, round swollen lymph node (≥10 mm in diameter), and soft-tissue enhancement around a major artery. Patients with suspected liver metastasis or malignant ascites were excluded. Results: Thirty-nine of the 51 patients had pancreatic cancer; the remaining 12 had biliary cancer. The target sites for EUS-FNA were the soft tissue around a major artery (n=22, 43%), the resected margin or remnant pancreas (n=12, 24%), and the lymph nodes (n=17, 33%). The median size of the suspected recurrent lesions was 15 mm (range, 8 to 40 mm). The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EUS-FNA for the diagnosis of recurrence was 84% (32/38), 100% (13/13), and 88% (45/51), respectively. FNA of the soft tissue around major arteries (odds ratio, 8.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 166.7; p=0.033) was significantly associated with a falsenegative diagnosis in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: EUS-FNA is useful for diagnosing recurrent cancer, even after pancreaticobiliary surgery. The diagnoses of recurrence at soft-tissue sites should be interpreted with caution.
Formate-driven growth coupled with H<sub>2</sub> production
Kim, Yun Jae,Lee, Hyun Sook,Kim, Eun Sook,Bae, Seung Seob,Lim, Jae Kyu,Matsumi, Rie,Lebedinsky, Alexander V.,Sokolova, Tatyana G.,Kozhevnikova, Darya A.,Cha, Sun-Shin,Kim, Sang-Jin,Kwon, Kae Kyoung,Im Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2010 Nature Vol.467 No.7313
Although a common reaction in anaerobic environments, the conversion of formate and water to bicarbonate and H<SUB>2</SUB> (with a change in Gibbs free energy of ?G째 = +1.3??kJ??mol<SUP>??1</SUP>) has not been considered energetic enough to support growth of microorganisms. Recently, experimental evidence for growth on formate was reported for syntrophic communities of Moorella sp. strain AMP and a hydrogen-consuming Methanothermobacter species and of Desulfovibrio sp. strain G11 and Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus strain AZ. The basis of the sustainable growth of the formate-users is explained by H<SUB>2</SUB> consumption by the methanogens, which lowers the H<SUB>2</SUB> partial pressure, thus making the pathway exergonic. However, it has not been shown that a single strain can grow on formate by catalysing its conversion to bicarbonate and H<SUB>2</SUB>. Here we report that several hyperthermophilic archaea belonging to the Thermococcus genus are capable of formate-oxidizing, H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing growth. The actual ?G values for the formate metabolism are calculated to range between ??8 and ??20??kJ??mol<SUP>??1</SUP> under the physiological conditions where Thermococcus onnurineus strain NA1 are grown. Furthermore, we detected ATP synthesis in the presence of formate as a sole energy source. Gene expression profiling and disruption identified the gene cluster encoding formate hydrogen lyase, cation/proton antiporter and formate transporter, which were responsible for the growth of T. onnurineus NA1 on formate. This work shows formate-driven growth by a single microorganism with protons as the electron acceptor, and reports the biochemical basis of this ability.