TBT의 노출에 따른 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 생존, 성장 및 산소소비의 변화

강주찬,황운기,지정훈 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.3

This study was carried out to examine the effects of his (tribytyltin)oxide (TBT), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), on the changes of survival, growth and oxygen consumption rate in the oliver flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Oliver Flounders were exposed to sublethal concentration of TBT (0, 1.67, 3.20, 6.30 and 12.50㎍/L) during 6 weeks. Survival rate was decreased in a concentration and exposure period-dependent way and suddenly the reduction of more than 20% occurred at TBT concentration greater than 3.20㎍/L after exposure 6 weeks. Growth rate and feed efficiency significantly decreased at concentration greater than 3.20㎍/L. Oxygen consumption rate was also decreased in a concentration-dependent way and significantly decreased to 17, 48 and 67% than that of the control at the TBT concentration of 3.20, 6.32 and 12.50㎍/L, respectively. This study revealed that high TBT concentration (≥ 3.20㎍/L) reduced growth and oxygen consumption rates of the juvenile oliver flounder suggesting potential influence on the natural mortality of Paralichthys olivaceus in the coastal areas.

Cone beam형 전산화단층촬영법을 이용한 하악과두의 골변화에 관한 연구

이지운,김형섭,송주섭,김경아,고광준 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2007 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.37 No.3

Purpose : To assess bone changes of mandibular condyle using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) Patients. Materials and Methods : 314 temporomandibular joints (TMJs) images of 163 TMD patients were examined at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Chonbuk National University. The images were obtained by PSR9000N (Asahi Roentgen Co., Japan) and reconstructed by using Asahivision software (Asahi Roentgen Co.,Japan). The CBCT images were examined three times with four weeks interval by three radiologists. Bone changes of mandibular condyle such as flattening, sclerosis, erosion and osteophyte formation were observed in sagittal, axial, coronal and 3 dimensional images of the mandibular condyle. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 12.0. Intra-and interobserver agreement were performed by 3 radiologists without the knowledge of clinical information. Results : Osteophyte (2.9%) was found more frequently on anterior surface of the mandibular condyle. Erosion (31.8%) was found more frequently on anterior and medial surfaces of the mandibular condyle. The intraobserver agreement was good to excellent(k=0.78-0.84), but interobserver agreement was fair(k=0.45). Conclusion : CBCT can provide high qualified images of bone changes of the TMJ with axial, coronal and 3 dimensional images.

선박 전기전자기기용 서지방호장치의 제작

장운용(Un-Yong Jang),정광석(Kwang-Seok Jung),박대원(Dae-Won Park),길경석(Gyung-Suk Kil),박성주(Sung-Ju Park) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2010 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

This paper presented surge protective method and devices for shipboard electrical and electronics devices. Parallel type surge protective devices (SPD) for the 440 [V] and a series type SPD for the 220 [V] rated voltage were designed and fabricated. The performance were evaluated by an un-powered test which applies the 8/20 [㎲] surge current Lip to 10 [㎄]. The maximum clamping voltage of the parallel and the series type SPD were 1,032 [V] and 875 [V], respectively.

소월의 현실인식에 관한 연구 : 농촌을 소재로한 작품을 중심으로

윤주은 울산과학대학 1984 연구논문집 Vol.9 No.1

소월은 일제하에서 활동한 동료 시인들에 비해 저항적인 시인으로는 평가받지 못하고 있다. 이에 농촌을 소재로 한 작품 6편을 가지고 소월의 현실 인식태도를 살펴 보았다. 소월은 작품을 통해 표면에 나타난 풍성한 수확과 자연의 혜택은 농촌이 우리의 것일 때 가능함을 일깨워 주고 있다. 소월은 20년대 한국 농촌이 궁핍화, 상실화, 이주민의 요소를 지니고 있으므로 농촌을 되찾는 것이 이상향을 건설하는 길이라 인식하였다. 우리는 시인에게 초인적인 능력을 요구할 수 없다면 20년대 농촌 현실을 파악하여 작품화한 소월을 재인식하여야 할 것이다. We don't call Soh Wall a resistant poet, though we consider his colleague as resistance, who had together written poems under the rule of Japanese imperialism. Now I want to research his attitudes for actural perception with his six pieces of rural materials. He tell us, in his works, that the country can belongs to us through the advantage of nature, and that the rural community was most important in Korea. As we can't require poets to be a superman, we need to revaluate Soh Wall.

외인성 Estrogen에 노출된 조피볼락, Sebastes schiegeli 치어의 혈장 VTG과 GPT의 변화

황운기,강주찬 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Changes of plasma vitellogenin (VTG) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were examined for determining whether hepatocyte was damaged during the process of VTG induction in the juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli exposed to exogenous estrogen (estradiol-17β, E₂). Rockfishes were intraperitoneally injected with E₂(5 mg/kg B.W.) in 70% ethanol and plasma sampling were extracted at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, l5 days after E₂ administration. VTG and GPT were then analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Reitman-Frankel method, respectively. VTG band was detected at a molecular weight position of 175 kDa on Day 3 after E₂ administration. This band became more distinct at 6 days, but its was gradually thinned with time-course, and not detected at 15 days. GPT was suddenly increased at 1 days after E₂ administration and highest GPT was detected at 3 days. However, OPT was gradually decreased with time-course as the change of VTG. These results suggest that the process of VTG induction by exogenous E₂ damage to hepatocyte, and plasma GPT was temporarily increased in the juvenile rockfish.

넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus 치어의 생존, 성장 및 산소소비에 미치는 수은의 만성적 독성

강주찬,황운기,지정훈,김성길,김재원 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.1

산업활동의 증가로 인해 해양에 유입되는 수은 (Hg)이 저서성 연안정착 어류인 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus 치어의 생존, 성장, 사료효율 및 산소소비에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 6주 동안 0~0.13mg/L의 아치사 농도에서 넙치를 사육하며 Hg 독성에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. Hg 농도와 노출기간이 증가할수록 생존육은 감소했으며 6주 후, 0.05mg/L 이상의 농도 구에서 생존율이 급격히 감소했다. 성장률과 사료효율 또한, 각각 0.028mg/L (P<0.01)와 0.05mg/L (P<0.01) 이상의 농도 구에서 현저하게 감소하였다. 산소소비율은 0.05mg/L와 0.13mg/L의 농도구에서 각각 대조 구에 비해 25(P<0.01)와 32% (P<0.01) 감소해, 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 Hg 독성은 넙치의 성장, 사료효율 및 산소소비와 같은 생리적 기능을 저해해 생존율을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. Effect of mercury (Hg) toxicity on survival, growth, feed efficiency and oxygen consumption were examined in the juvenile olive flounder. Paralichthys olivaceus. Fishes were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Hg ranging from 0 to 0.13mg/L for 6 weeks. Hg reduced survival rate in a concentration and exposure period-dependent way and suddenly reduction occurred at Hg concentrations greater than 0.05mg/L after 6 weeks. Growth rate and feed efficiency also significantly decreased at greater than 0.028 and 0.05 mg/L respectively. Oxygen consumption rate was significantly decreased to 25 and 32% than that of the control at the Hg concentration of 0.05 and 0.13 mg/L respectively. These results suggest that Hg toxicity inhibit physiological function including growth, feed efficiency and oxygen consumption in the juvenile olive flounder, resulting in survival failure at high concentration.

장기간의 장거리 달리기가 골대사 마커에 미치는 영향

장성동,이은희,홍명엽,문성진,김주혁,이윤관,김영준 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.1

This study is purposed to analyse the effects of long-term & one-time 10km running exercise from bone metabolic marker change on bone metabolism. 7 male members(18.6±1.08) from a marathon club were subjected to the study. They were allowed to do long-term 10 km running training once a week for 6 months. And bone metabolism mark was determined according to the respective times : before/after 6 months training, before/after 10 km race, one day after the race, 3 days after the race. The examination items of bone metabolism mark were serum calcium, phosphorus, paratyroid hormone, osteocalcin, calcitonin, alkaline phosphatase in blood and calcium, phosphorus, deoxypyridinolin in urine. The results of study were as follows; 1) There was no change in deoxypyridinolin and alkaline phosphatase but there was significant change in calcitonin, paratyroid hormone and osteocalcin(p<.01). 2) There was no change of Calcium in serum and urine but there was significant change of phosphorus in blood(p<.01). To make a conclusion, it is determined that long-term 10 km running at low intensity and low frequency tends to restrict bone metabolism circulation, but exercise at a little high level activates bone metabolism into building up bones and absorbing bones and finally shows up high bone metabolism circulation, which is inferred to have an effective influence on bone health. It is considered there is a possibility that different exercise intensity, even same kind of exercise, influences on bone metabolism sdifferently.

海雲台砂浜의 漂砂에 관한 硏究

金熙鍾,姜周復,朴雲龍 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1982 硏究報告 Vol.6 No.2

It must be a significant problem of national standpoint as well as Busan city that the area of Hae un dae beach continues to diminish since 1976. This problem seems to be caused by the transportion of littoral drifts. Therefore, this paper intended to investigated parameters having best correlationship with the drift and be able to estimate transfer quantity in future, and besides to develop protection method to control the phenomena. 1. A primary factor of Haeun-dae seashore erosion is that the more wave steepness is, the more severe erosion is. When the value of slope is above 0.025 erosion occurs, and relatively accretion occurs when it is below 0.025. And other factor is that is that if constructions place near the shoreline, erosion will be more sever. So in case of landfilling the front of the mouth of Chun river, erosion seems to be more severe because shortage of supply-sand was caused by position deformation of the mouth of river. 2. The range of specific gravities of sands in Heaun-dae beach is 2.56-2.69. At No.23 a great deal of soil was involved, at No.33 clam-shell, sand soil were mixed and dam-shells were mainly included at No.44 3. The materials of sea-bed were sampled at point of 50m, 100m, 300m, 400m, 500m, away from the shoreline of No.23, No33, No.44, No.55, No.65 relatively. As a result of analysis of the specific gravities and median diameters, the specific gravities at both sides decrease according to the depth of water, and in the vicinity of the center a kind of cyclic phenomenon, which the specific gravities having the range of 2.76-2.27 increase and decrease in turns at intervals of 50m, appears. Near the center there are many clam-shell and S O₂, the component of pure sand is only 45.44%, so the specific gravities decrease to 2.27. 4. It seems that entrance and exit of hae un dae sand to Su-yeang, chun river from Song jeang line, recently it is assumed that it go to Hae un dae on the ground of insufficient evidence in diameter, specific gravity. 5. It was known that erosions happen is spring and autumn mainly. 6. Total erosion quantity is 15000m3 and the reduction area of beach sands is 2,230㎡ from July, 1981 to June, 1982 7. The equilibrium slope of beach sand had been step type untill 1982, 3. 17, but it has belonged to bar type since 1982.3, 17. 8. The specific gravities of the materials of sea-bed at the front of Kuk Dong hotel and the 3rd watchtower are about 2.70, Here, sands seems to be transported from land to sea at the latter, from west to south at the former. Chun-river is guessed to be a supply source of sands. But At the front of the 1stwatch tower, the specific gravity of sands is about 2. 57, which is relative light. considering that the specific gravity of sands is 2.573 in su-yeang river. At the front of Beach hotel the specific gravity is the smallest value of 2.54. Here, there are mainly clam-shells, so it is concluded that sands were transported from East-river「in song- Jeung. 9. In protection method of beach erosin, back sea dyke more than 10m(requirement model test) and construct 10m in width low step, is absorbed by it. It is to be desired that beach nourishment per 20,000㎥/year 10. To estimate the wave steepness and erosin quantity the equation, V= -338,727.3(H_0/L_0)+4898.2, was induced. 11. By the equation, V= -338727.3(H_0/L_0)+4898.2 total evosion quantify is 159,042㎥ from July. 79 to June, 82. Because Busan is the city surrounded by sea, it is absolutely necessary to be able to observe the deepwater wave height by means of wave height observation stations.

간호사의 특성분노 및 분노표현이 직무만족, 조직몰입, 조직성과에 미치는 영향

이원희,송주은,김주형,김희정,이주미,김은영 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among trait anger, anger expression, job satisfaction, job commitment, and organizational performance, and especially to verify the effect of anger experience on organizational performance. Method: A descriptive study was conducted using a convenient sample. Data were collected by a self-report questionnaire from 671 clinical nurses in three university hospitals and analyzed by using SPSS 14.0 Win program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Result: Organizational performance was significantly correlated with trait anger, anger expression-in, anger expression-out, anger control, job satisfaction, and job commitment. Multiple regression analysis showed that organizational performance was significantly predicted by job commitment, job satisfaction, educational level (university graduation), anger control, and working place (operative room), and 34.7% was explained by these variables. Conclusions: Out of anger expression, anger control significantly affected on organizational performance together with job commitment and job satisfaction. From this result, it could be concluded that nursing intervention for anger control have a positive effect on improving organizational performance. Further studies are needed to develop and test the effect of nursing intervention programs for anger control.

전기경련치료(ECT)시 뇌파의 비선형 분석 : 단일증례 연구 A Single Case Study

강웅구,이운철,정선주,윤세창,조맹제,이상훈,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

연구목적 : 비선형 분석을 통해 전기경련 치료(ECT)의 적절성 및 효과를 판정할 수 있는 새로운 변인을 추출해 낼 가능성을 탐색하기 위하여 한 여성 우울증 환자에서 ECT중 기록한 뇌파의 단일증례 분석을 하였다. 방 법 : 1주일 간격을 둔 두 ECT 회기에서 치료전 안정상태, 마취후-경련전상태, 경련상태, 경련후 뇌파억제상태, 치료후 안정상태의 다섯 상태에 따른 뇌파를 디지털 기록한 데이터를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 분석의 결과 1) 뇌파가 10차원 이하 저차원의 결정론적 성질을 가지고있으며 2) 뇌파는 비정상적(non-stationary)이지만 비선형 지수들이 각 상태 뇌파를 안정적으로 구분해 줄 수 있고 3) ECT 회기의 진행에 따라 경련중 뇌파의 결정론적 성질이 증가하며 4) ECT 회기의 진행에 따라 치료전후 안정상태 뇌파의 최대발산지수(PLE) 및 상관차원이 증가한다는 사실을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 단일증례에 대한 다양한 비선형 분석의 결과는 ECT의 치료효과를 정량화할 수 있는 변인으로서 PLE, 상관차원 등 비선형 변수들이 사용될 수 있을 가능성을 제시한다. Objectives : In order to search for new parameters for the evaluation of the adequacy of electroconvulsive therapy(ECT), the authors performed a non-linear analysis of electroencephalogram(EEG) recorded during the course of electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) in a single female patient with depression. Methods : Digitized EEG recordings from two ECT sessions spaced one week were analyzed at five different stages ; pretreatment stable, postanesthetic-preictal, ictal, postical suppression and posttreatment stable stages. Results : Our analysis showed that 1) EEG signals had low dimensional(below 10 dimensions) deterministic characteristics 2) although EEG was nonstationary signal, non-linear parameters could reliably differentiate between various stages we examined. 3) the deterministic property of ictal EEG increased according to the progression of sessions and 4) the primary Lyapunov exponent(PLE) and correlation dimension of pre- and post-treatment stable stage EEG increased according to the progression of sessions. Conclusion : In this single case study, results of various non-linear analyses suggested that non-linear variables extracted from EEG recordings during ECT may have utilities as tools for the quantitative evaluation of ECT.