Greening of Development Strategies

John A. Mathews 서울대학교 경제연구소 2013 Seoul journal of economics Vol.26 No.2

While the evidence accumulates that many countries are fashioning aspects of green development to complement their 'black, fossil-fuelled industries, the case for a wholesale adoption of green development strategies is seldom made. Instead it is frequently assumed that green development can only follow black development, and that it is only for countries that have reached a certain income level. In this paper the argument is reversed, and the case for a greening of development strategies even in the case of the poorest countries, is mounted. The advantages that can flow from a greening of development are identified and strategies for capturing these advantages, based on notions of leapfrogging and capturing latecomer advantages, are developed. The case for greening is independent of issues of global warming, but the fact that green development strategies combat climate change, and ameliorate conditions for the least advantaged, are in their favour.

Congenital hyperinsulinism: diagnostic and management challenges in a developing country – case report

Cheri Mathews John,Prakash Agarwal,Suriyakumar Govindarajulu,Sandhya Sundaram,Senthil Senniappan 대한소아내분비학회 2017 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.22 No.4

Management of congenital hyperinsulinemia of infancy (CHI) is challenging. A 4-month-old female infant with persistent hypoglycemia and elevated insulin levels was diagnosed with CHI. Gallium-68 DOTANOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan (68Ga-labeled [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N’,N’’,N’’’-tetraacetic acid]-1-NaI3-octreotide) demonstrated focal disease in the body of the pancreas. Genetic studies indicated paternal inheritance, making focal disease likely. She was started on diazoxide therapy with partial improvement in blood glucose levels. Due to a suboptimal response to diazoxide and the likelihood of focal disease amenable to surgery, a laparoscopic subtotal pancreatectomy with preservation of the head of the pancreas was performed. The biopsy demonstrated diffuse hyperplastic pancreatic islet cells on immunohistochemistry, indicative of diffuse rather than focal disease. Paternal inheritance is a recognized indicator of focal disease. Gallium-68 DOTANOC PET/CT scan is the only available imaging modality in South India as 18F-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) PET/CT scan is not available at present. A laparoscopic approach reduces the postoperative recovery time and morbidity in such patients. The absence of 18F-L-DOPA PET/CT scan and the limited supply of diazoxide makes the management of this complex condition more challenging in developing countries.

Bioresource-derived multifunctional carbon quantum dots as a fluorescence and electrochemical sensing platform for picric acid and noncytotoxic food storage application

Bony K. John,Chinnu R. Thara,Binila K. Korah,Neenamol John,Beena Mathew 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

This work deals with the synthesis of facile, water-soluble, and blue-emitting carbon quantum dots(CQDs) from Plumbago indica leaves by a hydrothermal method with a quantum yield of 16 %. The biomassPlumbago indica leaves exhibit several advances such as easy availability, cost-effectiveness, nontoxic,green source, and not requiring any sophisticated techniques to develop the sensor. The optical,morphological, structural, and compositional properties of the CQDs were confirmed by various characterizationmethods. As a fluorescent probe, CQDs exhibited good linear response to picric acid (PA) with alimit of detection (LOD) of 18 nM. The sensing mechanism involves a combination of static quenching andfluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). In the electrochemical sensing method, the differentialpulse voltammetric (DPV) technique was performed using a CQD-modified gold electrode with a LODof 0.35 nM for PA. Using fresh carrots as a model sample, the antioxidant activity of PVA, CQD, and aPVA-CQD mixture was qualitatively determined. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis of CQDs by MTT assayusing the L6 cell line confirmed its non-toxic behaviour. This work is noteworthy because it offers a newattempt to identify toxic PA from biomass-derived precursor material and finds future applications in thefood industry.

Language Assessment Literacy among Teachers in Goa : Analyses of a Survey Questionnaire and Teacher-made Tests

Antony John Kunnan,Rama Mathew,Emily Di Zhang 아시아영어교육학회 2021 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.18 No.3

Language Assessment Literacy among School-teachers in Goa : Two Teacher Scenarios

Rama Mathew,Antony John Kunnan 아시아영어교육학회 2021 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.18 No.4

This is the second part of the two-part article on language assessment literacy - in terms of understanding and classroom practice - among teachers in schools in Goa, a state in the western part of India (see Kunnan et al., 2021 for the first part). This part focuses on a qualitative analysis of data from interviews/focus group discussions as well as classroom observations. In-depth interviews and classroom observations were carried out to get a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. The article describes the narrative views of teachers and what was observed in classrooms regarding their assessment knowledge and practices. What emerged was a clear picture of two scenarios, labelled as Scenario 1 and Scenario 2. These scenarios represented quite clearly two distinct portrayals of the role and practice of assessment. The first scenario was one in which assessment was not understood and practiced in a way that is meaningful and useful from the point of view of student learning. The second scenario described a situation where assessments were meaningful.

A case study on occurrence of an unusual structure in the sodium layer over Gadanki, India

Sarkhel, Sumanta,Mathews, John D,Raizada, Shikha,Sekar, Ramanathan,Chakrabarty, Dibyendu,Guharay, Amitava,Jee, Geonhwa,Kim, Jeong-Han,Kerr, Robert B,Ramkumar, Geetha,Sridharan, Sundararajan,Wu, Qian,M TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING COMPANY 2015 EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE Vol.67 No.1

Nasalance in Cochlear Implantees

Swapna Sebastian,N Sreedevi,Anjali Lepcha,John Mathew 대한이비인후과학회 2015 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.8 No.3

Objectives. Speech intelligibility is severely affected in children with congenital profound hearing loss. Hypernasality is a problem commonly encountered in their speech. Auditory information received from cochlear implants is expected to be far superior to that from hearing aids. Our study aimed at comparing the percentages of nasality in the speech of the cochlear implantees with hearing aid users and also with children with normal hearing. Methods. Three groups of subjects took part in the study. Groups I and II comprised 12 children each, in the age range of 4–10 years, with prelingual bilateral profound hearing loss, using multichannel cochlear implants and digital hearing aids respectively. Both groups had received at least one year of speech therapy intervention since cochlear implant surgery and hearing aid fitting respectively. The third group consisted of age-matched and sex-matched children with normal hearing. The subjects were asked to say a sentence which consisted of only oral sounds and no nasal sounds (“Buy baby a bib”). The nasalance score as a percentage was calculated. Results. Statistical analysis revealed that the children using hearing aids showed a high percentage of nasalance in their speech. The cochlear implantees showed a lower percentage of nasalance compared to children using hearing aids, but did not match with their normal hearing peers. Conclusion. The quality of speech of the cochlear implantees was superior to that of the hearing aid users, but did not match with the normal controls. The study suggests that acoustic variables still exist after cochlear implantation in children, with hearing impairments at deviant levels, which needs attention. Further research needs to be carried out to explore the effect of the age at implantation as a variable in reducing nasality in the speech and attaining normative values in cochlear implantees, and also between unilateral versus bilateral implantees.

The Evolution of Lighting in South-West India from Night-Time Lights: 2012–2020

S. Sumith Satheendran,S. Smitha Chandran,John C. Mathew 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.2

Human-induced alterations of the landscape and the same driven climate changes are seriously making drastic changes in the processes on the Earth’s surface, regionally and globally. Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) night-time light datasets can precisely detect the intensity and scope of human activities. Accurate and temporal monitoring of urban areas and urban sprawls is highly imperative to the detection and assessment of regional development of a region. This study quantitatively assessed and mapped the light extents and urban region in Kerala, one of the southwest Indian states from 2012 to 2020 with the help of low light imaging day/ night band data collected from the VIIRS and utilised VIIRS night time Lights V.2 time series from the monthly averages with filtering to eliminate extraneous features such as aurora, biomass burning, and background. ISOCLUSTER based classification and the threshold methods are used for the light extent and urban region extraction respectively. The result indicated that the Kerala State experienced very high urbanization from 2012 to 2019. But in the case of 2020, there was a decrement in the radiance due to the lockdown and night curfews followed by the COVID-19 global pandemic. Normal life including transportation, industries, and business, etc. was affected much before the national lockdown in Kerala. It was proved with the help of time series data generated from mid-2019 to the end of 2020. The time-series data was generated with 580 night light datasets of NASA’s Black Marble VNP46A2 from 1st June 2019 to 31st December 2020 on daily basis.

A Method of Metallisation of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Sandwich Antenna Reflector Dish for High-Frequency Applications

Pankaj Agarwal,Vinu Viswanath,Ani K. John,Mathew Sebastian,Harikrishna S,Jigar Pandya,Sagi Sravan Kumar 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.2

CFRP sandwich structures have proved themselves as a good candidate for satellite antenna reflectors due to high bending stiffness with lower mass. Bare CFRP acts as a reflector for frequencies up to Ku-band beyond which reflective properties are insufficient. Studies are carried out by researchers to improve the reflectivity of CFRP sandwich structures and one of the widely adopted methods is metallisation of the reflective surface of CFRP. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of CFRP is much below the melting point of metals, which makes the process of metalising more challenging. This is overcome by a few approaches such as chemical vapour deposition, sputtering, and cold spray. In the present study, a unique concept of metalising the CFRP sandwich dish by co-curing it with copper-cladded polyimide film is presented. To facilitate the bond between CFRP and copper-cladded polyimide film, the resin available in CFRP prepreg itself is used during the co-curing process. The procedure was successfully adopted in a high-throughput satellite payload of ISRO missions.

Non Hepatic Surgery in Cirrhotic Patients: 10 Year Experience - Vision Beyond Nihilism

( Saurabh Galodha ),( Waliullah Siddiqui ),( Jacob Mathew ),( John Mathew ),( Manipadam ),( Abhishek Yadav ),( Mahesh S,H Ramesh ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Non hepatic surgery in cirrhotic patients has been viewed with a feeling of nihilism with reported in hospital mortality rates of 8-25%. In this study we look for risk factors associated with increased morbidity and mortality and present a positive perspective for these patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with cirrhosis undergoing nonhepatic surgery during the period from January 2007 to December 2016 was done. Child Turcot Pugh (CTP) and MELD scores, intraoperative parameters, perioperative morbidity (Clavien Dindo classification) and mortality and hospital stay was recorded. Results: 193 patients with cirrhosis underwent non-hepatic surgery. 88 patients (45%) had biliary pathology. Other groups were gastroduodenal (n=20,10%), pancreatic (n=13,6.7%), colorectal (n=15,7.5%) and hernia (n=13,6.7%). 38 patients (19.6%) underwent surgery for malignancy. Emergency surgery was done in 6 patients. 133 patients had CTP grade A while 49 patients grade B and 11 patients had grade C. Mean MELD score was 8.5 ± 5.2. Overall mean operating time was 3.1 ± 1.1 hours with mean blood loss of 105 ± 40 ml while in those undergoing major surgery (Frey’s procedure, pancreaticoduodenectomy, colorectal resections, gastrectomy) operating time was 4.5 ± 2.6 hours and blood loss was 335 ± 130 ml. Median blood transfusion requirement was 2 (1-5) PRBC in these patients. Major morbidity (Clavien Dindo > 3) was seen in 11 patients (5.6%) with majority having CTP grade C (n=6,55%). Perioperative mortality occurred in 2 patients (1%). Patients undergoing surgery in emergency had more morbidity (n=2,33%) and mortality (n=1,16%). Conclusions: In cirrhotic patients undergoing non-hepatic surgery factors associated with poor outcomes are emergency surgery, higher CTP grade and MELD score. We need to shun nihilistic attitude in these patients as better preoperative optimization and meticulous surgery lead to very good outcomes.