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Analysis of Emotional Responses for Students in a Non-Face to Face (NF2F) Learning Environment
Jiyoung Kwahk(곽지영),Yubin Won(원유빈) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
Objective: The purpose of this study is to find a solution that can improve the emotional responses of the users in non-face-to-face (NF2F) communication environments. The authors examined the positive and negative emotional responses experienced by the users in a NF2F learning environment, based on which solutions that can compensate for the shortcomings of NF2F interactions causing negative emotional responses were derived. Background: Due to the spread of COVID-19, face-to-face contact is discouraged, and we are forced to adopt NF2F methods in most working environments such as schools, companies, music concerts, festivals, art performances, etc. Especially in schools, teachers and students are enduring NF2F classes for almost two years now. Although there are many platforms available for online learning activities, the emotions felt by teachers and students who use them are not fully considered. Method: Two user survey sessions were conducted online to understand the emotional responses of the students in non-face-to-face real-time video lectures. In the first survey, overall emotional response patterns regarding NF2F classes were examined. A total of 225 people participated in the survey. They were asked to answer a series of structured questions to assess the type of emotions experienced during NF2F lectures, designed based on the Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions. In the second survey, we investigated more detailed emotional responses along with the causes with respect to each step of the user journey. A total of 150 students participated online. They were asked to answer a series of structured questions to assess the type of emotions as well as the causes of the positive or negative responses for each step of user journey of NF2F lectures. Results: The emotions most frequently felt by the users of non-face-to-face lectures include: serenity (87%), boredom (84%), distraction (80%), acceptance (65%), apprehension (65%), and annoyance (60%). Among the steps of the user journey, users experienced negative emotions most frequently in connecting to the classes, waiting rooms, audio-visual settings, attendance check, sharing screens, and asking questions. Conclusion: Solutions to resolve the causes of the negative emotional responses were suggested based on the results. Application: This study is a basic research for vitalizing non-face-to-face industries by developing an Affective Intelligence Model that supports the interactions for remote or virtual working environments, which has recently emerged as an essential requirement for global industrial competitiveness in the post-pandemic era.
박규동,Jiyoung Kwahk,Sung H. Han,Minseok Song,Dong Gu Choi,장혜지,Dohyeon Kim,Young Deok Won,In Sub Jeong 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.3
Although the automotive industry has been among the sectors that best-understands the importance of drivers’ affect, the focus of design and research in the automotive field has long emphasized the visceral aspects of exterior and interior design. With the adoption of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), endowing ‘semi-autonomy’ to the vehicles, however, the scope of affective design should be expanded to include the behavioural aspects of the vehicle. In such a ‘sharedcontrol’ system wherein the vehicle can intervene in the human driver’s operations, a certain degree of ‘intrusive feelings’ are unavoidable. For example, when the Lane Keeping Assistance System (LKAS), one of the most popular examples of ADAS, operates the steering wheel in a dangerous situation, the driver may feel interrupted or surprised because of the abrupt torque generated by LKAS. This kind of unpleasant experience can lead to prolonged negative feelings such as irritation, anxiety, and distrust of the system. Therefore, there are increasing needs of investigating the driver’s affective responses towards the vehicle’s dynamic behaviour. In this study, four types of intrusive feelings caused by LKAS were identified to be proposed as a quantitative performance indicator in designing the affectively satisfactory behaviour of LKAS. A metric as well as a statistical data analysis method to quantitatively measure the intrusive feelings through the vehicle sensor log data.
IoT Intelligence의 정의 및 특성 분석 Defining and Analyzing IoT Intelligence
Mingyu Lee,Jiyoung Kwahk,Sung H. Han,Minseok Song,Minsu Cho,Youngin Koh,Dohyeon Kim,Seokmin Oh,Hwanchul Kim,Gunho Chae,Jinyoung Lee 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11
This study aims to define IoT intelligence and its characteristics. Advances in the field of information and communication technology have allowed the devices to be connected to the network. It allows the users to monitor and control the devices anytime and anywhere. With the data collected by the IoT devices, it is possible to understand the behaviors and intention of the users. The devices can provide services suitable for the situation and the intention, which are called intelligent services or personalized services. Accordingly, intelligent IoT services are being developed and launched. But most are designed with a technology focus, so those are featureless and fail to provide a satisfying experience for users. To provide a better experience for the users, it is necessary to understand IoT intelligence with the user"s viewpoint. This study defined IoT intelligence as a system that senses/understands the behaviors of users and their context and provides assistive services with a certain degree of autonomy and rationality in an IoT environment. And we derived its characteristics from two perspectives; IoT intelligence service types and IoT intelligence maturity levels. The results of this study can be used to develop new IoT services in the future.
Identifying Factors Affecting the User Satisfaction of a Lane Keeping Assistance System
Hyeji Jang,Jiyoung Kwahk,Sung H. Han 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11
The aim of this study is to identify and understand the factors affecting user satisfaction of a Lane Keeping Assistance System (LKAS). LKAS, which is a type of an Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS), helps drivers to keep the lane by engaging in the control of the steering wheel. When developing LKAS, the designers evaluate LKAS through objective measures relevant to the lane keeping performance, rather than driver’s subjective satisfaction. This approach cannot completely reflect the user satisfaction of LKAS. It is necessary to analyze and identify the factors affecting the user satisfaction of LKAS from the drivers’ viewpoint. In this study, the factors that may affect the user satisfaction of LKAS are extracted by surveying drivers who have LKAS experience. Based on the experience, participants rated and added comments for each factor extracted from the previous studies. The factors that significantly influence the user satisfaction of LKAS are found by a statistical analysis and discussed along with collected comments. The results imply that trust, non-intrusiveness, and confidence are the significant factors for the user satisfaction. The results of this study can provide useful insights when designing and improving LKAS.