Fermented cottonseed meal improves production performance and reduces fat deposition in broiler chickens

Niu Jun Li,Wei Lian Qing,Luo Yuan Qing,Yang Wen Ting,Lu Qi Cheng,Zheng Xin Xia,Niu Yu Jie,Sheng Wen,Cheng Hong,Zhang Wen Ju,Nie Cun Xi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by Candida tropicalis until 42 days old. In the experiment, the chickens of the control group were fed soybean meal. Results: FCSM supplementation linearly decreased the feed conversion ratio from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of carcass and semi-eviscerate increased in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at d 21 (p<0.05). The percentage of eviscerated and semi-eviscerate of 3FCSM was higher than that in other groups at d 35 (p<0.05). At the age of 42 d, the percentage of carcass increased in a quadratic way among increasing FCSM in diets (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat thickness linearly decreased with the increasing levels of FCSM at d 21 (p<0.05). Gompertz and Logistic functions provided a better fit on abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, respectively. The best fitted equation predicted that the maximum growth rate of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness occurred at d 28. FCSM had no significant effects on the shape of growth curve of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness, but reduced the height of the curve. Birds receiving the 6FCSM diet for 21 d had smaller adipocyte surface and lower serum glucose as well as triglyceride concentration. Conclusion: FCSM is beneficial for broiler chickens as it positively affects their growth and carcass in addition to altering their fat deposition. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens.Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by <i>Candida tropicalis</i> until 42 days old. In the experiment, the chickens of the control group were fed soybean meal.Results: FCSM supplementation linearly decreased the feed conversion ratio from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of carcass and semi-eviscerate increased in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at d 21 (p<0.05). The percentage of eviscerated and semi-eviscerate of 3FCSM was higher than that in other groups at d 35 (p<0.05). At the age of 42 d, the percentage of carcass increased in a quadratic way among increasing FCSM in diets (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat thickness linearly decreased with the increasing levels of FCSM at d 21 (p<0.05). Gompertz and Logistic functions provided a better fit on abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, respectively. The best fitted equation predicted that the maximum growth rate of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness occurred at d 28. FCSM had no significant effects on the shape of growth curve of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness, but reduced the height of the curve. Birds receiving the 6FCSM diet for 21 d had smaller adipocyte surface and lower serum glucose as well as triglyceride concentration.Conclusion: FCSM is beneficial for broiler chickens as it positively affects their growth and carcass in addition to altering their fat deposition.

Nitric Oxide-induced Protein S-nitrosylation Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Accelerates Post-ovulatory Aging of Oocytes in Cattle

Niu, Ying-Jie,Zhou, Dongjie,Zhou, Wenjun,Nie, Zheng-Wen,Kim, Ju-Yeon,Oh, YoungJin,Lee, So-Rim,Cui, Xiang-Shun The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biot 2020 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Nitric oxide (NO)-induced protein S-nitrosylation triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and was related to cell senescence. However, the exact mechanism of these damages is not clear. In the present study, to investigate the relationship between in vitro aging and NO-induced protein S-nitrosylation, oocytes were treated with sodium nitroprusside dihydrate (SNP), and the resultant S-nitrosylated proteins were detected through biotin-switch assay. The results showed that levels of protein S-nitroso thiols (SNO)s and expression of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) increased, while activity and function of mitochondria were impaired during oocyte aging. Addition of SNP, a NO donor, to the oocyte culture led to accelerated oocyte aging, increased mitochondrial dysfunction and damage, apoptosis, ATP deficiency, and enhanced ROS production. These results suggested that the increased NO signal during oocyte aging in vitro, accelerated oocyte degradation due to increased protein S-nitrosylation, and ROS-related redox signaling.

[발표논문] 동아시아의 시각에서 본 蚩尤 및 蚩尤文化

Niu Lin-jie (우림걸) 한.중.일 비교문화연구소 2009 한·중·일 비교문화연구소 간행물 Vol.1 No.-

Phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 regulates mitochondrial morphology in mammalian embryos

Ying-Jie NIU,Kyung-Tae SHIN,Xiang-Shun CUI 한국생물공학회 2019 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.4

C-Phycocyanin Protects against Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Early Porcine Embryos

Ying-Jie Niu,Kyung-Tae Shin,Wenjun Zhou,Zheng-Wen Nie,Junchul David Yoon,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) is a biliprotein enriched in blue-green algae that is known to possess antioxidant, antiapoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and radical-scavenging properties in somatic cells. But the protective effect of C-PC on porcine embryo developmental competence in in vitro is little known. In the present study, we investigated the effect of C-PC on the development of porcine early embryos as well as the underlying its mechanisms. Different concentrations of C-CP (1, 2, 5, 8, 10 μg/mL) was added to the porcine zygote medium 5 (PZM-5) during in vitro culture. The results showed that 5 μg/mL C-PC significantly increased blastocyst formation. Blastocyst formation and its quality were significantly increased in 50 μM H2O2 treatment group following 5μg/mL C-PC addition. C-PC prevented H2O2-induced compromise of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome C from the mitochondria and reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, apoptosis, DNA damage level and autophagy in the blastocysts were attenuated by supplement of C-PC in H2O2-induce doxidativ injury group compared with control.Taken together, these results suggest that C-PC has beneficial effects on the development of porcine parthenotes by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

A New Analytic Solution to Determine Internal Load of Small Span Suspension Bridge

Wen-jie Niu,Hai-tao Yu 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.4

Until now, no available analytic solution considering suspender deformation was given to determine cable tension load at the middle of cable and suspender internal load of suspension bridge. Firstly, the classical theory without suspender deformation was taken to study the sag effect on the internal load of suspension bridge. Results indicate that the tension load at all cable points decreases when the sag increases. A procedure using Müller-Breslau principle to determine the moment and shear force influence line of the stiffening girder in the wire suspension bridge was given, and validated by the influence line given by the classical theory. Secondly, a new analytic solution considering suspender deformation was given to determine cable tension load at midpoint and the internal load of suspenders. The new analytic solution is more reasonable than the classical theory in theory. According to the new analytic solution, the cable tension load gets peak value when the unit live load Pi applies at the middle of stiffening girder, while the internal tension loads in all suspenders reach equal maximum value. Then a linear static model was built in ANSYS ignoring large displacement, initial strain and Ernst’s modulus of elasticity. Results using the new analytic solution compare well with benchmark simulations from ANSYS. So, the proposed analytic solution is a quick and easy way to approximately determine the internal load of small span suspension bridge.

Scattering and Absorption Coefficients of Aerosols in a Semi-Arid Area in China: Diurnal Cycle, Seasonal Variability and Dust Events

Sheng-jie Niu,Qiu-ying Zhang 한국기상학회 2010 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.46 No.1

The authors investigated variations of aerosol scattering and absorptive properties in a semi-arid climate Observatory in the Inner Mongolia of China and factors affecting the variation. They use integrated nephelometer and aethalometer observations collected in 2005 and 2006 at the Silinhot Observatory. The results are as follows. 1) in autumn and winter, the diurnal cycle of scattering coefficient exhibited a clear bi-modal variation, and the scattering coefficient was indicative of the type of sandy weather. 2) The concentration of black carbon (BC) aerosols was much higher in winter than in the other seasons with an evident bimodal diurnal variation. 3) When the wind speed was lower than 3.5 m s-1, the dilution effect of air evidently influenced the scattering coefficient and BC mass concentration; for the wind speed above 3.5 m s-1, there appeared to be little correlation between wind speed and scattering coefficient or BC mass concentration. 4) Atmospheric visibility calculated from the aerosol scattering and absorptive coefficients was in good agreement with the direct observation of visibility. 5) Absorption by aerosols accounted for 25% of the total extinction in December.

Protective Effects of C-phycocyanin on Developmental Competence of Pig Parthenotes

Ying-Jie Niu,Jing Guo,Kyung-Tae Shin,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) is a biliprotein enriched in blue-green algae that is known to possess antioxidant, antiapoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and radical-scavenging properties in somatic cells. But the protective effect of C-PC on porcine embryo developmental competence in in vitro is little known. In the present study, we investigated the effect of C-PC on the development of porcine early embryos as well as the underlying its mechanisms. Different concentrations of C-CP (1, 2, 5, 8, 10 μg/mL) was added to the porcine zygote medium 5 (PZM-5) during in vitro culture. The results showed that 5 μg /mL C-PC significantly increased blastocyst formation. Blastocyst formation and its quality were significantly increased in 50 μM H2O2 treatment group following 5 μg/mL C-PC addition. C-PC prevented H2O2-induced compromise of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, apoptosis, DNA damage level and autophagy in the blastocysts were attenuated by supplement of C-PC in H2O2-induced oxidative injury group compared with control. Taken together, these results suggest that C-PC has beneficial effects on the development of porcine parthenotes by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

TIP60 Contributes to DNA Damage Repair during Early Embryonic Development in Pig

Ying-Jie Niu,Jing Guo,Kyung-Tae Shin,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.05

The acetyltransferase Tip60 (Kat5) is a member of the MYST family of HATs that was initially identified as a cellular protein. TIP60 acetylates histone and non-histone proteins, and is involved in diverse biological processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle, and DNA damage responses. In this study, a specific inhibitor of TIP60, Nu 9056, was used to study the function and its regulatory mechanism of Tip60 in the porcine preimplantation embryonic development. The results showed that inhibition of TIP60 impaired the embryonic development due to induce DNA damage through ATM-p53-p21 pathway, it was evidenced by expression of γH2A in the nuclei of blastocysts. In addition, TIP60 inhibition decreased efficiency of DNA repair by regulating P53 binding protein 1 expression. Furthermore, autophagy was induced following TIP60 inhibition through modulating microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 expression. In conclusion, the results suggest that TIP60 plays a critical role in early embryonic development via regulation of DNA damage and its repairs.

Nitric Oxide-induced Protein S-nitrosylation Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Accelerates Post-ovulatory Aging of Oocytes in Cattle

Ying-Jie Niu,Dongjie Zhou,Wenjun Zhou,Zheng-Wen Nie,Ju-Yeon Kim,YoungJin Oh,So-Rim Lee,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2020 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.35 No.1

Nitric oxide (NO)-induced protein S-nitrosylation triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and was related to cell senescence. However, the exact mechanism of these damages is not clear. In the present study, to investigate the relationship between in vitro aging and NO-induced protein S-nitrosylation, oocytes were treated with sodium nitroprusside dihydrate (SNP), and the resultant S-nitrosylated proteins were detected through biotin-switch assay. The results showed that levels of protein S-nitroso thiols (SNO)s and expression of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) increased, while activity and function of mitochondria were impaired during oocyte aging. Addition of SNP, a NO donor, to the oocyte culture led to accelerated oocyte aging, increased mitochondrial dysfunction and damage, apoptosis, ATP deficiency, and enhanced ROS production. These results suggested that the increased NO signal during oocyte aging in vitro, accelerated oocyte degradation due to increased protein S-nitrosylation, and ROS-related redox signaling.