Staurosporine Induced Apoptosis Rapidly Downregulates TDP-43 in Glioma Cells

Nan, Yi-Nan,Zhu, Jing-Yan,Tan, Yan,Zhang, Qi,Jia, William,Hua, Qian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

TDP-43 is a ubiquitously expressed DNA/RNA binding protein that has recently attracted attention for its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases. While TDP-43 has been found to participate in various important cellular activities including stress and apoptosis, little is known about its role in cancer cells. Here we report that staurosporine (STS) induced apoptosis in U87 glioma cells is associated with rapid downregulation of TDP-43 at both mRNA and protein levels. The latter is dependent on activation of caspase 3. More importantly, we have shown that knockdown of TDP-43 by specific siRNA dramatically enhanced cytotoxicity of STS. These results suggest that normal level of TDP-43 may be protective for cancer cells under apoptotic insult.

Betulin Targets Lipin1/2-Meidated P2X7 Receptor as a Therapeutic Approach to Attenuate Lipid Accumulation and Metaflammation

( Jia-yi Dou ),( Yu-chen Jiang ),( Zhong-he Hu ),( Kun-chen Yao ),( Ming-hui Yuan ),( Xiao-xue Bao ),( Mei-jie Zhou ),( Yue Liu ),( Zhao-xu Li ),( Li-hua Lian ),( Ji-xing Nan ),( Yan-ling Wu ) 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.3

The present study focused on the potential mechanism of betulin (BT), a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the bark of white birch (Betula pubescens), against chronic alcohol-induced lipid accumulation and metaflammation. AML-12 and RAW 264.7 cells were administered ethanol (EtOH), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or BT. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets containing 5% EtOH for 4 weeks, followed by single EtOH gavage on the last day and simultaneous treatment with BT (20 or 50 mg/kg) by oral gavage once per day. In vitro, MTT showed that 0-25 mM EtOH and 0-25 μM BT had no toxic effect on AML-12 cells. BT could regulate sterolregulatory-element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), lipin1/2, P2X7 receptor (P2X7r) and NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) expressions again EtOH-stimulation. Oil Red O staining also indicated that BT significantly reduced lipid accumulation in EtOH-stimulated AML-12 cells. Lipin1/2 deficiency indicated that BT might mediate lipin1/2 to regulate SREBP1 and P2X7r expression and further alleviate lipid accumulation and inflammation. In vivo, BT significantly alleviated histopathological changes, reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglyceride (TG) levels, and regulated lipin1/2, SREBP1, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α/γ (PPARα/γ) and PGC-1α expression compared with the EtOH group. BT reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors and blocked the P2X7r-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Collectively, BT attenuated lipid accumulation and metaflammation by regulating the lipin1/2-mediated P2X7r signaling pathway.

2-Hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone from Hedyotis diffusa Willd induces apoptosis in human leukemic U937 cells through modulation of MAPK pathways

Nan Wang,Dong-Yang Li,Hui-Yan Niu,Yi Zhang,Ping He,Jia-He Wang 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.6

The herb of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (H. diffusaWilld), an annual herb distributed in northeastern Asia, hasbeen known as a traditional orientalmedicine for the treatmentof cancer. Recently, Chinese researchers have discovered thattwo anthraquinones isolated from a water extract of H. diffusaWilld showed apoptosis-inducing effects against cancer cells. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsiblefor this phenomenon are poorly understood. The current studydetermines the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK) in human leukemic U937 cells apoptosis inducedby 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone from H. diffusa. Ourresults showed that 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone decreasedphosphorylation-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), and increasedp-p38MAPK, but did not affect expressions of p-JNK1/2 inU937 cells. Moreover, treatment of U937 cells with2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone resulted in activation ofcaspase-3. Furthermore, PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor)significantly enhanced 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinoneinducedapoptosis in U937 cells, whereas caspase-3 inhibitoror SB203580 (p-p38MAPK inhibitor), decreased apoptosis inU937 cells. Taken together, our study for the first time suggeststhat 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone is able toenhance apoptosis of U937 cells, at least in part, throughactivation of p-p38MAPK and downregulation of p-ERK1/2. Moreover, the triggering of caspase-3 activation mediatedapoptotic induction.

Realistic FDTD Simulations of Plasmonic Properties on Ag Columnar Thin Films as SERS Biosensor

Yan-Juan Liao,Jing-Nan Huang,Jia-Yang Guo,Shao-Ji Jiang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.10

Noble metal sculptured thin films are of great interest during last decade as excellent surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates due to remarkable plasmonic properties in the visible and near-infrared range. In this work, Ag columnar thin films (Ag-CTFs) have been prepared by the glancing angle deposition technique. Finite-difference time-domain simulations has been utilized to study plasmonic properties of Ag-CTFs with a more accurate model based on binary scanning electron microscope (SEM) images by taking account of the shape irregularities, size distributions and random arrangement. The calculated absorption spectra based on the model of binarized SEM images show the best agreement with the measured spectra compared with models of periodic array with a regular shape. The near-field plasmonic properties are simulated based on the verified model. The distributions of electric field enhancement and hot spots are confirmed to be spectral and polarization dependent. There are multiple resonance peaks from visible to near-infrared and multiple eigenmodes coexist at the same wavelength and electric field enhancement are mainly excited by the polarized light vertical to the gap orientation. The electric field enhancement is found to distribute unevenly in the films with surface-localized feature. The equations to calculate the simulation SERS enhancement factor (EF) and total number of hot spots (tHN) are modified according to the above discussions. The experimental SERS EFs are on the order of 107 – 108 , which indicates the high sensitivity of the films and the simulation SERS EFs and tHNs show good agreement with the experimental EFs. It is found that the SERS performance of Ag-CTFs is decided by both the cross-section structural characteristics and film thickness, which affect the electric filed enhancement and number of adsorbed molecules, respectively. Our work could be helpful in understanding the SERS mechanism and useful to the optimization of metal sculptured thin films for designing SERS biosensor.

Multiple Impairments in Male Reproduction 1 (mimr1), a Novel Male-Sterile Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, Shows Several Defects in Male Reproductive Development

Hai-Yan Chen,Yue-Feng Guan,Xue-Yong Huang,Yu-Ting Wu,Fen-Fei Wang,Ju-Fang Gao,Que Zhou,Zhong-Nan Yang,Jia-Yao Liu,Hong-Xia Zhang 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.3

We have characterized a new male-sterile mutant in Arabidopsis that exhibits conditional sterility but has restored fertility when drought-stressed. This mutant,multiple impairments in male reproduction 1 (mimr1),shows pleiotropic defects in both vegetative and reproductive development. Examination with dissecting and scanning electron microscopes revealed that its pollen grains are not effectively released from the anther locule after dehiscence, and anther differentiation is defective. Growth of the style and stamen filaments are also abnormal. Histological analysis demonstrated that these phenomena are due not only to a noticeably reduced extension of the stamen but also greater elongation of the pistil. Genetic analysis indicated that mimr1 is a single locus recessive nuclear mutant. The mutation can be mapped to a locus strongly linked to a 1200-kb region on Chromosome 3. Meta-analysis of expression patterning presented several candidate genes in that region. No mutants with similar phenotypes have previously been reported, suggesting that mimr1 is a novel male-sterile locus. Characterization of MIMR1 will provide further insights into the molecular basis for the development of plant reproductive organs.

Application of Lobaplatin in Trans-catheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Primary Hepatic Carcinoma

Wang, Nan,Lv, Yin-Zhang,Xu, An-Hui,Huang, Yan-Rong,Peng, Ling,Li, Jia-Rui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Objective: To explore the efficiency of single application of lobaplatin in tran-scatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with a primary hepatic carcinoma who were unable or unwilling to undergo surgery. Methods: 173 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma diagnosed by imaging or pathology were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and respectively treated with lobaplatin and pirarubicin hydrochloride as chemotherapeutic drugs for TACE. The amount of iodipin was regulated according to the tumor number and size, and then gelatin sponge or polyvinyl alcohol particles were applied for embolisms. The efficiency of treatment in the two groups was compared with reference to survival time and therapeutic response. Results: The experimental group (single lobaplatin as chemotherapy drug) was superior to control group (single pirarubicin hydrochloride as chemotherapy drug) in the aspects of survival time and therapeutic response, with statistical significance. Conclusions: Single lobaplatin can be as a chemotherapy drug in TACE and has better efficiency in the aspects of mean survival time and therapeutic response, deserving to be popularized in the clinic.

Significant Association of Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer: a Meta-Analysis

Chen, Nan,Wang, Jia-Rong,Huang, Lin,Yang, Yang,Jiang, Ya-Mei,Guo, Xiao-Jiang,He, Ya-Zhou,Zhou, Yan-Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5

Background: Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase(AMACR) is thought to play key roles in diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. However, studies of associations between AMACR gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk reported inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted the present meta-analysis to clarify the link between AMACR gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu databases. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of any association between AMACR polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk. Subgroup analyses by ethnicity, source of controls, quality control and sample size were also conducted. Results: Five studies covering 3,313 cases and 3,676 controls on five polymorphisms (D175G, M9V, S201L, K277E and Q239H) were included in this meta-analysis. Significant associations were detected between prostate cancer and D175G (dominant model: OR=0.89, 95%CI=0.80-0.99, P=0.04) and M9V (dominant model: OR=0.87, 95%CI=0.78-0.97, P=0.01) polymorphisms as well as that in subgroup analyses. We also observed significant decreased prostate cancer risk in the dominant model (OR=0.90, 95%CI=0.81-0.99, P=0.04) for the S201L polymorphism. However, K277E and Q239H polymorphisms did not appear to be related to prostate cancer risk. Conclusions: The current meta-analysis indicated that D175G and M9V polymorphisms of the AMACR gene are related to prostate cancer. The S201L polymorphism might also be linked with prostate cancer risk to some extent. However, no association was observed between K277E or Q239H polymorphisms and susceptibility to prostate cancer.

Distinctions Between Clinicopathological Factors and Prognosis of Alpha-fetoprotein Negative and Positive Hepatocelluar Carcinoma Patients

Xu, Jia,Liu, Chang,Zhou, Lei,Tian, Feng,Tai, Ming-Hui,Wei, Ji-Chao,Qu, Kai,Meng, Fan-Di,Zhang, Ling-Qiang,Wang, Zhi-Xin,Zhang, Jing-Yao,Chang, Hu-Lin,Liu, Si-Nan,Xu, Xin-Shen,Song, Yan-Zhou,Liu, Jun,Z Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a significant marker for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, some proportion of liver cancer patients are AFP-negative (AFP ${\leq}$20ng/ml). In order to study the differences between clinicopathological factors and prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein negative and positive patients, a total of 114 cases (41 AFP-negative and 73 AFP-positive) were selected for our research. By systematically statistical analysis, the results demonstrated that compared with AFP-negative patients, AFP-positive examples were more likely to feature cirrhosis nodules, non-complete neoplasm capsules, and a poor Edmondson-steiner grade. Furthermore, AFP-negative patients demonstrated a favorable long-term prognosis. By univariate analysis and multivariate analysis with Cox's proportional hazards model, multiple tumors were found to be independent risk factors for worse survival of AFP negative patients; however, less tumor-free margins, multiple tumors and Edmondson-steiner grades III/IV, proved to be independent risk factors leading to a poor prognosis of AFP positive cases. Finally, we can infer that high levels of AFP signify a highly malignant tumor and unfavorable prognosis.

High-j Proton h11/2 and g7/2 Intruder Bands in 113In

Ma Ke Yan,Lu Jing Bin,Ma Ying Jun,Li Jian,Yang Dong,Sun Wu Ji,Wang Hao,Pan Hao Nan,Wang Jia Qi,Yang Qing Yu,Zhang Da Ming,Zhu Li Hua,Wu Xiao Guang,Zheng Yun,Li Cong Bo 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.76 No.12

Excited states of 113In have been populated through the heavy-ion fusion evaporation reaction 110Pd(7Li, 4n)113In. A new band with the configuration of a proton d5/2 orbital is identified. Two ΔI = 2 intruder bands, built on the πh11/2 and the πg7/2 orbitals, have been extended to spins (63/2-)ħ and (55/2+)ħ, respectively. The negative-parity πh11/2 intruder band shows a smooth increase in aligned spin, which is attributed to a strong proton-neutron interaction. The properties of the positive-parity πg7/2 band are discussed based on tilted axis cranking model calculations, and the features of the antimagnetic rotation for this band are shown after backbend. Furthermore, the contributions of the two-shears-like mechanism, the neutron (gd)ν shell and the core rotation are investigated for the positive-parity πg7/2 band.

Phenolic composition and nutritional attributes of diaphragma juglandis fructus and shell of walnut (Juglans regia L.)

Qiang Hu,Jia Liu,Jun Li,Hui Liu,Nan Dong,Yang-yang Geng,Yang Lu,Yan Wang 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.2

Phenolic composition and nutritional attributes of diaphragma juglandis fructus (Djf) and walnut shells (Ws) were investigated. Phenolic acids, hydroxybenzoic acid, isoflavone, and flavone were identified in the free phenolic fractions (FPFs) of both Djf and Ws. Bound phenolic fractions were less than FPFs both in content and diversity. The soluble dietary fiber contents of Djf and Ws were 25.56 g/100 g and 9.5 g/100 g, respectively. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids (1912.28 mg/kg and 9137.56 mg/kg, respectively) were significantly higher than that of saturated fatty acid both in Djf and Ws. The content of essential amino acids in Djf (9.67 mg/g) was significantly higher than that in Ws. More than eight types of monosaccharides were detected in Djf and Ws. The monosaccharide content of Djf (314.16 mg/g) was significantly higher than that of Ws (60.97 mg/g). Trehalose was the predominant component both in Djf (71.2%) and Ws (78.6%).