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Basic considerations on magnesium in the management of neurocritical patients
Lozada-Martinez Ivan David,Padilla-Durán Teddy Javier,Jhon Jairo González-Monterroza,Daniel Alfonso Aguilar-Espinosa,Kelly Nathalia Molina-Perea,William Camargo-Martinez,Luz Llamas-Medrano,Mariana Hur 대한신경집중치료학회 2021 대한신경집중치료학회지 Vol.14 No.2
Magnesium is an essential chemical element in human life. In the brain, it is physiologically responsible for a large number of processes involved in intracellular homeostasis, blood-brain barrier integrity, protein synthesis, neuronal proliferation, aging, and apoptosis. Considering that neurocritical care is a relatively new discipline in certain regions of the world and is an independent protective factor of neurological diseases in critical care, it is essential to disseminate basic concepts and utilities of tools that can positively impact the neurological disease burden. Magnesium and its use in neurocritical care are poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to review basic concepts regarding the physiology of magnesium in neurological dynamics, its role in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, and the outcome of its use in the management of neurocritical illnesses.
Safety of Nonoperative Management After Acute Diverticulitis
Javier Suarez Alecha,Sonia Amoza Pais,Xavi Batlle Marin,Begoña Oronoz Martinez,Enrique Balen Ribera,Concepción Yarnoz Irazabal 대한대장항문학회 2014 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.30 No.5
Purpose: The role of surgery in the management of diverticular disease after an episode of acute diverticulitis (AD) managed in a conservative form is evolving. Age, number of episodes of AD, type of episode, and symptoms after the episodes are factors related to the need for elective surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of conservative management and the risk factors for emergency surgery after a first episode of AD managed without surgery. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 405 patients diagnosed as having had a first episode of AD. Sixty-nine patients underwent emergency surgery on the first admission, and 69 patients had an elective operation in the follow-up (group A). The remaining 267 patients were managed initially without surgery (group B). Thirteen of these 267 patients needed a further urgent surgical procedure. Factors involved in the decision of elective surgery and the probability of emergency surgery after the first episode of AD managed without surgery were evaluated in relation to demographic factors, risk factors, presence of recurrences, and type of the first episode. Results: Patients, mean age was 62.7 years, 71 were aged less than 51, and 151 were males. The mean follow-up for patients with nonoperative management was 91.2 months. An elective operation was performed in 69 patients. Compared to patients in group B, those in group A more frequently had a first episode of complicated acute diverticulitis (CAD) (37.1% vs. 16.4%; P = 0.000) and were more likely to be smokers (46.3% vs. 19.3%; P = 0.000) and to suffer more than one episode of AD (42% vs. 26.9%; P = 0.027). Nonoperative management was chosen for 267 patients, but 13 patients needed an emergency operation later. In the multivariate analysis, we found a significant relation between the presence of CAD in the first episode and the need for emergency surgery. There were no differences in surgical mortality between the patients in the two groups, but patients treated with elective surgery had a higher rate of stoma than patients treated non-operatively (7.2% vs. 1.4%; P = 0.028); this difference was not observed in the subgroup of patients with CAD (15.3% vs. 6.8%; P = 0.458). Conclusion: After an episode of AD, nonoperative management is safe because fewer than 5% of patients will need an emergent procedure in a subsequent attack of AD. A first episode of CAD is the only risk factor for emergency surgery in patients managed conservatively.
( Cristina Martinez ),( Ana Gonzalez Castro ),( Maria Vicario ),( Javier Santos ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2012 Gut and Liver Vol.6 No.3
The etiopathogenesis of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, is not well known. The most accepted hypothesis is that IBS is the result of the disturbance of the ``brain-gut axis.`` Although the pathophysiological mechanisms of intestinal dysfunction are complex and not completely understood, stress, infections, gut flora, and altered immune response are thought to play a role in IBS development. The intestinal barrier, composed of a single-cell layer, forms a physical barrier that separates the intestinal lumen from the internal milieu. The loss of integrity of this barrier is related with mucosal immune activation and intestinal dysfunction in IBS. The number of mast cells and T lymphocytes is increased in the intestinal mucosa of certain IBS patients, and the mediators released by these cells could compromise the epithelial barrier function and alter nerve signaling within the enteric nervous system. The association of clinical symptoms to structural and functional abnormali-ties of the mucosal barrier in IBS patients highlights the importance of understanding the physiological role of the gut barrier in the pathogenesis of this disorder. This review sum-marizes the clinical and experimental evidences indicating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of IBS symptomatol-ogy, and its relevance for future translational research. (Gut Liver 2012;6:305-315)
Marco Stoller,Javier Miguel Ochando Pulido,Luca Di Palma,Antonio Martinez Ferez 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.30 No.-
In this work, the benefit of using photocatalysis as a pretreatment step for a subsequent olive millwastewater (OMW) treatment process by membranes will be discussed. Membrane processes appear to be suitable to purify aqueous wastewater streams polluted by organicmatter such as OMW, but suffer severe fouling. In order to avoid fouling, the use of operating conditionsbelow the boundary flux is suggested. The problem is that in many cases, boundary flux values areextremely low, making the process economically not feasible. In order to overcome this limitation,pretreatment steps are necessary to increase boundary flux values accordingly. Photocatalysis appears tobe capable to achieve these requirements: on one hand, the process is capable to reduce the organic loadof the feedstock and on the other hand, particle size distributions of the suspended organic matter arechanged. Both principles are known in literature to lead to boundary flux value changes. In this paper the authors report the obtained results of the experimental work concerningphotocatalysis and membrane performances.
30kW DC-DC Converters with Regenerative Mode for Electric Cars
Federico Ibanez,Javier Vadillo,Miguel Martinez-Iturralde Maiz,Jose Martin Echeverria 전력전자학회 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.2
This paper presents a design of a 30kW 250V/530V bidirectional DC-DC converter to be used in an electrical car. A detailed explanation of the design is given. The system uses two phase shifted half bridge (boost and buck) topologies to reduce the ripple current in the output capacitor. The converter has an efficiency of 95% at nominal power. It works as a constant voltage in one direction and as a constant current in the other to charge the batteries. Simulations and measurement are done at high power to test the efficiency.
Incorporation of ZnO Nanoparticles on Solution Processed Zinc Oxide Thin-Film Transistors
Miguel A. Dominguez,Javier Martinez,Karim Monfi l-Leyva,Susana Soto,Netzahualcoyotl Carlos,Mario Moreno 한국전기전자재료학회 2018 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.19 No.6
In this work, a simple, low-cost and reliable method for deposition of solution-processed Zinc oxide fi lms with embeddedZnO nanoparticles (np-ZnO) at low deposition temperature is presented. The np-ZnO fi lms are obtained by ultrasonic spraypyrolysis technique at 200 °C. The np-ZnO precursor solution is prepared at diff erent nanoparticles content. After deposition,the np-ZnO fi lms do not require any additional treatment. The np-ZnO fi lms were characterized by Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy, X-ray diff raction and fi eld emission scanning electron microscope. Moreover, a comparison of ZnOand np-ZnO based thin-fi lm transistors (TFTs) is presented. The extracted fi eld-eff ect mobility was 0.01 cm 2 /Vs for ZnOTFTs and 0.05 cm 2 /Vs for np-ZnO TFTs.
Surgical management with intentional replantation on a tooth with palato-radicular groove
Forero-Lopez, Jorge,Gamboa-Martinez, Luis,Pico-Porras, Laura,Nino-Barrera, Javier Laureano The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2015 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.40 No.2
A palato-radicular groove (PRG) is a developmental anomaly primarily found in the maxillary lateral incisors. It is a potential communication path between the root canal and the periodontium that decreases the survival prognosis of the affected tooth, therefore compromising the stability of the dental structure in the oral cavity. The aim of this case report is to present an original technique where a PRG was treated by means of intracanal disinfection, PRG sealing with glass ionomer, replantation with intentional horizontal 180 degree rotation of the tooth, and an aesthetic veneer placed to provide adequate tooth morphology. The clinical and biological benefits of this novel technique are presented and discussed.
Juan, Bermejo-Ballesteros,Javier, Cubas,Francisco, Casas,Enrique, Martinez-Gonzalez Techno-Press 2022 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.9 No.5
Space-telescopes placed in the Sun-Earth second Lagrange point (L2) observe the sky following a scan strategy that is usually based on a spin-precession motion. Knowing which regions of the sky will be more observed by the instrument is important for the science operations and the instrument calibration. Computing sky observation parameters numerically (discretizing time and the sky) can consume large amounts of time and computational resources, especially when high resolution isrequired.This problem becomesmore critical if quantities are evaluated at detector level instead of considering the instrument entire Field of View (FoV). In previous studies, the authors have derived analytic solutions for quantities that characterize the observation of each point in the sky in terms of observation time according to the scan strategy parameters and the instrument FoV. Analytic solutions allow to obtain results faster than using numerical methods as well as capture detailed characteristics which can be overseen due to discretization limitations. The original approach is based on the analytic expression of the instrument trace over the sky. Such equations are implicit and thusrequiresthe use of numeric solversto compute the quantities.In this work, a new and simpler approach for computing one ofsuch quantities(mean observation time) is presented.The quantity is first computed for pure spin motion and then the effect of the spin axis precession is incorporated under the assumption that the precession motion is slow compared to the spin motion.In this sense, this new approach further simplifies the analytic approach, sparing the use of numeric solvers, which reduces the complexity of the implementation and the computing time.