Just Cities in a Just Society - Maeulmandeulgi for Social Transformation or Social Reform -

James William Potter 서울연구원 2013 서울도시연구 Vol.14 No.2

On Liberation Day in 2010, President Lee Myung-Bak called for the creation of a Fair Society(공정한 사회). As the urban planning process and the resulting urban built form influence the distribution of costs and benefits of contemporary society, the challenge for urban planners is to develop cities that reflect this ideal of justice. To inform this effort, this paper introduces Susan Fainstein’s concept of the Just City, which is the focus of the contemporary US debate over achieving urban social justice, and develops three critiques of the Just City from other theoretical viewpoints. These theoretical critiques demonstrate that the communicative theory critique provides a valuable extension of the Just City and that the political economy critique serves to reinforce Fainstein’s choice of strategy for implementation. The paper then offers three tentative implications for Maeulmandeulgi based on the theory and its extensions.

Just like Korea in the 1970s? Slow Policy Transfer and the Fiction of Familiarity

James William Potter 국제개발협력학회 2019 국제개발협력연구 Vol.11 No.4

Purpose: Practitioners are often tempted to accelerate the policy transfer process by taking shortcuts on the basis of reductive comparisons between donor and recipient. This, however, often hinders the effectiveness of policy transfer. To improve the policy transfer process and thereby the policies implemented, this paper introduces an actor-network theoretical approach to understanding policy transfer. By employing Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) as a case, the paper also seeks to increase the effectiveness of policy transfer from Korea to its development partners. Originality: This paper contributes to the literature on policy transfer by introducing and adapting the Translation model of scientific knowledge production to policy transfer. This model allows for an enriched understanding of knowledge production in the policy transfer process and introduces the notion of “slow policy”. Methodology: The paper adopts a multimethodological approach. It first draws on World Development Indicators to compare Korea’s historical conditions with its development partners’ contemporary conditions. It then employs the science and technology studies literature to develop an improved model of policy transfer. Finally, existing literature is employed to apply this model to the KSP. Result: This article establishes first that Korea in its development decades was substantially different from its priority development partners today. It then introduces “slow policy”, which entails deeper engagement with recipients in formulating problems, conducting analyses, and developing more robust policies. Conclusion and Implication: The slow policy model suggests that time constraints inhibit the KSP’s capacity for producing co-learning outcomes and for developing truly custom-tailored policy recommendations. Slowing down implementation and extending personnel exchanges would produce deeper mutual learning, improve policy recommendations and implementation, and cultivate a new generation of experts.

Mind the Gap: The Role of Expectations and Experience in Attracting and Retaining International Students in Korea

James William Potter,오지혜,강규원 글로벌교육연구학회 2022 글로벌교육연구 Vol.14 No.2

This study is intended to help Korean universities more successfully attract and retain international students by exploring the gap between cognitive, affective, and external expectations and experiences. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews with Korean studies students across a range of ethnicities and nationalities in 2021. The paper finds that the gap can be reduced in two ways. First, universities can manage the unrealistic expectations about life in Korea created through media portrayals through education and pre-enrollment exposure. Second, universities must increase their commitment to act in loco parentis for international students, who lack the tacit cultural knowledge and social networks to navigate difficulties alone.

해외도시개발 진출을 위한 신속평가도구 모형 연구- 베트남 하노이 사례를 통하여

박진희,James William Potter 한국도시설계학회 2018 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.19 No.6

본 연구의 목표는 해외도시개발 사업에서 단기간, 저비용으로 현지의 상황과 문화에 대한 토착적이고 실질적인 정보를 보다 쉽게 수집할 수 있는 신속평가도구 모형을 개발하는 것이다. 양적, 질적 방법을 따르는 평가 기술의 조합으로 데이터를 획득하고 이들을 교차비교 분석함으로써 하노이 사례의 분석 결과는 다섯 가지 특징을 바탕으로 신속평가도구의 타당성과 유용성을 입증한다. 즉 질적 데이터와 양적 데이터의 상호보완적 역할로서 타당성을 더욱 강화, 단순한 양적 결과에 대하여 질적 데이터로부터 깊은 이해를 제공, 분석 결과의 불일치 또는 복잡성으로 인하여 추가조사를 요구, 예측되지 않았거나 또는 다수 반복되어 문화적 특수성을 반영 그리고 더욱 체계적인 평가기술 개발의 필요성을 제시하는 경우이다. 결과적으로, 신속평가도구는 현지의 사회와 문화에 대한 이해와 주택 시장에 미치는 영향 파악을 위한 정보 수집이 소요된 비용과 시간에 비하여 효과적이고 유용한 방법이 될 것으로 기대한다. This paper aims at developing a rapid appraisal toolkit (RAT) for overseas urban developments that can be used to collect and analyze local data in a cost effective and timely manner. An analysis of Hanoi using the developed RAT shows the validity and usefulness of the RAT model through the triangulation of various research methods, including complementary qualitative and quantitative data. Five characteristics drawn from the analysis are specified: to strengthen the validity of qualitative and quantitative data; to deepen the understanding of quantitative results through qualitative data; to indicate requirements for further investigation due to inconsistencies between quantitative and qualitative data; to reflect cultural factors via unexpected data or repeated emphasis; and to require the development of more systematic research methods to support detailed explanation. The paper concludes that the RAT is useful for cost effective understanding for what the background of local societies and their cultures are and how these impact housing demand.

진정한 공유도시로의 전환: 정릉마실 공동체 공유문 화의 사회적 의의 검증 연구

김종학,James William Potter 한국도시설계학회 2020 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.21 No.5

This paper aims to lay the academic groundwork for urban authorities to incorporate social elements of existing sharing cultures into narratives of Sharing City, thus further enriching Seoul’s Sharing City agenda. This study in this context critically investigates the patterns and motives of existent sharing culture and presents the social significance of sharing culture based on extensive interviews conducted with the local residents of Jeongreungmasil Community in Seoul, South Korea. This paper utilizes Generalized Exchange Model for the first time in domestic research on sharing culture to assess local sharing culture of Jeongreungmasil Community, from which four analytic categories are extracted as follows; no expectation for direct indemnification, spontaneity, intertemporal continuity and instrumentality. Based on the categories, the interview results are assessed and coded to reveal that (1) providers do not expect direct compensation from recipients in sharing, (2) participants nevertheless spontaneously engage in sharing, (3) sharing is continuously conducted in various forms and frequency based on sense of kinship accumulated over time and (4) sharing serves as a vital means for the residents to construct and maintain social bonds with each other, thereby concluding that sharing culture indeed connotes social significance. 본 연구는 상대적으로 조명받지 못한 공유문화에 대한 정책적 논의에 당위성과 방향성을 제공하여 서울의 공유도시 전략이 더욱 발전할 수 있도록 돕고자 한다. 이에 따라 지역공동체의자발적인 공유문화의 유형과 동기를 조사하고 공유문화가 내포하는 사회적 의의를 검증한다. 서울 내 현존하는 대표적인 지역공동체인 정릉2동 ‘정릉마실’ 구성원들을 중심으로 참여 관찰 및심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 국내 공유문화 연구에서 처음으로 공유의 실증적 분석모형인 ‘일반화된 교환(Generalized Exchange)’ 모형에 수집된 자료를 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는다음과 같다. 첫째, 공유활동 시 수혜자로부터 보상을 기대하지 않고, 둘째, 제공자와 수혜자 모두 공유활동 시 높은 자발성을 보이며, 셋째, 오랜 시간 동안 축적된 신뢰를 바탕으로 복합적이고 연쇄적으로 발생하는 지속성을 지니고, 넷째, 사회적 관계를 구축하는 데 공유활동이 매개로써 기여하는 정도가 상당하다. 이를 통해 공유문화는 근본적으로 내재한 사회적 의의가 상당히높다는 점을 검증하였다.

Modeling and Input Shaping Control of a Micro Coaxial Radio-Controlled Helicopter Carrying a Suspended Load

Christopher Adams,James Potter,William Singhose 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10

Helicopters are often used to transport supplies and equipment to hard-to-reach areas. When a load is carried via suspension cables below a helicopter, the load oscillates in response to helicopter motion and external disturbances, such as wind. This oscillation is dangerous and adversely affects control of the helicopter, especially when carrying heavy loads. To provide better control over the helicopter, one approach is to suppress the load swing dynamics using a command-filtering method called input shaping. This approach does not require real-time measurement or estimation of the load states. A simple model of a helicopter carrying a suspended load is developed and experimentally verified on a micro coaxial radio-controlled helicopter. In addition, the effectiveness of input shaping at eliminating suspended load oscillation is demonstrated on the helicopter. The proposed model may assist with the design of input-shaping controllers for a wide array of helicopters carrying suspended loads.