수면량과 집중력의 상관관계

김병우,류지근,박우진,박계원,김미정,임지은,백대현,최재덕,최윤호,이가현,이관,김덕수 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

수면, 기억 그리고 학습의 연관성은 실제 매우 복잡하다. 많은 연구에도 불구하고 명확한 연구결과는 아직 없다. 우리는 이 연구에서 평소와는 달리 시험 전날 수면 변화 양상이 집중력에 어느 정도 영향력을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였고, 이를 이용해 효율적인 수면 관리를 할 수 있는 기초자료로 삼고자 하였다. 동국대 의대 본과 1학년생 중 지원자 30명과 본과 2학년생 10명을 대상으로 평상시 상태와 시험 직후 수면이 부족한 상태에서 각각 K-PES TEST를 실시하여 총 8항목에 걸쳐 암기력, 판단력, 단순반응의 변화정도를 검사하였다. 또 설문조사를 병행하여 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다른 인자들도 파악하였다. 수면량에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 인간의 최대 생리학적 기능은 꼭 수면부족에 의해 좌우되는 것은 아니다. 그러나, 수면감소는 피로를 증가시키고, 동기부여를 감소시키나 단, 새로운 사실을 학습하는 데에는 큰 영향을 끼치지 않는다. 즉, 수면부족으로 장시간 깨어있는 것은 정확성과 반응성을 떨어뜨린다. 흡연에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 니코틴의 수면에 대한 상호관계는 알려지지 않았고, 인간의 감정이나 의식, 인식에 영향을 주는 것으로 알고있지만, 장기적은 측면에서 흡연이나 알코올은 인식능력과 무관한 것 같다. 카페인에 대한 숫자 외우기(암기력)검사 결과, 카페인은 spacial selective attention에는 특별한 영향을 주지 않지만 지각과정이나 주의 집중에 큰 효과를 주며, 인간의 의식 수행에 긍정적인 효과를 준다. 즉 카페인은 활력, 혼란, 피로상태를 변화시키고 visual analog scales에서 휴식상태에 가까운 양상을 나타낸다. 또 48시간 동안 수면을 취하지 않은 사람에게 카페인은 집중력과 장시간의 좋은 기분을 유지하게 하였다. 그러나 규칙적, 비규칙적으로 먹는 사람간에는 인지수행력의 차이를 보이지 않으며 상용자에서는 상당한 내성이 보인다. 수면패턴에 대한 숫자 더하기(순간 판단력)검사 결과, 집중력은 수면패턴에 의해서도 영향을 받고, 수면패턴이 바뀌게 되면 순간판단력을 저하시킨다. This study was performed to evaluate relationship of sleep and attention, and to control sleep effectively. We conducted a K-PES test of 40 medical students. K-PES contains eight elements, for example, simple response, selective response, color pairing, OddEven discrimination, number addition, number-symbol matching, memory, right-tapping, left tapping. Through these, we tested changes of memory, judgement, simple response. And we conducted a questionnaire survey to exclude bias. Results are as follows. As a results of number-symbol matching test, we know that sleeplessness is not complete responsible for physiologic function for humans. But, decreased sleep increases fatigue and decreases motivation, but no influence on learning new materials. So, long term sleeplessness decreases precision and responsibility. As a results of number-symbol matching test on smoking, a relationship of nicotine and sleep is not certain. A point of view in long term period, smoking and drinking is not related cognition, even if we know that those influence mood, consciousness and cognition. As a results of memory work test on caffeine, caffeine does not influence spacial selective attention, but mainly does perception, attention and consiousness process. Namely caffeine changes energetic activities, chaos, fatigue states and shows resting state in visual analog scales In sleeplessness for 48 hours, caffeine produced attention and good mood for a long time. But, in case of cognitive process no significance shows in regular or irregular diet. Regular diet shows high resistance. As a results of number addition test on sleep patterns, seep patterns influence attention, changes of sleep patterns decrease a moment judgement.

급성신부전증 이환견에 대한 복막투석 치료 1례

김건우,이병희,김유수,심재현,김지용,이영원,김덕환,송근호 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2004 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

A fourteen-month-old intact female Poodle was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University. The patient was presented with history of vomiting, inappetence, ataxia, insomnia, tachypnea and convulsion for 5 days. Biochemical examination revealed BUN (254.2 mg/dl), creatinine (9.22 mg/dl) and phosphate (14 mg/dl). Epithelial cells of urinary tract, neutrophils, macrophages, a large number of gram negative and smaller number of gram positive bacteria were presented on urine test. Ultrasonographic findings show hyperechogenic kidney and indistinguishableness of renal cortex and medulla. Based on the results of examination described above, this case was diagnosed as acute renal failure with interstitial nephritis by urinary tract infection (UTI). Treatments with fluids therapy, diuretics, and peritoneal dialysis during hospitalization showed good results with no clinical signs.

개에서 발생한 폐수종의 치료 증례

김유수,심재현,김건우,김지용,이병희,송근호,이영원,김덕환 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2004 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

A 9 months intact male American bull dog with chief complaints of dry cough, dyspnea and fever was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. Based on the findings of physical examination, radiological examination, and blood and blood chemical examinations, the present patient was diagnosed into pulmonary edema secondary to primary bacterial and aspiration pneumonia. The patient was hospitalized and treated with buscopan, cephazolin and furosemide for 1 week. His activity and appetite was returned to normal and thoracic radiographs revealed that Jung was recovered to the normal condition after treatment for 7 days. The present patient was a case with pulmonary edema showed favorable therapeutic responses to proper medication.

韓國人의 各 臟器組織中 靑酸鹽의 微量分布에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

張成吉,金恩浩,金英雲,李鎭勳,柳在薰,權五星,金明德,吳世珍,金由那 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

중합체 복합재료의 드릴가공시 발생하는 적층분리

김원일,왕덕현,이윤경,이재만,신경오 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1997 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

다방향 적층구조 중합체 목합재료의 드릴가공시 발생하는 적층분리 현상에 대해서 절삭속도 및 이송속도의 변화시키면서 실험적 연구를 진행하였다. 드릴가공시 발생되는 재료거동의 탄성파의 변형을 시편의 측면에서 음향방출신호로 측정하였으며, 광학현미경과 전자현미경으로 적층분리된 측정값과 표면거칠기 측정에서 얻은 결과를 얻어 비교하였다. 음향방출 신호로 측정한 결과와 공구현미경의 실제측정값 및 표면거칠기에서 적층분리가 발생한 지점이 거의 일치함을 확인하였다. 본 실험결과 드릴공구로 사용된 소결합금 공구는 이송속도가 낮고 절삭속도를 큰 경우 적층분리 현상을 억제하여 양호한 가공면을 얻을 수 있었다. An experimental study on the delamination phenomena during drilling of laminate polymer composites, was conducted according t o the change of cutting speed and feed rate. The analysis of acoustic emission signals was in good agreement with measured values by optical microscopy. And also the surface roughness characteristics of workpiece in drilling was accumulated and compared. It was found that the delamination location measured by AE signals and real measurement values by tool microscope are almost same. The better surface and prevention of delamination was obtained by the slight increase of cutting speed and the decrease of feed rate when sintered tool was used.

가공 송전선의 부식진단시스템 개발

김성덕,심재명,정원일,장석구,이승호,김영달 大田産業大學校 2000 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

A diagnosis method to inspect deterioration in overhead ACSR conductors is discussed in this paper. Corrosion would be occurred by various and complex factors such as atmospheric indices, installation environment and metallic configuration, but must of corrosions are mainly due to atmospheric corrosion, galvanic corrosion and crevice corrosion. Such corrosion in ACSR would lead to be zinc loss of galvanized steel strand and reduction of cross section area of aluminum strand and it may be mechanical strength of power conductor in service to reduce. Global corrosion can be treated as average corrosion occurring on the conductor and it would appear to any material variations by the elapsed years of the conductor in the atmosphere. Therefore, as estimating the loss rate of tensile strength of aged conductor corresponding to the elapsed years, it would be possible to quantify global corrosion indirectly to a prediction function. Through such results, loss degree for ACSR 97[mm2] is classified to 4 ranges. i.e., no loss, possible loss, partial loss and sever loss. Both local and global corrosion could not be detected by visual inspection, but we proposed a corrosion detector system using a solenoid eddy current sensor in order to inspect such corrosion for old conductor. Corrosion detecting system is constituted to a corrosion detector and a ground station controller. Corrosion detector consists of sensor coil and sensing head, signal processing unit, data communication system, motor driver and controller, u-processors and power supply. After considering operation and manipulation in the field, motor, battery and wheels were selected and designed in order to reduce the weight of corrosion detector. Programs for u-processors, measurement program operated in a PC were also developed. Before testing the corrosion detector in the field, several experiments were carried out in the laboratory for artificial corroded samples. Sensor performance, mechanical tests such running ability and weight, and RF data transmission as well as measurement program were examined. After testing a simple corrosion detector system in the laboratory, several filed tests were carried out in practice transmission lines installed in domestic area. Finally, the suggested corrosion detecting system shows an effectiveness to detect local corrosion in acted conductor in practice.

벤처기업 육성을 통한 부산지역 경제발전 방안

김태혁,이갑수,이재득 釜山大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 1998 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.17 No.1

1980년대 이후 부산지역경제의 전국비중은 급격히 감소되어 왔다. 본 연구는 날로 침체되어가고 있는 부산경제에 활력소를 제공하고 지역경제구조를 보다 고부가가치화, 고도화시키는 촉매제 기능을 담당할 지역 벤처기업의 육성전략을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 벤처기업의 육성은 중소제조업이 중심이 되어 지역경제를 구성하고 있는 부산지역 산업구조를 개선하는데 있어 선도적인 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 부산지역에서는 경제적 의미에 부합되는 벤처기업은 극소수에 불과하고 기존사업 형태를 유지하면서 법률적인 요건을 충족시킨 기업들이 그 주류를 이루고 있다. 부산지역에서 벤처기업이 육성되기 위해서는 첫째, 고부가가치 신기술을 개발할 수 있는 잠재력을 지닌 고급인력에게 기술개발에서 창업, 사업화에 이르는 종합적인 창업보육지원이 필요하며, 둘째, 지역민간 벤처캐피탈, 정책금융, 부산시 자금 등으로 분리되어있는 벤처기업 관련자금을 체계적으로 공급할 수 있는 금융지원시스템이 확립되어야 하며, 셋째, 벤처기업의 신기술개발 및 혁신, 디자인개발, 공정관리에 필요한 인적.물적지원시스템이 대학을 중심으로 구축되어야 하며, 넷째, 개발된 기술의 상품화를 위한 경제성분석, 수요개발, 광고, 물적유통 등에 대한 외부전문가들의 사업화지원시스템이 필요하며, 다섯째, 벤처기업이 대기업으로 성장하는 단계별로 금융, 기술, 사업화 등을 지속적으로 지원할 수 있는 종합적인 지원센터가 필요하다.

드럼형 보일러 시스템의 모델링과 MGPC 설계

金成德,黃載皓 大田産業大學校 1993 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.10 No.1

본 논문에서는 보령 화력발전소 1호기의 드럼형 보일러 연소시스템에 대한 모델링과 MGPC(다변수 일반화 예측제어) 설계시 특성들이 다루어진다. 보일러 동특성을 나타내는 적당한 모델을 추정하기 위하여 몇가지 실제 운전데이터를 사용할 수 있다고 가정하여, 저차화된 상태공간 표현식을 도입한다. 이 식은 화석연료와 급수량의 2개 입력과 주중기 및 드럼수위의 2개 출력변수를 갖는다. 전달함수로 기술된 선형 다변수 모델을 이와 같은 입·출력 변수들에 대해 구성하고, 주어진 배치파일로 부터 최소자승 앨고리즘을 적용하여 모델을 얻는다. 추정모델에 대한 MGPC를 설계하고 그 특성 또한 검토된다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 토대로 시스템 특성이 평가된다. Some properties in modelling and MGPC(Multivariable Generalized Predictive Control) design for the drum-type boiler combustion system in Poryung Themal Power Plant No. 1 are described in this paper. By assuming that some real operating data can be available to estimate any suitable model to present the boiler dynamics, a reduced state space representation is introduced. It has 2 inputs, fuel coal and feed water, and 2 outputs, main steam and drum water level. After a linear multivariable model described by transfer functions is configured for those input-output variables, a model is estimated from the given batch files by applying Least Squares algorithm. MGPC for the estimated model is designed and its behavior is also examined. The system performance is evaluated based on simulation results.

대동물 임상에서의 침술마취의 적용

김명철,김덕환,전무형,홍성혁,박창식,이재일,이수진,김영석 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

Acupuncture is used to treat pathological conditions and to prevent pain from arising. The pathological conditions that can be treated can be painless or painful conditions. Acupuncture analgesia (AA) is a specific form of acupuncture; the stimulation of the acupuncture points must be strong and long (about 15 to 30 minutes) before a local or general analgesia or hypalgesia will develop. Development of modern AA began in the late fifties. Effectiveness of acupuncture in alleviation of pain was quickly noticed and brought to the medical researchers and surgeons. Through their diligent pursuit, AA has been established as a viable alternative for relief of pain and substitution of conventional anesthesia. In veterinary medicine. early successful applications of AA to surgery of domestic animals were reported in the late sixties. Local or regional anesthesia is often preferred to general anesthesia in cattle. Acupuncture was effective in inducing analgesia. Regional electroacupuncture analgesia is potentially useful for standing surgeries in cattle. Some standing surgeries may be easily accomplished using electroacupuncture anesthesia.

인간의 시각 특성을 고려한 JPEG 기반의 양자화기 설계

김정규,이재덕,허영,윤태성 창원대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産技硏論文集 Vol.15 No.-

JPEG, which is a standard compression algorithm for the still image, was designed in consideration of general characteristics of the images. So, it can't reflect local characteristics such as edges well when compressing image. Therefore, lots of data loss are occurred at edges which are very sensitive to human visual system(HVS). In this paper, a scheme is proposed that improves those defects of JPEG is proposed. The sequence of the proposed scheme is as follow. First, we analyze the DCT coefficients of an image and judge the edges in the image. Second, if edges are existed, we enhance the edges by weighting the frequency parts sensitive to HVS and more compressing the frequency parts insensitive to HVS of the coefficients that are related to the edges. Computer simulation results show that the proposed compression scheme has a little inferior performance in the objective assessments such as compression ratio and PSNR, however gives superior performance of image quality improvement in the subjective assessment to JPEG.