Co-seismic spring flow changes attributed to the March 29, 1999 Chamoli earthquake of Garhwal Himalaya

Irene Sarkar,Ramesh Chander 한국지질과학협의회 2002 Geosciences Journal Vol.6 No.3

The moderate magnitude Chamoli earthquake thatoccurred on March 29, 1999, in the Garhwal Higher Himalayaproduced, among many other observable effects, changes in flowof several artisan springs. Qualitative observations of significantchanges in the flow of ten springs located in regions of higherintensity show a strong spatial correlation with our preliminaryestimates of perturbing pore pressure field induced in the watersaturated shallow rocks of the region by the earthquake in its coseis-mic phase. The results are significant for it is the first successfulattempt in the Himalayan region to investigate the response patternof the local groundwater flow system to perturbations induced tothe ambient tectonic stress regime by a major earthquake.

A psychosocial perspective of medication side effects, experiences, coping approaches and implications for adherence in hypertension management

Irene A. Kretchy,Frances T. Owusu-Daaku,Samuel A. Danquah,Emmanuel Asampong 대한고혈압학회 2015 Clinical Hypertension Vol.21 No.18

Introduction: This study examined whether psychosocial variables influenced patients’ perception and experience of side effects of their medicines, how they coped with these experiences and the impact on medication adherence behaviour. Methods: A hospital-based mixed methods study using quantitative and qualitative approaches was conducted with hypertensive patients. Participants were asked about side effects, medication adherence, common psychological symptoms and coping mechanisms with the aid of standard questionnaires and an interview guide. Results: The experiences of side effects—such as palpitations, frequent urination, recurrent bouts of hunger, erectile dysfunction, dizziness, cough, physical exhaustion—were categorized as no/low (39.75 %), moderate (53.0 %) and high (7.25 %). Significant relationships between depression (x2 = 24.21, p < 0.0001), anxiety (x2 = 42.33, p < 0.0001), stress (x2 = 39.73, p < 0.0001) and side effects were observed. A logistic regression model using the adjusted results for this association is reported—depression [OR = 1.9 (1.03–3.57), p = 0.04], anxiety [OR = 1.5 (1.22–1.77), p ≤ 0.001] and stress [OR = 1.3 (1.02–1.71), p = 0.04]. Side effects significantly increased the probability of individuals to be non-adherent [OR = 4.84 (95 % CI 1.07–1.85), p = 0.04] with social factors, media influences and attitudes of primary care givers further explaining this relationship. Personal adoption of medication modifying strategies, espousing the use of complementary and alternative treatments and interventions made by clinicians were the main forms of coping with side effects. Discussion: Results from this study show that, in addition to a biomedical approach, the experience of side effects has biological, social and psychological interrelations. The results offer more support for the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to healthcare where all forms of expertise are incorporated into health provision and patient care.

비쥬얼뮤직의 정서 감정: 추상적 멀티미디어 정보 전달을 위한 두개의 조합모델 검증

( Irene Eunyoung Lee ),( Jae Seung Jeong ) 한국감성과학회 2011 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

Knowledge Activation in Story Comprehension

Irene-Anna N. Diakidoy,Loizos Michael,Antonis Kakas 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2017 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study was to provide behavioral data regarding the world knowledge that readers activate during story comprehension with a view to inform the development of formal and computational representation of knowledge for automated comprehension. The focus of the study was on the amount, the structural aspects, and the coherence function of the activated knowledge. In a knowledge elicitation task, undergraduate students recorded the knowledge they deemed necessary for understanding each sentence in a set of four short stories in the form of property and causal knowledge rules. Results indicated the activation of a limited amount of knowledge that maintained both situational and conceptual connections with input. Situational inferencing and continuity (i.e., carrying over of previously activated ideas) were positively associated and varied as a function of story part. Findings are discussed in relation to dominant theoretical models of narrative comprehension and for their implications regarding the computational representation of knowledge in automated story comprehension

Factors Associated with Prolonged Patient-Attributable Delay in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

Irene Zarcos-Pedrinaci,Teresa Téllez,Francisco Rivas-Ruiz,María del Carmen Padilla-Ruiz,Julia Alcaide,Antonio Rueda,María Luisa Baré,María Manuela Morales Suárez-Varela,Eduardo Briones,Cristina Sarasq 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.4

Purpose The delayed diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be attributable to sociodemographic characteristics, to aspects of tumour histopathology or to the functioning of the health system. We seek to determine which of these factors most influences prolonged patient-attributable delay (PPAD) in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. Materials and Methods A prospective, multicentre observational study was conducted in 22 Spanish hospitals. In total, 1,785 patients were recruited to the study between 2010 and 2012 and underwent elective or urgent surgery. PPAD is considered to occur when the time elapsed between a patient presenting the symptom and him/her seeking attention from the primary care physician or hospital emergency department exceeds 180 days. A bivariate analysis was performed to assess differences in variables segmented by tumour location and patient delay. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the outcome variable, PPAD. Results The rate of PPAD among this population was 12.1%. PPAD was significantly associated with altered bowel rhythm (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.83) and with adenocarcinoma histology, in comparison with mucinous adenocarcinoma (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.71). Other sociocultural factors and clinicopathological features were not independent predictors of PPAD. Conclusion Many patients do not consider altered bowel rhythm an alarming symptom, warranting a visit to the doctor. PPAD could be reduced by improving health education, raising awareness of CRC-related symptoms.

Cerebral Edema in Patients with Severe Hemispheric Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes―Data from SITS-ISTR

Irene Escudero-Martínez,Magnus Thorén,Peter Ringleb,Ana Paiva Nunes,Manuel Cappellari,Viiu-Marika Rand,Piotr Sobolewski,Jose Egido,Danilo Toni,Shih-Yin Chen,Nicole Tsao,Niaz Ahmed 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.1

Background and Purpose Cerebral edema (CED) in ischemic stroke can worsen prognosis and about 70% of patients who develop severe CED die if treated conservatively. We aimed to describe incidence, risk factors and outcomes of CED in patients with extensive ischemia. Methods Oservational study based on Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke-International Stroke Treatment Registry (2003–2019). Severe hemispheric syndrome (SHS) at baseline and persistent SHS (pSHS) at 24 hours were defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) >15. Outcomes were moderate/severe CED detected by neuroimaging, functional independence (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) and death at 90 days. Results Patients (n=8,560) presented with SHS and developed pSHS at 24 hours; 82.2% received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), 10.5% IVT+thrombectomy, and 7.3% thrombectomy alone. Median age was 77 and NIHSS 21. Of 7,949 patients with CED data, 3,780 (47.6%) had any CED and 2,297 (28.9%) moderate/severe CED. In the multivariable analysis, age <50 years (relative risk [RR], 1.56), signs of acute infarct (RR, 1.29), hyperdense artery sign (RR, 1.39), blood glucose >128.5 mg/dL (RR, 1.21), and decreased level of consciousness (RR, 1.14) were associated with moderate/severe CED (for all P<0.05). Patients with moderate/severe CED had lower odds to achieve functional Independence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23 to 0.55) and higher odds of death at 90 days (aOR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.14 to 3.02). Conclusion In patients with extensive ischemia, the most important predictors for moderate/ severe CED were age <50, high blood glucose, signs of acute infarct, hyperdense artery on baseline scans, and decreased level of consciousness. CED was associated with worse functional outcome and a higher risk of death at 3 months.

Vertically-Aligned ZnO/InxSy Core-Shell Nanorods for High Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Irene Gonzalez-Valls,Belen Ballesteros,Mónica Lira-Cantu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.7

Innovative vertically aligned ZnO/InxSy nanorod (NR) electrodes were prepared by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The InxSy shell layer was deposited on top of ZnO NR electrodes of two different lengths, ~ 1.6 µm and ~ 3.2 µm. Two sulfur contents on the InxSy shell layer with different layer thicknesses were analyzed. These electrodes were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and then applied in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC). Power conversion efficiency of 2.32% was observed when a low-sulfur content InxSy shell layer was applied in comparison to the stoichiometric In2S3 shell layer (0.21%) or the bare ZnO NRs (0.87%). In the case of low sulfur content, a shell layer of In(OH)xSy or/and In(OH)3 is formed as observed by the presence of –OH observed by FTIR analyses. The presence of higher amounts of hydroxide groups modifies the bandgap and work function of the InxSy shell and facilitates dye adsorption, increasing the final solar cell performance.

A Job-Shop Scheduling Model of Software Development Planning for Constraint-based Local Search

Irene Barba,Carmelo Del Valle 보안공학연구지원센터 2010 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.4 No.4

Alleviating Effects of Opuntia ficus indica Extracts on Psychomotor Alterations Induced by Ethanol in Rats

Irene Joy I. dela Peña,윤서영,김희진,심홍,김지형,정나래,백세희,서용기,박석준,문병석,정재훈 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.6

Effects of Opuntia ficus indica (OFI) extractson ethanol-induced psychomotor alterations were studiedusing Sprague-Dawley rats orally administered 4 g/kg ofethanol (EtOH group) or distilled water (control group). AnOFI-group received OFI extracts (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg)30 min prior to EtOH administration. Behavioral andhematological tests were evaluated 1, 2, 4, and 8 h afterEtOH administration. Electroencephalogram (EEG) assessmentwas also performed. EtOH significantly (p<0.001) inducedpsychomotor alterations (reduced locomotion, balance,coordination, muscle strength, and tolerance to cold),compared with control group rats. Pre-treatment with OFIextracts alleviated alterations and also inhibited elevationof blood ethanol levels. EEG (percent of total power fordelta, theta, alpha, and beta) results for OFI group rats weresimilar to control rats, indicating a countering of EtOHinducedEEG changes. Extracts of OFI can be effective foralleviation of psychomotor alterations induced by EtOHadministration.

Peer review golden rules and good practice checklist

Irene Hames 한국과학학술지편집인협의회 2016 Science Editing Vol.3 No.1

This is a republication of Appendix 1, The Golden Rules and the Peer-Review Good Practice Checklist, from the author’s book, Peer Review and Manuscript Management in Scientific Journals: guidelines for good practice, published in 2007 by Wiley-Blackwell in association with ALPSP (the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers), with the permission of the author and publisher (ISBN: 978-1-4051-3159-9, http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1405131594.html).