오차드그래스(Dactylis glomerata L.)의 품종에 따른 종자유래의 캘러스 형성률과, 캘러스 크기 및 식물체 재분화 효율의 비교

배은경,이인애,김기용,이병현,손대영,이효신,정민섭,조진기 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2002 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2002 No.-

Comparison results of callus formation ratio from seed explants, callus sizes, regeneration ratios from callus and regeneration efficiency [calculated by following formular; callus formation ratio(%) × regeneration ratio(%)/100]for 27 ochardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)varieties imported and Hapsung 2 developed in Korea are as follows; 1. Among ochardgrass varieties showing more than 50% callus formation ratios, the descending order of callus formation ratio after bedding the seed explants for 4 weeks was 93>Sparta>Pizza>Condor>Lidaglo>Glorus>Hapsung2>Frode. 2. The callus sizes after bedding for 4 weeks were in the range of φ 0.43cm~4.2cm in which there was 10 times size difference between the largest one and the smallest one but most of them were between φ2.5cm~4cm. 3. The regeneration ratio from callus among varieties were in the range of 0~36% and descending order of the upper 6 varieties was Plano>Akimidori>Justus>Lidacta>Currie>Hall mark. 4. The regeneration efficiency which is calculated by the ratios of regeneration from seed explant numbers was between 0 to 17.4% among which Justus showed the highest value in the 4-week treatment. 5. The correlation between callus formation ratios and the callus sizes, callus formation ratios and regeneration efficiency, and callus sizes and regeneration efficiency were r=0.5765, r=0.6365 and r=0.6246, respectively in 4-week callus and all the correlations were significant on the 1% level. 6. In 6-week callus, the descending order callus formation ratios from seed sxplants for the best 6 varieties was Condor>Sparta>93M>Justus>Potomac>Lidaglo>Frode. 7. The callus sizes formed were between φ1.5~5.7cm in which Sparta, the largest one of φ5.7cm was five times larger than the smallest one. The callus size of the control variety. Hapsung 2 was φ3.8cm, which belonged to larger size. 8. Regeneration ratio showed a great deviation among varieties from 6-week old calli by showing from 0% to 100% in which all the calli were regenerated in Plano while no callus was regenerated in Juno, 9. The range of regeneration effciency was between 0~28% among varieties in which the values from 6-week callus treatment were larger than those from 4-week callus treatment. Especially, the value of Potomac in 6-week was 3 times larger than that in 4-week. 10. The correlation between callus formation ratios and the callus sizes, callus formation ratios and regeneration efficiency, and callus sizes and regeneration effciency were r=0.8369, r=0.6683 and r=0.5937, respectively in 6-week callus, and all the correlations were significant on the 1% level.

Nelumbinis Semen Reverses a Decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$Receptor Binding Induced by Chronic Mild Stress, a Depression-like Symptom

Jang, Choon-Gon,Kang, Moon-Kyu,Cho, Jae-Han,Lee, Sun-Bok,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Park, Soon-Kwon,Lee, Jin-Woo,Park, Seong-Kyu,Hong, Moo-Chang,Shin, Min-Kyu,Shim, In-Sup,Bae , Hyun-Su The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.10

Depression is associated with a dysfunctional serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) system. More recently, several lines of evidence suggest that an important factor in the development of depression may be a deficit in the function and expression of $5-HT_{1A}$ receptors. The present study assessed if Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) had an anti-depression effect through reversing a decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in rats with depression-like symptoms induced by chronic mild stress. Using a $5-HT_{1A}$ receptor binding assay, with a specific $5-HT_{1A}$receptor agonist, 8- OH-DPAT (8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin), the mechanism of the anti-depression effect of N. s. on rats was investigated, and the effects compared with two well-known antidepressants, Hyperium Perforatum (St. Johns Wort) and fluoxetine (Prozac). Animals were divided into five groups: the normal (N) group without chronic mild stress (CMS), the control (C) group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Hyperium Perforatum (H. p.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks and finally, the fluoxetine (F) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks. Each treatment was administered to rats during the last 4 weeks of the 8-week CMS. A sucrose intake test was performed to test the anti-depression effect of N. s. The N. s. treatment significantly reversed the decreased sucrose intake under CMS (P<0.05 compared to control group under CMS). In the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, both N. s. and H. p. reversed the CMS-induced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. In the I to II regions of the frontal cortex, N. s. and H. p. also reversed the CMS-induced decrease in$5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding, and even showed a significant increase in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding compared to the F treatment group (N. s. vs. P, p<0.05, H. p. vs. P, p<0.05). However, in the hypothalamus, all treatments reversed the CMSinduced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. This reversal effect of N. s. on the decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat brains was very similar to that of H. p, but different from that of F. It is concluded that N. s. presents an anti-depression effect through enhancing $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding.

골퍼의 기능수준에 따른 운동상해요인 비교 분석

이석인,박봉섭,김재훈 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study is to provide professional and amateur golfers with the basic guide to prevent injuries when playing golf. In order for that, the researcher has first researched the individual background of golfers and the parts, forms, and causes of injuries that they have according to their level of function. And also the researcher has taken a survey from professional and amateur golfers living in Seoul, Kyung-gi, and In-cheon in 2003. In order to compare and analyse these information gathered from each golfers about the injuries, questionnaires have been arranged on the basis of the studies of Batt(1992), Lee(1996), Roh(1996), Lee(1997), and Park(1998), Lee(2002). The appropriateness and validity of the contents of these questionnaires were verified after taking a preliminary test choosing each 20 of the professional and amateur golfers. Therefore, this source of questionnaires is believable with its high reliability. The statistic method in this study is frequency Analysis and x test. The results are as the followings. Injuries occur more to professional golfers than amateur golfers. And also they often have the skin injury and muscular injury because of the pressure they get to win the game doing over-exercise.

몇가지 스트레스가 옥수수 種子의 發牙 및 初期生育에 미치는 영향

이인섭 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Response of five maize( Zea mays L.) seed lines to stress conditions(osmotic stress,salinity and shaking stress) for germination and early growth were compared to that of the control (favourable conditions) The results obtained were as follows. The average germination rate was 47% in the salinity treatnment, 94% in the shaking treatment and 100% in the control respectively. Shoot growth was inhibited most in the PEG 6,000 treatment and secondary in the salinity treatment . Tehe growth was the most favourable in the control. FR303 line showed the highest susceptibility the stress conditions. Root growth was inhibited most in the salinity treatment and secondary in the PEG 6,000 treatment. C. waxy was the most susceptable line for root growth to stress conditions. And pop was the most resistant line to the salinity treatment. Fresh weight was lightest in the PEG 6,000 treatment, secondary in the salinity and heaviest in the control. All the characteristics showed highly significant among the treatments.

春蘭과 寒蘭의 花盆裁培에 있어 근권온도가 생육에 미치는 영향

이훙우,소인섭 제주대학교 아열대농업연구소 2000 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.17 No.-

This experiments were conducted to examine the growth response as resulted by differences of root zone area temperature with varied pots on the Cymbidium kanran and C. virescens during hot season(Jun.∼Sep.). Whereas Root zone temperature in plastic pot by 1.3mm thickness were more sensitive at areal temperature, the range of areal to root zone temperature were changed slowly in clay pot by 6.0 mm thickness. The root zone temperature in 3 kinds pot be tested were changed a little in areal temperature at the 25℃ below, otherwise the higher the areal temperature increased, the more the difference of root zone temperature among 3 kinds pot changed in 3 kinds pot changed. In the growth of Cymbidium virescens cultivated in plastic pot, there was a excessive growth of roots, while the growth of shoots was so poor that sixty percent of seedlings were killed. The growth of roots was reduced in clay pot compare with plastic pot, that showed a good balance between top to root. In this case, the only ten percent of seedlings were killed. The different type among the 3 kinds pot did not show the growth of shoots in Cymbidium kanran, but the growth in clay pot was good relatively. In the growth of roots cultivated in plastic and raxo pot, the number of roots was a little but the length of them was long. In clay pot, there was a large number of roots, but the length of them was short, which had effect on a good T/R ratio.

濟州道 菜蔬·花卉園藝의 生産實態, 育成方案 및 流通構造改善에 관한 硏究

李宗錫,吳現道,蘇寅燮,張田益,姜志勇 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1986 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.3 No.-

濟州道의 施設을 理用한 菜蔬類와 球根切花類 및 洋蘭類의 재배실태를 調査한 結果는 다음과 같이 要約할 수 있다. 1. 作目이 토마토와 오이에 編重되어 있어 딸기等을 첨가하여 作目이 多樣化하여야 할 것으로 思料되었다. 2. 施設內의 土壤管理에 대한 認識이 不足하며, 均衡施肥가 施行되지 않고 있었고 土壤酸度도 矯正해야 할 농가가 많았다. 3. Mg이 缺乏된 施設이 대부분이므로 이의 是正이 時急한 課題였다. 4. 施設內 土壤에서 鹽類集積의 被害가 우려되는 곳은 거의 없었으나 裁培年限이 5年以上된 施設에서는 土壤改良이 이뤄저야 할 것으로 思料되었다. 5. 作付體係를 改善해서 年 2期作 體係가 確立되어야 겠으며 施設管利技術이 普及, 育苗技術의 改善 및 共同育苗를 施行해서 健全苗의 養成이 重要課題였다. 6. 濟州道內에서 産業的으로 栽培되고 있는 蘭類 中에서 熱帶産 Cymbidium類가 全體 洋蘭 栽培量의 67.8%로 가장 많았는데 그 中에서도 Eiko, sharnell-5, Kenny가 數的으로 많았다. 7. 溫帶産蘭(東洋蘭)類 中에서는 새우난초類가 數的으로 가장 많았고, 나도풍난, Dendrobrum moniliforme, Cymbidium 風蘭의 順位이었으며, 自生寒蘭은 대 40,396촉이 栽培되고 있었다. 8. 供試 5種의 球根類들은 virus 감염이 甚하여 全量이 virus 無病株로 대체되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 9. 서귀포지역의 土壤은 害蟲이 많이 分布하여 球根切花栽培에 큰 위협조건으로 나타났으며 앞으로 도양소독에 대하여 보다 집약적이고 효율적인 方法이 개발되어야 하겠다. 10. 한라산의 고냉지를 利用한 球根의 低溫處理 效果에 對하여 많은 적응시험이 요망되며 道當局은 고냉지의 개발과 利用에 적극적인 지원을 투여하여야 할 것이다. 11. 植栽되고 있는 5種의 球根類 모두 50% 以上이 外國수입에 의존하고 있으므로 國內의 組織培養技術을 利用한 virus 無病良質球根의 生産이 절실히 요망된다. Studies on various cultural practices of vegetable crops, and orchids have been conducted in Chejudo. Followings are the results of such studies. 1. Too much importance has been given to Tomato and Cucumber crops. An additional crop such as Strawberry should be included to broaden the studies. 2. In general, lack of informations on soil managements appear to be prevailing; scheduled fertilization, for instance, has not been performed and pH level must be adjusted on many farm lands. 3. Mg deficiency has been very much in common, therefore, is corection are matter of utmost importance. 4. Problems arising from salt accumulation were nearly unimportant, however, soil improvements through various cultural practices are recommended for those soils which have been continuous cropping for more than 5 years. 5. Planting system should be improved so as to establish 2-crops/year system. In addition, proper extention of various soil management techniques and improvement on nursing techiques are of inportant matters. Commonly sharing community nursing practices must be accompanied in order to provide healthy-seedlings. 6. Among commercially growing orchid species in Chejudo, the tropical Cymbidium species found to be the most widely grown, nearly 67.8% 'Kiko', 'Sharnell-5', 'Kenny' appear to be most in common. 7. Among oriental orchids, Calanthe spp are found to be most prevalent followed in the order of Aerides japonica, Dendrobium moniliforme, Cymbidiums, respectively. 8. The total number of the shoots of Cymbidium kanran being cultivated in Chejudo were found to be 40,396. 9. Virus infections appear to be universal in all 5 species of bulbs studied therefore, virus-free stocks must be essential. 10. Sogwipo-soil, in general, heavily infected by soil-born insects of various kinds are badly affecting bulb productions. More efficient methods of soilsanitations must be studied and introduced in the future. 11. The studies of low temperature treatment on bulb crops by utilizing the high altitude growing in the area of mountain Halla are in great need. An extensive assistance from the provincial government are very much in need in order for the development and utilization of the high-altitude cultivation. 12. More than 50% of the bulbs of the 5 species grown are being imported. Domestic production utilizing 'meristem culture' which enable the virus free stocks are in great demand.

2009년 인플루엔자 대유행 중 인플루엔자 진료소 방문자의 연령 분포 변화

김백남,곽이경,문치숙,김연숙,김의석,배인규,염준섭,이창섭,허지안 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.2

The pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) virus, after being introduced in Korea in April, 2009, spread rapidly nationwide in mid-2009. This study was conducted to characterize trend in age distribution of visitors to Flu-clinics during the pandemic. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of visitors to flu clinic from Week 36 to 52 (August 30 to December 26) of 2009 were retrieved and collected from electronic databases at 9 hospitals. Visitors 0-6, 7-12, 13-18, 19-29, 30-64, and 65 years or more of age were classified into group I to VI, respectively. A total of 107,467 visitors were seen at Flu-clinics for a 17-week study period. Of those, 32,485 were laboratory-confirmed. Antivirals were prescribed for 62,533 visitors. Numbers of visits, prescriptions of antivirals, and laboratory-confirmed cases of the pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) peaked at Week 44. A large number of visits by group II and III were followed by those of group I and V, especially around the peak. Numbers of visits by group VI were lowest in all hospitals. In some hospitals, higher number of visits lasted longer in children than in adults while vice versa in other hospitals depending on the location. In summary, the pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) was presumed to peak in late October and involved majorly children and students in Korea. Unique age distribution of visitors to flu clinic was observed in some hospitals.

흰쥐에 對한 Phosphamidon 및 Endosulfan의 亞急性毒性에 關한 硏究

申鎭燮,崔承允,李昌業,崔仁厚 서울大學校 農科大學 1984 서울대농학연구지 Vol.9 No.2

Subacute toxicity tests of phosphamidon and endosulfan were carried out to examine the adverse effects resulting from repeated daily oral administration of low dose levels (1, 2 and 5 mg/kg/day) to rats for 28 days. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Rats showed clinical signs of salivation hyperactivity, ataxia at 2mg/kg/day dosage of phosphamidon and, in addition, lachrymation, tremor, exophthalmus and diarrhea at the highest level. On the other hand, endosulfan caused only hyperactivity in rats treated with the highest dosage. There was no mortality at any dosage of either pesticide. 2. Rats gained significantly lower body weight, when treated at the 5mg/kg/day dose levels of phosphamidon and endosulfan, in comparison to normal, nontreated rats. 3. Plasma cholinesterase activity was significantly depressed at all levels of phosphamidon during the administration period, but returned to normal within 2 weeks after the last administration. Endosulfan did not change plasma cholinesterase activity at any levels. 4. Leukopenia was detected only in rats treated with phosphamidon at 5mg/kg/day level. No other adverse changes in hematology were observed in rats treated either with phosphamidon at lower levels or with endosulfan at any levels. 5. Cloudy swelling of liver was the only histological change in rats treated with phosphamidon or endosulfan at the highest level. No other histopathological change in rats treated with phosphamidon or endosulfan at the highest level. No other histopathological symptoms were found in spleen, heart, kidney, and bone marrow of rats treated. 6. It may be concluded from the results above that the "no effect level" is 1 mg/kg/day and 2 mg/kg/day for phosphamidon and endosulfan, respectively.

HBS-SWMC 환경에서의 전환장치 설계 및 검증에 관한 연구

김종섭(Chong-sup Kim),조인제(In-je Cho),안종민(Jong-min Ahn),이동규(Dong-kyu Lee),박상선(Sang-seon Park),박성한(Sung-han Park) 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.7

Although non-real time simulation and pilot based evaluations are available for the development of flight control computer prior to real flight tests, there are still many risky factors. The control law designed for prototype aircraft often leads to degraded performance from the initial design objectives, therefore, the proper evaluation methods should be applied such that flight control law designed can be verified in real flight environment. The one proposed in this paper is IFS(In-Flight Simulator). Currently, this system has been implemented into the F-18 HARV(High Angle of Attack Research Vehicle), SU-27 and F-16 VISTA(Variable stability In flight Simulation Test Aircraft) programs. This paper addresses the concept of switching mechanism for FLCC(Flight Control Computer)-SWMC(Switching Mechanism Computer) using 1553B communication based on flight control law of advanced supersonic trainer. And, the fader logic of TFS(Transient Free Switch) and stand-by mode of reset ‘0’ type are designed to reduce abrupt transient and minimize the integrator effect in pitch axis control law. It hans been turned out from the pilot evaluation in real time that the aircraft is controllable during the inter-conversion process through the flight control computer, and level I handling qualities are guaranteed. In addition, flight safety is maintained with an acceptable transient response during aggressive maneuver performed in severe flight conditions.

春蘭 根莖의 暗培養時 NAA및 BA의 效果

李宗錫,蘇寅燮 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1985 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.2 No.-

種子播種에 依하여 얻어진 春蘭의 根莖을 Murashige & Skoog 培地에 暗培養하였을 境遇, 生育과 植物體分化에 미치는 NAA와 BA의 效果는 0.2∼10m/ℓ 水準까지 BA의 濃度가 높아질수록 根莖의 分枝數가 增加되었고 NAA의 濃度가 높아질수록 根莖의 길이가 增加되었다. 한편 暗狀態에서도 shoot와 뿌리가 分化되었는데 BA의 濃度가 높아질수록 shoot의 分化數가 增加되었으며 NAA 10mg/ℓ添加는 뿌리를 發生시켰다. 根莖의 生育 및 植物體 分化에 미치는 NAA와 BA는 混合處理하는 것이 效果的이었다. Effects of NAA and BA added to the Murashige & Skoog medium on the growth of Cymbidium virescens rhizome propagated from seed germination aseptically, and on the shoot and root formation from the rhizome were studied in continuous darkness. With increasing concentration from 0.2 to 10mg/ℓ, BA promoted proliferation of the rhizome tips, and NAA elongated the rhizomes. Although the rhizomes cultured in complete darkness, shoot induction was stimualted with incresing of BA concentration, and root was induced with addition of 10mg/ℓNAA. NAA combinated with BA was more effective rhizome growth and plantlet differentiation.