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투과전자현미경으로 살펴 본 자발형성 InAs/GaAs 양자점의 구조 및 응력 특성
김형석 ( Hyung Seok Kim ),서주형 ( Ju Hyung Suh ),박찬경 ( Chan Gyung Park ),이상준 ( Sang Jun Lee ),노삼규 ( Sam Kyu Noh ),송진동 ( Jin Dong Song ),박용주 ( Yong Ju Park ),최원준 ( Won Jun Choi ),이정일 ( Jung Il Lee ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2006 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.44 No.7
Self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) were grown by molecular-beam epitaxy and their structure and strain characteristics were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM investigations were performed by conventional bright field TEM, high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), annular dark field (ADF) and high angle annular dark filed (HAADF)-STEM techniques. In addition, strain analysis was performed on an atomic-length scale by measuring the space of lattices in HREM. The QDs were found to form a lens-shaped structure with side facet. Compressive strain was induced to uncapped QDs from GaAs substrate and the strain increased more than 3.5% after GaAs cap layer growth. On the other hand, tensile strain by capped QDs was induced to GaAs up tolO nm over the QDs, i.e. 15 nm over the wetting layer. It was also confirmed that the tensile strain extension resulted in aligned QD growth with 15 nm thick spacers. Vertically aligned QDs could be grown by the tensile strain from predeposited QDs when the thickness of GaAs spacer was less than 15 nm.
TEM Study on the Growth Characteristics of Self-Assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots
Kim, Hyung-Seok,Suh, Ju-Hyung,Park, Chan-Gyung,Lee, Sang-Jun,Noh, Sam-Gyu,Song, Jin-Dong,Park, Yong-Ju,Lee, Jung-Il Korean Society of Electron Microscopy 2006 Applied microscopy Vol.36 No.2
Self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) were grown by the atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) techniques, The structure and the thermal stability of QDs have been studied by high resolution electron microscopy with in-situ heating experiment capability, The ALE and MBE QDs were found to form a hemispherical structure with side facets in the early stage of growth, Upon capping by GaAs layer, however, the apex of QDs changed to a flat one. The ALE QDs have larger size and more regular shape than those of MBE QDs. The QDs collapse due to elevated temperature was observed directly in atomic scale, In situ heating experiment within TEM revealed that the uncapped QDs remained stable up to $580^{\circ}C$, However, at temperature above $600^{\circ}C$, the QDs collapsed due to the diffusion and evaporation of In and As from the QDs, The density of the QDs decreased abruptly by this collapse and most of them disappeared at above $600^{\circ}C$.
( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Sung-bum Cho ),( Woo Jin Chung ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Si-hyun Bae ),( Jun Young Park ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Sorafenib is the standard therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with extrahepatic metastasis (EHM). However, transarterial chemothembolization (TACE) which is a standard therapy for intermediate stage may be beneficial for controlling intrahepatic tumour, thereby providing chance of improving survival in HCC patients with EHM. We aimed to compare the efficacy between the sorafenib monotherapy and TACE-sorafenib sequential therapy in HCC patients with EHM. Methods: This study is a prospective randomized controlled study conducted at 6 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. HCC patients with EHM were enrolled and randomized into sorafenib monotherapy or TACE-sorafenib sequential therapy group. Patients with main portal vein invasion, Child-Pugh class B or C, and history of TACE or previous systemic therapy were excluded. The sorafenib monotherapy group received sorafenib immediately after randomization while the TACE-sorafenib group received 2~4 times of TACE before starting sorafenib. Response evaluation was performed every 2 months, and overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP), and progression free survival (PFS) were compared. We initially planned 130 patients for the present study, and the results of interim analysis are presented. Results: A total of 65 patients were enrolled currently: 33 patients into the monotherapy and 32 into the sequential therapy group. Baseline characteristics of the patients such as gender, age, aetiology of liver disease, Child-Pugh score, HCC stage, and tumour burden were not significantly different between two groups. Median OS were 6.4 (0.4-30.6) months and median TTP were 3.5 (0.9-25.7) months in all patients. The probability of survival rates were plotted by Kaplan-Meier curve and compared by log-rank test. Median OS were not different in both groups: monotherapy 4.3 (0.4-30.6) months and sequential therapy 7.4 (1.8-25.7) months (P=0.364). However, median TTP were longer in sequential therapy group: monotherapy 2.6 (0.9-9.3) months and sequential therapy 4.6 (1.0-25.7) months (P=0.003), and the median PFS were also better in the sequential therapy group: monotherapy 2.6 (0.4-9.3) months and sequential therapy 4.6 (1.0-25.7) months (P=0.015). The disease control rate were better in sequential therapy group: monotherapy 40.7% and sequential therapy 71.0% (P=0.020). Conclusions: The TACE-sorafenib sequential therapy would be a better strategy than sorafenib monotherapy for the treatment of HCC patients with EHM, especially, in controlling tumour progression.
( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Soon Koo Baik ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soo Young Park ),( Byung Ik Kim ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Heo Jung ),( Kwa 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: For the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), intravenous antibiotics such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, or ciprofloxacin has been used as the first-line agents for a period of time. However, considering the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance, it is unclear which of these drugs is still effective. The aim of study is to compare the efficacy of the three current antibiotics for the treatment of SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Methods: This is a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial. The primary hypothesis is that the efficacy of all the antibiotics would not be significantly different. This is a non-inferiority trial, and 87 patients for each group were needed to demonstrate it. Inclusion criteria were 16-70 years old liver cirrhosis patients with ascites, of which polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count >250/mm<sup>3</sup>. Patients with any evidence of secondary peritonitis were excluded. We administered antibiotics after randomization, and performed follow-up paracentesis at 48 hours (day 2) and 120 hours (day 5) of treatment for the assessment of resolution rates: decrease of PMN cell count in the ascetic fluid less than <250/mm<sup>3</sup> at day 5 was the primary efficacy endpoint. Results: This study was conducted at 9 tertiary hospitals of 7 universities. A total of 261 liver cirrhosis patients who developed SBP were enrolled. The resolution rates of SBP at day 5 were 69.1%, 76.2%, and 76.1% in cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin group, respectively. The efficacy was not different between the groups (P = 0.565). The early resolution rate of SBP at 48 hours were 54.5%, 53.1% and 51.9% (P = 0.946). The 1 month mortality after SBP was similar between the groups (P = 0.628). MELD score (OR 1.074, CI 1.009-1.144, P = 0.026) and the resolution at day 5 (OR 0.251, CI 0.094-0.670, P = 0.006) were significant factors for survival. Conclusions: The efficacy of primary antibiotics such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin were not significantly different. It is considered that these antibiotics are still efficacious as an initial treatment. MELD score and the resolution of SBP at day 5 were most important factors for short term survival.
서재철,김명훈,박희선,강동원,이규승,고동석,김근화,정성수,김형주,송규상,김주옥,김선영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.2
Cutaneous metastases from internal malignancy are uncommon. The frequency of metastases to the skin varies from 0.5-10%. Certain malignancy are more frequently associated than others with skin metastases. In men, the primary malignancy is most often found in the lung, in women, the most common primary malignancy is in the breast. The frequency of cutaneous metastasis from lung cancer varies from 0.7-3.1%. The incidence of cutaneous metastases is high for the large cell carcinomas and low for the squamous cell and small cell carcinomas. We report here a case of cutaneous metastasis from squamous cell lung cancer in a 60 year old male patient who has erythematous nodule on his finger. Biopsy specimen from the nodule showed squamous cell carcinoma like the primary lung cancer. We have reviewed the literature.
徐錫出,宋亨翼,鄭基澤 慶北大學校出版部 1987 慶北大農學誌 Vol.5 No.-
We investigated physico - chemical qroperties of hard wheat flours for frozen yeast - raised breaddmaking and freezing stability of frozen dough prepared by the straight no - time method. The general Composition of wheat flours were : moisture ;14.0%, ash ; 0.48%, protein ;13.15%, and dry gluten;13.43%. In farinograph data, development time and water absorption were 5.5 minutes and 62%, respectively. Amylograph maximum viscosity was 500 BU. Resistnace to extention increased with the time and their extensibility decreased in the extensigraph data. From these results obtained from these physico - chemical properties, it was confirmed that the used wheat flours were most suitable for bread - baking. Considering effect of gassing power on cold storage period and fermentation time, it was effective that dough temperature should be adjusted to 20℃ in order to decrease freezing injury and maintain freezing stability.
( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Soo Young Park ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Yun Soo Kim ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Heon Ju Lee ),( Joo Hyun Sohn ),( J 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) exhibits grave prognosis. To improve the outcome of HRS, we compared the efficacies of higher dose (6 mg) vs. standard dose (4 mg) of terlipressin. Methods: The inclusion criteria were cirrhotic patients with type-I HRS. The cut-off of creatinine (Cr) for inclusion was initially >2.5 mg/dL, but was lowered to >1.5 mg/dL during the study period upon update of the Diagnostic Criteria. After randomization, patients received the 1 mg of terlipressin intravenously every 4 hours (test group) or every 6 hours (control group) together with albumin infusion for 15 days. If the Cr was not improved by >30% after 72 hours of initiation, the dose was increased to 12 mg/day in the test group. The primary end point was decrease of serum Cr to a value of 1.5 mg/dL or serum Cr level of less than 50% compared with the baseline value. As a post-hoc exploratory analysis, we compared the clinical outcome of the patients who had baseline Cr <2.5 mg/dL vs. ≥ 2.5 mg/dL. Results: A total of 60 patients were enrolled. Sixteen of 29 patients (55.2%) achieved the primary end point in the test group, while 15 of 31 patients (48.4%) achieved it in the control group (P = 0.735). The survival rates at day 15 were 58.6% (17/29) and 64.5% (20/31), respectively (P = 0.639). In the post-hoc analysis, achievement rates of the primary end point were not different in patients with baseline Cr<2.5 mg/dL vs ≥2.5 mg/dL, either (66.7% vs. 46.7%, respectively, P = 0.180). However, rate of Cr normalization to <1.5 mg/dL (66.7% vs. 26.7%, respectively, P = 0.005) and the survival rate at day 15 (92.9% vs. 48.8%, respectively, P = 0.004) were significantly higher in patients with Cr<2.5 mg/dL than in patients with Cr≥ 2.5 mg/dL at baseline. Conclusions: Higher dose of terlipressin did not improve the outcome of HRS. However, early initiation of terlipressin may improve the response rate and the survival in patients with HRS.