오디첨가 요구르트의 발효특성

김혜경,배형철,남명수 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2003 농업과학연구 Vol.30 No.1

오디의 건강 효과와 유산균 배양시 발효촉진 효과를 기대한 새로운 요구르트 개발의 일환으로, 환원 탈지유에 건조방법에 따른 오디의 첨가와 오디 첨가수준을 달리 한 요구르트 제조시 pH, 산도, 유산균수의 변화, 오디요구르트의 저장성 및 관능검사를 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 생오디, 동결건조오디, 열풍건조오디는 보통 요구르트에 비하여 pH 저하와 산 생성의 증가가 빨라 발효촉진 효과를 보였으며, 처리구 간에는 동결건조오디나 열풍건조 오디에 비하여 생오디에서 그 효과가 두드러짐을 알 수 있었다. 2. 생오디의 첨가수준이 높을수록 pH 저하와 산생성의 증가가 빨라 발효촉진의 효과를 보였으며, 유산균수도 첨가수준이 높을수록 증가하였다. 3. 생오디 요구르트는 대조군에 비하여 유리당중의 fructose가 증가되었다. 4. 생오디 요구르트에서 lactic acid 함량은 대조군에 비하여 오디의 첨가량이 많을수록 더욱 증가되었다. 5. 생오디 요구르트의 관능검사 결과 외관(color), 맛(taste) 및 전체적인 기호도(overall acceptability)에서 유의적 차이를 보였으며, 향기(oder)와 조직감(texture)에서도 0.3%, 0.6% 처리구에 비하여 0.9%처리구가 좋은 결과를 보여 오디첨가요구르트의 제조 가능성을 보여주었다. 6. 생오디 요구르트의 저장실험 결과, 5℃에서 15일간 저장시 0.9% 오디첨가요구르트는 pH 4.04, 산도 1.082로 나타났고, 유산균수는 1.9×10^9cfu/ml로 우리나라의 호상 요구르트 총 유산균수 기준치 1.0×10^8cfu/ml를 초과하여 제품으로서의 우수성을 확인 할 수 있었다. This experiment was carried out to examine the fermentation properties of yogurt added fresh mulberry, freeze dried-mulberry and heated air dried-mulberry at concentrations of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%. Lactic acid bacteria was used mixed starter culture(Str.salivarius ssp. thermophilus and Lac. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus). We obtained excellent results from the yogurt added fresh mulberry. In yogurt added 0.9% fresh-mulberry, lactic acid contents and titratable acidity were higher than those of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% fresh-mulberry added. Also, sensory scores of color, taste and overall acceptability of the yogurt with 0.9% fresh mulberry was higher than those of any other groups.

페롭스카이트 촉매를 이용한 메탄의 포름알데히드로의 부분산화반응

김영준,강춘형,김영철,박남국,신재순 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 2002 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The direct conversion of methane or natural gas into useful hydrocarbon and oxygenated products has been the subject of extensive research during the past decade. Partial oxidation of methane to formaldehyde was studied in a fixed-bed continuous flow reactor at the temperature range of 473-973 K using perovskite catalyst. La was taken as a basic material in A site. Ni, Co and Fe have been studied to test the catalytic activity and HCHO selectivity in partial oxidation of methane. Then La in A site was replaced by Ce and Co to study the activity change. TPR and XRD analysis were compared in view of the catalytic activity. The order of activity was observed in the flollowing order: LaNiO_3 > LaCoO_3 > LaFeO_3. The highest HCHO selectivity was 16.4% on reduced LaNi_0.8Co_0.2NiO_3 at 450℃.

분말야금법으로 제조된 2124AI 합금의 빠른변형률속도 초소성 거동

金祐塡,張勝彦,南勝義,金亨駿 弘益大學校 科學基術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.2

Ceramic whisker or particulate reinforced aluminum based metal matrix composites show high room temperature strength, but their low formability makes it difficult to form into desired shapes. By superplastic deformation, their formability can be improved and it is possible to produce complex parts for automotive aerospace simultaneously instead of many near-net-shape forming operations. This study has been carried out to investigate the high temperature mechanical and superplastic properties in 2124Al alloy. SRC(Strain Rate Change) tests show that the value of n(stress exponent) is around 3 at high strain rate and above 5 at low strain rate. It was turned out that 212Al matrix alloy exhibited reasonably high tensile elongation above 250% with the broad range of temperature and strain rate. Especially, at 550℃, both materials showed very high elongation failure up to 700% for 2124Al alloy. The strength comparison is lower strength then 2124Al composites were obtained that the composite is lower strength than 2124Al alloy at superplastic region.

五令散의 作用機轉에 대한 考察

南炯臣,趙忠植,金哲中 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2001 한의학연구소 논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Oryoungsan which first recorded in Sanghanron, the clinical medical book consists of treating acute febrile disease according to its change, is one of the frequently used oriental medicines. these days, it has been prescribed in symptoms accompanied by edema mostly. therefore it is easy to consider it as a type of diuretics. In Sanghanron it was originally used in the symptoms of perspiration, decreased urine volume, thirsty, flatulence, these symptoms indicate loss of body fluid and the prescription which orders "taking warm water sufficiently" supports this. On this background, it is supposed that Oryoungsan treats dehydration after providing water and electrolytes. To consider that herbal medicines consisted of Oryoungsan make electrolytes go out of the body, The healing mechanism of dehydration doesn't meet this. Because Oryoungsan was used in condition of fever or in similar condition, it is more resonable to understand that restoration of increasing blood flow to the subcutaneous venous plexus regulating body temperature in febrile condition into body circulation, resulting into maintaining main blood volume and into treating decreased urine volume and thirsty is Oryoungsan's function in the dehydration or febrile condition. That is, symptoms are decreased or disappeared through restoring unbalance of internal body fluid. The other target is pain controls, especially chronic headache, facial pain and trigeminal neuralgia, it is suggested that the funciton of pain control of Oryoungsan is related to 5-HT(5-hydroxytrypamine), nerve transmitter in the endogenous analgesic system. Moreover it is also suggested that Oryoungsan is relate to 5-HT, considering the fact that gastroparesis, a symptom of cyclic vomiting syndrome treated with 5-HTID receptor agonist is similar to the 'bi(??)', symptoms appeared in the Oryoungsan-related disease.

연폭로여성근로자들에서의 생물학적 연폭로 지표들의 상호관계

남택승,한구웅,김형아,김정만,이광묵 가톨릭대학 산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1986 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.25 No.3

For the purpose of obtaining of an effective biological monitoring data in terms of evaluation the health consequences of lead absorption, the female workers in the electronic industry who have been exposed to low-level lead occupationally were chosen as the subjects of our studies. We observed the 9 parameters in not only 305 lead-exposed female workers who have been exposed to lead occupationally also 254 normal female subjects who have not been exposed to lead occupationally. The parameters chosen for this study were as follows, blood lead (PbB), urine lead (PbU), δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine(ALAU), coproporphyrin in urine(CPU), zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood(ZPP), hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(Ht), δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase(ALAD) activity & ALAD activity ratio(A/R; absorbance at substrate pH 6.6/absorbance at substrate pH 5.8). The results obtained were as follows: 1. The average age of the lead-exposed female workers in the electronic industry and in the normal female subjects were 20.5±4.2 years and 21.7±3.5 years, respectively. 2. The average work duration of the lead-exposed female workers in the electronic industry was 26.4±19.4 months 3. The mean value of PbB of the lead-exposed female workers in the electronic industry and in the normal female subjects were 30.18±6.64㎍/100ml and 21.61±3.84㎍/100ml respectively. 4. In the lead-exposed female workers of the electronic industry and of the normal female subjects, the mean value of ZPP were 36.22±0.69㎍/100ml and 24.64±7.21㎍/100ml, respectively 5. In the lead-exposed female workers of the electronic industry and of the normal female subjects, the mean value of Hb were 13.98±0.57g/100ml and 14.09±0.66g/100ml, respectively. 6. The mean value of the lead-exposed female workers in the electronic industry were 55.07±17.61㎍/1 for PbU, 1.93±0.69mg/1 for ALAU, and 49.74±22.79㎍/1 for CPU, while in the normal female subjects, 44.27±15.76㎍/1 for PbU, 1.46±0.55mg/ 1 for ALAU, and 38.66±17.99㎍/1 for CPU. 7. Among various pairing of the parameters of lead exposure in the female lead-exposed workers and in the normal female subjects, the correlation between PbB and ZPP showed the highest coefficient value.

커뮤니티 개념을 적용한 도시하천 수변공간 정비방안에 관한 연구

김형태,이윤남,장준호 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 自然科學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

급속한 도시화의 과정에서 기존의 도시하천정비는 공공의 논리로 이수, 치수목적에 큰 비중을 두었다. 그 결과 도시하천의 생태계 파괴는 물론, 획일적인 개발형태로 인하여 경관에 많은 문제점을 지니게 되었고, 특히 대도시 내에서의 하천은 그 경향이 심각하게 나타나게 됨에 따라 도시민에게 외면당하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점 해결방안으로 커뮤니티 개념을 적용한 접근 방법을 시도함으로써 새로운 문화와 상징을 창출하고 해당지역 주민에게 정비사업에의 참여를 통한 지역애와 지역공동체성을 함양시킬 수 있는 새로운 방안을 모색해보고자 한다. During the rapid urbanizing period, consolidating the urban waterfront system was likely to be regarded to leave the water or to regulate waterfront by the public logic. According to this research as a result, we have a lot of problems not only about the destruction of ecosystem but also about their appearance by the exact same development forms. As the problem is being more serious in the metropolitan areas, the residents don't care any more. So here, we are trying to solve this problem by approaching the concept of the community planning, so that we can creat the new cultural symbol and also we can make the fascinating space that people can feel their place more like home and give them comfortable through citizen participation.

중합효소연쇄 반응법에 의한 인형거대세포바이러스(human cytomegalovirus)의 신속한 검출

김의종,오명돈,박기호,신형식,이환종,김남중,최강원 대한감염학회 1996 감염 Vol.28 No.4

목 적 : 인형거대세포바이러스(HCMV)는 면역 저하 환자에서 폐렴, 망막염, 간염 등 치명적인 감염증의 원인이다. 전통적인 세포 배양법으로 HCMV를 분리하기까지는 1주에서 4주가 걸리므로 이 바이러스에 의한 질환이 의심되는 경우 신속한 진단법을 이용한 진단이 바람직하다. 저자들은 한국에서 분리되는 야생주 HCMV를 검출하는데 중합효소 연쇄 반응법을 이용할 경우의 진단적 유용성을 알기 위하여, 전통적인 세포배양법으로 HCMV가 분리된 검체를 이용하여 중합효소 연쇄 반응법의 특이도와 민감도를 평가하였다. 방 법 : 국내 야생주 HCMV 15주, 그리고 전통적인 바이러스 배양법으로 HCMV가 분리된 소변 15검체를 대상으로 중합효소 연쇄 반응을 실시하였다. 중합효소 연쇄 반응은 Towne주의 immediate early antigen의 유전자에서 유리된 primer MIE와 AD169주의 immediate early antigen의 유전자에서 유리된 primer IE를 이용하였다. 증폭 산물은 겔 전기영동 후 EtBR으로 염색하여 자외선 하에서 관찰하였다. Primer IE에 의한 증폭산물은 또한, DNA blot hybridization 방법으로 확인하였다. 결 과 : 1) 국내 HCMV 야생주 15주를 대상으로 중합효소 연쇄 반응을 한 결과 primer IE를 이용한 경우에는 100%(15/15)에서 177bp의 증폭 산물이 관찰되었고, 이들 증폭 산물은 모두 probe IE와 보합 결합되었다. primer MIE를 이용한 경우에는 93%(14/15)에서 435bp의 증폭 산물이 관찰되었다. 2) 세포 배양법으로 HCMV가 분리된 소변 15검체를 대상으로 primer IE를 이용하여 중합효소 연쇄 반응을 한 결과 direct gel analysis 법으로는 73%(11/15)에서, 보합 결합법으로는 87%(13/15)에서 관찰되었다. Primer MIE를 이용한 경우에는 direct gel analysis법으로 87%(13/15)에서 435bp의 증폭 산물이 검출되었다. 결 론 : Primer IE와 MIE를 이용한 중합효소 연쇄 반응법은 국내 야생주 HCMV를 신속히 검출하는데 유용한 검사법이다. Background : Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) can cause pneumonitis, hepatitis, retinitis and other serious diseases in the immunocompromised patients. It takes 1 to 4 weeks to diagnose HCMV infection by conventional virus culture. Therefore, when HCMV diseases are suspected, a rapid diagnostic method such as polymerase chain reaction(PCR), antigen assay or shell vial culture is desirable. We evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a PCR for the rapid detection of HCMV wild strains in Korea. Methods : We used 2 sets of primers ; primer IE and primer MIE derived from the sequence for immediate early gene of AD169 strain and Towne strain, respectively. Fifteen clinical isolates of HCMV, suspended in MRC-5 cells, were amplified by PCR. Fifteen urine specimens which were positive for HCMV by conventional virus culture were also amplified. Amplification products were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The products from PCR with primer IE were also identified by DNA blot hybridization. Results : PCR using primer IE gave the PCR products in all of the 15 HCMV wild strains. All of these were hybridized with probe IE. When primer MIE were used, 93%(14/15) of the wild strains showed amplified bands by direct gel analysis. When the urine specimens were amplified by PCR with primer IE, amplified bands were seen in 73%(11/15) by direct gel analysis ; 87%(13/15) by hybridization method. When primer MIE were used, 87%(13/15) of the urine specimens showed the PCR products by direct gel analysis. Conclusion : Polymerase chain reaction with primer IE and MIE may be a specific and sensitive diagnostic method for rapid detection of HCMV wild strains in Korea.

석·골재의 분류 및 패턴 분류

남부희,박민현,김형배 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2000 석재연 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

우리는 DWT를 적용하요 석ㆍ골재의 패턴 분류와 인식을 위한 테이타베이스를 구축하였다. 우선, 우리는 이미지의 각 row 벡터를 DWT를 수행하여 각 row 벡터마다 특징값을 얻는다. 그리고나서 같은 방법으로 row 벡터의 특징값을 이미지전체의 특징 값을 얻을 때가지 DWT를 반복해서 수행한다. 그런 다음 우리는 이미지의 히스트그램을 얻는다. 특징 값과 히스토그램은 이미지의 특징을 나타낸다. CCD 카메라로 새로운 이미지를 얻었을 때 우리는 먼저 특징 값과 히스트그램을 얻는 과정을 수행한다. 그 특징 값을 가지고 패턴 원형을 찾기 위해 저장된 특징 값과 비교하여 비슷한 값들을 찾아낸다. 그리고 입력 데이터의 히스트그램을 가지고 이전 과정에서 찾아낸 이미지들의 히스트그램과 비교하여 가장 유사한 패턴 원형을 찾아낸다. 이 방법은 석ㆍ골재의 자동분류를 할 수 있도록 하여 생상선 향상과 비용절감을 가능하게 한다. We built some database of stone and aggregate resources for classification and pattern recognition using DWT(discrete wavelet transform). First, we perform one dimensional DWT for each row of the image and obtain one value for each row of image. Then we perform again the same DWT for them to get a feature value. Next, we evaluate the histogram of input image data. The feature value and histogram represent the feature of image data. when an image data achieved by CCD camera, we perform same process again to get a feature value and a histogram. the feature value is compared with stored feature values to choose candidates. And then the histogram of input data is compared with some histogram value of candidates to find target image. this method can be adapted to automation of manufacturing of stone and aggregate resources for high quality low cost products.

저 소음/저 진동 철도 감속기 개발에 대한 연구

김인환,허남수,이형우 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2003 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.10

A dynamic model of railway reduction is developed by the lumped parameter method. The model accounts for shafts, bearings flexibilities, gyroscopic effects and the force couplings among the transverse and torsion motions due to gearing. Excitation forces of railway reduction are considered as the mass unbalance of the rotors and a function of gear transmission error which comes from the modified tooth surface. A Campbell diagram, in which the excitation sources caused by the mass unbalance of the rotors and the transmittea errors of the gearing are considered, shows that, at the operating speed, there are not the critical speed The program which can be used to analyze and predict the vibrational characteristics by mass unbalance and gear transmission error of railway reduction is developed with this system model.

[논문]실험시설 기초의 진동사용성 분석

최형석,전법규,김남식,정진환 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2007 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.66 No.-

건물에 작용하는 진동하중은 구조물 자체의 성능에 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 거주하는 사람이나 작업기계 동에 나쁜 영향을 가져올 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 진동에 대한 영향을 평가하는 국내외의 기준에 대하여 고찰하고 다양한 하중과 주파수 대역에서 실험이 가능한 대형지진모사 실험센터에 대한 진동영향 평가를 수행하여 사용성 저하 여부를 확인하였다.