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Berberine Promotes Axonal Regeneration in Injured Nerves of the Peripheral Nervous System
Ah Mi Han,Hwon Heo,김윤희 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.4
Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid component of Coptidis Rhizoma (goldenthread) extract, has been reported to have therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral ischemia, and schizophrenia. We have previously shown that berberine promotes the survival and differentiation of hippocampal precursor cells. In a memory-impaired rat model induced by ibotenic acid injection, the survival of pyramidal and granular cells was greatly increased in the hippocampus by berberine administration. In the present study, we investigated the effects of berberine on neurite outgrowth in the SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line and axonal regeneration in the rat peripheral nervous system (PNS). Berberine enhanced neurite extension in differentiating SH-SY5Y cells at concentrations of 0.25–3 lg/mL. In an injury model of the rat sciatic nerve, we examined the neuroregenerative effects of berberine on axonal remyelination by using immunohistochemical analysis. Four weeks after berberine administration (20 mg/kg i.p. once per day for 1 week), the thickness of remyelinated axons improved approximately 1.4-fold in the distal stump of the injury site. Taken together, these results indicate that berberine promotes neurite extension and axonal regeneration in injured nerves of the PNS.
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Kim, So Young,Heo, Hwon,Kim, Doo Hee,Kim, Hyun Jin,Oh, Seung-ha Hindawi 2018 BioMed research international Vol.2018 No.-
<P>Single-sided deafness (SSD) induces cortical neural plastic changes according to duration of deafness. However, it is still unclear how the auditory cortical changes accompany the subcortical neural changes. The present study aimed to find the neural plastic changes in the cortical and subcortical auditory system following adult-onset single-sided deafness (SSD) using Mn-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI). B57BL/6 mice (postnatal 8-week-old) were divided into three groups: the SSD-4-week group (postnatal 12-week-old, n = 11), the SSD-8-week group (postnatal 16-week-old, n = 11), and a normal-hearing control group (postnatal 8-week-old, n = 9). The left cochlea was ablated in the SSD groups. White Gaussian noise was delivered for 24 h before MEMRI acquisition. T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted MRI data were analyzed from the cochlear nucleus (CN), superior olivary complex (SOC), lateral lemniscus (LL), inferior colliculus (IC), medial geniculate body (MG), and auditory cortex (AC). The differences in relative Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>-enhanced signal intensities (Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>SI) and laterality were analyzed between the groups. Four weeks after the SSD procedure, the ipsilateral side of the SSD showed significantly lower Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>SI in the CN than the control group. On the other hand, the contralateral side of the SSD demonstrated significantly lower Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>SI in the SOC, LL, and IC. These decreased Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>SI values were partially recovered at 8 weeks after the SSD procedure. The interaural Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>SI differences representing the interaural dominance were highest in CN and then became less prominently higher in the auditory neural system. The SSD-8-week group still showed interaural differences in the CN, LL, and IC. In contrast, the MG and AC did not show any significant intergroup or interaural differences in Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>SI. In conclusion, subcortical auditory neural activities were decreased after SSD, and the interaural differences were diluted in the higher auditory nervous system. These findings were attenuated with time. Subcortical auditory neural changes after SSD may contribute to the change in tinnitus severity and the outcomes of cochlear implantation in SSD patients.</P>
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So Yeong Jeong,Chong Hyun Suh,Hwon Heo,Woo Hyun Shim,Sang Joon Kim 대한자기공명의과학회 2022 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.26 No.4
In aging societies, incidences of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are increasing. Neurodegenerative diseases are bringing main challenges to the healthcare system in today’s world. Analyzing characteristic imaging patterns of patients with neurodegenerative diseases is important. Since objective and reliable imaging assessments and precise analyses can lead to early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, imaging patterns are being increasingly investigated. Artificial intelligence (AI) analyzing brain MRI has been applied to neurodegenerative diseases, providing added value in early diagnosis. MRI-based AI software has been developed and studied worldwide, with some AI-based software already being used in actual clinical care. Currently, there are MRI-based volumetry and segmentation software available. There is also an unmet demand for the application of AI in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review current status and unmet needs for application of AI in neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss current limitations of AI, suggestion for AI-based software, and how it can be clinically applied in the future.
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Kim, Hyeonjin,Kim, Sungjin,Lee, Hyeong Hun,Heo, Hwon The Korean Society of Radiology 2016 KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol.17 No.5
<P>The diagnostic and prognostic potential of an onco-metabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) as a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) detectable biomarker of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutated (IDH-MT) gliomas has drawn attention of neuroradiologists recently. However, due to severe spectral overlap with background signals, quantification of 2HG can be very challenging. In this technical review for neuroradiologists, first, the biochemistry of 2HG and its significance in the diagnosis of IDH-MT gliomas are summarized. Secondly, various 1H-MRS methods used in the previous studies are outlined. Finally, wereview previous <I>in vivo</I> studies, and discuss the current status of 1H-MRS in the diagnosis of IDH-MT gliomas.</P>
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김현진,Sungjin Kim,Hyeong Hun Lee,Hwon Heo 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.5
The diagnostic and prognostic potential of an onco-metabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) as a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) detectable biomarker of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutated (IDH-MT) gliomas has drawn attention of neuroradiologists recently. However, due to severe spectral overlap with background signals, quantification of 2HG can be very challenging. In this technical review for neuroradiologists, first, the biochemistry of 2HG and its significance in the diagnosis of IDH-MT gliomas are summarized. Secondly, various 1H-MRS methods used in the previous studies are outlined. Finally, wereview previous in vivo studies, and discuss the current status of 1H-MRS in the diagnosis of IDH-MT gliomas.
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Joung, In-Sil,Yoo, Min-Joo,Woo, Ji-Hyoun,Chang, Chi-Young,Heo, Hwon,KimKwon, Yun-Hee Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.5
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) signaling pathways control Schwann cells during axonal regeneration in an injured peripheral nervous system. We investigated whether a persistent supply of recombinant NRG1 to the injury site could improve axonal growth and recovery of sensory and motor functions in rats during nerve regeneration. We generated a recombinant adenovirus expressing a secreted form of EGF-like domain from Heregulin${\beta}$ (sHRG${\beta}$E-Ad). This virus, sHRG${\beta}$EAd allowed for the secretion of 30-50 ng of small sHRG${\beta}$E peptides per $10^{7-8}$ virus particle outside cells and was able to phosphorylate ErbB receptors. Transduction of the concentrated sHRG${\beta}$E-Ad into an axotomy model of sciatic nerve damage caused an effective promotion of nerve regeneration, as shown by histological features of the axons and Schwann cells, as well as increased expression of neurofilaments, GAP43 and S100 in the distal stump of the injury site. This result is consistent with longer axon lengths and thicker calibers observed in the sHRG${\beta}$E-Ad treated animals. Furthermore, sensory and motor functions were significantly improved in sHRG${\beta}$E-Ad treated animals when evaluated by a behavioral test. These results suggest a therapeutic potential for sHRG${\beta}$E-Ad in treatment of peripheral nerve injury.
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퇴행성 뇌질환에서 뇌 자기공명영상 기반 인공지능 소프트웨어 활용의 현재
So Yeong Jeong,Chong Hyun Suh,Ho Young Park,Hwon Heo,Woo Hyun Shim,Sang Joon Kim 대한영상의학회 2022 대한영상의학회지 Vol.83 No.3
The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases in the older population has increased in recent years. A considerable number of studies have been performed to characterize these diseases. Imaging analysis is an important biomarker for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease. Objective and reliable assessment and precise detection are important for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Artificial intelligence (AI) using brain MRI applied to the study of neurodegenerative diseases could promote early diagnosis and optimal decisions for treatment plans. MRI-based AI software have been developed and studied worldwide. Representatively, there are MRI-based volumetry and segmentation software. In this review, we present the development process of brain volumetry analysis software in neurodegenerative diseases, currently used and developed AI software for neurodegenerative disease in the Republic of Korea, probable uses of AI in the future, and AI software limitations.
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Lee Suiji,Suh Chong Hyun,Jo Sungyang,Chung Sun Ju,Heo Hwon,Shim Woo Hyun,Lee Jongho,Kim Ho Sung,Kim Sang Joon,Kim Eung Yeop 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.3
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of susceptibility map-weighted imaging (SMwI) taken in different acquisition planes for discriminating patients with neurodegenerative parkinsonism from those without. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-institution study enrolled consecutive patients who visited movement disorder clinics and underwent brain MRI and 18F-FP-CIT PET between September 2021 and December 2021. SMwI images were acquired in both the oblique (perpendicular to the midbrain) and the anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC) planes. Hyperintensity in the substantia nigra was determined by two neuroradiologists. 18F-FP-CIT PET was used as the reference standard. Inter-rater agreement was assessed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. The diagnostic performance of SMwI in the two planes was analyzed separately for the right and left substantia nigra. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with generalized estimating equations was applied to compare the diagnostic performance of the two planes. Results: In total, 194 patients were included, of whom 105 and 103 had positive results on 18F-FP-CIT PET in the left and right substantia nigra, respectively. Good inter-rater agreement in the oblique (κ = 0.772/0.658 for left/right) and AC-PC planes (0.730/0.741 for left/right) was confirmed. The pooled sensitivities for two readers were 86.4% (178/206, left) and 83.3% (175/210, right) in the oblique plane and 87.4% (180/206, left) and 87.6% (184/210, right) in the AC-PC plane. The pooled specificities for two readers were 83.5% (152/182, left) and 82.0% (146/178, right) in the oblique plane, and 83.5% (152/182, left) and 86.0% (153/178, right) in the AC-PC plane. There were no significant differences in the diagnostic performance between the two planes (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There are no significant difference in the diagnostic performance of SMwI performed in the oblique and AC-PC plane in discriminating patients with parkinsonism from those without. This finding affirms that each institution may choose the imaging plane for SMwI according to their clinical settings.
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