Development of Nested PCR, Multiplex PCR, and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for Rapid Detection of Cylindrocladium scoparium on Eucalyptus

Qiao, Tian-Min,Zhang, Jing,Li, Shu-Jiang,Han, Shan,Zhu, Tian-Hui The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.5

Eucalyptus dieback disease, caused by Cylindrocladium scoparium, has occurred in last few years in large Eucalyptus planting areas in China and other countries. Rapid, simple, and reliable diagnostic techniques are desired for the early detection of Eucalyptus dieback of C. scoparium prior to formulation of efficient control plan. For this purpose, three PCR-based methods of nested PCR, multiplex PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) were developed for detection of C. scoparium based on factor 1-alpha (tef1) and beta-tubulin gene in this study. All of the three methods showed highly specific to C. scoparium. The sensitivities of the nested PCR and LAMP were much higher than the multiplex PCR. The sensitivity of multiplex PCR was also higher than regular PCR. C. scoparium could be detected within 60 min from infected Eucalyptus plants by LAMP, while at least 2 h was needed by the rest two methods. Using different Eucalyptus tissues as samples for C. scoparium detection, all of the three PCR-based methods showed much better detection results than regular PCR. Base on the results from this study, we concluded that any of the three PCR-based methods could be used as diagnostic technology for the development of efficient strategies of Eucalyptus dieback disease control. Particularly, LAMP was the most practical method in field application because of its one-step and rapid reaction, simple operation, single-tube utilization, and simple visualization of amplification products.

Development of Nested PCR, Multiplex PCR, and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for Rapid Detection of Cylindrocladium scoparium on Eucalyptus

Tian-Min Qiao,Jing Zhang,Shu-Jiang Li,Shan Han,Tian-Hui Zhu 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.5

Eucalyptus dieback disease, caused by Cylindrocladiumscoparium, has occurred in last few years in largeEucalyptus planting areas in China and other countries. Rapid, simple, and reliable diagnostic techniquesare desired for the early detection of Eucalyptus diebackof C. scoparium prior to formulation of efficientcontrol plan. For this purpose, three PCR-based methodsof nested PCR, multiplex PCR, loop-mediatedisothermal amplification (LAMP) were developed fordetection of C. scoparium based on factor 1-alpha (tef1)and beta-tubulin gene in this study. All of the threemethods showed highly specific to C. scoparium. Thesensitivities of the nested PCR and LAMP were muchhigher than the multiplex PCR. The sensitivity of multiplexPCR was also higher than regular PCR. C. scopariumcould be detected within 60 min from infectedEucalyptus plants by LAMP, while at least 2 h wasneeded by the rest two methods. Using different Eucalyptustissues as samples for C. scoparium detection,all of the three PCR-based methods showed muchbetter detection results than regular PCR. Base on theresults from this study, we concluded that any of thethree PCR-based methods could be used as diagnostictechnology for the development of efficient strategiesof Eucalyptus dieback disease control. Particularly,LAMP was the most practical method in field applicationbecause of its one-step and rapid reaction, simpleoperation, single-tube utilization, and simple visualizationof amplification products.

Polymorphisms in TYMS for Prediction of Capecitabine-Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome in Chinese Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Si-Qi Dong,Tong-Min Wang,Jiang-Bo Zhang,Yong-Qiao He,Wen-Qiong Xue,Zi-Yi Wu,Da-Wei Yang,Lian-Jing Cao,Jing-Wen Huang,Xi-Zhao Li,Pei-Fen Zhang,Xiao-Hui Zheng,Wei-Hua Jia 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.3

Purpose Capecitabine is an extensively used oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil in treatment of colon cancer and is known to cause hand-foot syndrome (HFS). As the target enzyme for capecitabine, thymidylate synthase (TYMS) plays a key role for 5-fluorouracil metabolism and has been associated with some side effects caused by capecitabine. The aim of our study is to identify the possible genetic predictors of capecitabine-induced HFS (CAP-HFS) in Chinese colorectal cancer patients.Materials and Methods Whole exons of TYMS were sequenced for 288 extreme phenotype HFS patients, including 144 severe or early-onset (first 2 cycles) moderate HFS extreme cases and 144 extreme controls with no reported HFS. The associations between polymorphisms and CAP-HFS were analyzed using logistic regression under an additive model.Results We identified a novel risk mutation (c.1A>G, chr18:657743), was associated with severe HFS in an extreme case who was affected during the first cycle of treatment. Moreover, we identified three new variants, rs3786362, rs699517, rs2790, and two previously reported variants, 5’VNTR 2R/3R and 3′-untranslated region 6-bp ins-del, which were significantly associated with CAP-HFS (p < 0.05). In silico analysis revealed that the effect of these polymorphisms in the TYMS region on the development of HFS might not be restricted solely to the regulation of TYMS expression, but also the TYMS catalytic activity through the indirect effect on ENOSF1 expression.Conclusion This study identified new polymorphisms in TYMS gene significantly associated with CAP-HFS, which may serve as useful genetic predictors for CAP-HFS and help to elucidate the underlying mechanism of HFS.

Phytochemistry and pharmacology of natural prenylated flavonoids

Hua-Wei Lv,Qiao-Liang Wang,Meng Luo,Meng-Di Zhu,Hui-Min Liang,Wen-Jing Li,Hai Cai,Zhong-Bo Zhou,Hong Wang,Sheng-Qiang Tong,Xing-Nuo Li 대한약학회 2023 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.46 No.4

Prenylated flavonoids are a special kind of flavonoid derivative possessing one or more prenyl groups in the parent nucleus of the flavonoid. The presence of the prenyl side chain enriched the structural diversity of flavonoids and increased their bioactivity and bioavailability. Prenylated flavonoids show a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective effects, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities. In recent years, many compounds with significant activity have been discovered with the continuous excavation of the medicinal value of prenylated flavonoids, and have attracted the extensive attention of pharmacologists. This review summarizes recent progress on research into natural active prenylated flavonoids to promote new discoveries of their medicinal value.

VHL Gene Mutation Analysis of a Chinese Family with Non-Syndromic Pheochromocytomas and Patients with Apparently Sporadic Pheochromocytoma

Zhang, Bin,Qian, Jing,Chang, De-Hui,Wang, Yang-Min,Zhou, Da-Hai,Qiao, Gou-Mei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5

Objective: The Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHLD), an inherited neoplastic syndrome predisposing to central nervous system hemangioblastoma (CNS), pheochromocytoma (PCC), renal cell carcinoma(RCC), retinal hemangioma (RA) and renal cysts, is caused by mutations or deletions of the VHL tumor-suppressor gene. To assess VHL genotype-phenotype correlations with function of pVHL a gene mutation analysis of members in a Chinese family with non-syndromic PCCs and individuals with apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma (ASP) was performed. Materials and Methods: DNA samples of 20 members from the Chinese family with non-syndromic PCCs and 41 patients with ASP were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing, confirmed by Taqman probe. Results: Three novel mutations (H125P, 623(^TTTGTtG) and R120T) were identified in the Chinese family and in 3 among 41 ASP patients. The mutations were all located in exon 2 of VHL gene encoding ${\beta}$-domain of pVHL. The tumor type in H125P carriers and R120T carriers was VHL type 2C. And 623(^TTTGTtG) carriers presented VHL type 2B or type 2C. Conclusions: VHL gene abnormalities were identified in the Chinese family with non-syndromic PCCs and patients with APS, resulting in dysfunction of pVHL. H125P and R120T could be associated with VHL type 2C, while 623(^TTTGTtG) might be linked with VHL type 2B or type 2C. Not only is the genetic analysis helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of patients with VHLD, it is also benefitial for research intoVHLD pathogenesis.

Effects of the Environment and Temperature on the Tribological Behavior of TiZrHfNbTa Refractory High-Entropy Alloy

Qing Zhao,Xi Jin,Xiao hui Shi,Hui jun Yang,Min Zhang,Junwei Qiao 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.8

The tribological behavior of TiZrHfNbTa refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) sliding against Si3N4ball was investigatedin the air, deionized water and seawater at room temperature as well as under dry condition at high temperature. The resultsshowed that the TiZrHfNbTa RHEA was composed of single BCC phase. The wear rate in air, deionized water and seawaterreached the maximum value of 3.02 × 10−4 mm3/(Nm), 2 × 10−4 mm3/(Nm) and 3.18 × 10−4 mm3/(Nm) at 10 N, respectively. Moreover, the wear rate in deionized water was much lower than that in air, while the wear rate in seawater was close to thatin air. The wear mechanisms were all transitioned from the abrasive wear to adhesive wear with increasing the normal load. At high temperature, the wear rate increased first and then decreased, reached the maximum value of 2.04 × 10–4 mm3/(Nm)at 500 ℃. In addition, oxidation occurred at 400 ℃. The wear mechanism changed from the abrasive wear to oxidation wearat high temperature.

Compact Band Notched Slot Antenna for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Applications Based on Strong Couplings Slots

Shan Shan Gao,Jia-Lin Li,Hui Min Qiao 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.5

A planar slot antenna operating at 2.75–9.75 GHz is studied for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications, where three controllable notched bands centered at 4, 5.9 and 8.45 GHz are further introduced to avoid some potential interferences. The elliptical slots and coplanar waveguide feeding lines are incorporated to achieve desired UWB operation. By introducing a V-shaped and two U-shaped slots on the CPW signal line, three notched bands are implemented, and each notch band can be adjusted independently. Measurements on the developed demonstrator match with the numerical simulations.