Phytochemistry and pharmacology of natural prenylated flavonoids

Hua-Wei Lv,Qiao-Liang Wang,Meng Luo,Meng-Di Zhu,Hui-Min Liang,Wen-Jing Li,Hai Cai,Zhong-Bo Zhou,Hong Wang,Sheng-Qiang Tong,Xing-Nuo Li 대한약학회 2023 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.46 No.4

Prenylated flavonoids are a special kind of flavonoid derivative possessing one or more prenyl groups in the parent nucleus of the flavonoid. The presence of the prenyl side chain enriched the structural diversity of flavonoids and increased their bioactivity and bioavailability. Prenylated flavonoids show a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective effects, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities. In recent years, many compounds with significant activity have been discovered with the continuous excavation of the medicinal value of prenylated flavonoids, and have attracted the extensive attention of pharmacologists. This review summarizes recent progress on research into natural active prenylated flavonoids to promote new discoveries of their medicinal value.

Design of 2-DOF decoupled large stroke precision positioning platform

Hua-wei Ji,Bo Lv,Tian-yi Li,Fan Yang,An-qi Qi,Xin Wu,Jing Ni 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.12

Aiming at the problem that the output displacement of the piezoelectric actuator is small and the coupling motion of the positioning platform affects the positioning accuracy, we designed a 2-DOF decoupling large-stroke precision positioning platform. First, a dynamic model based on the lumped mass method was established and verified by simulation. The multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm was used to optimize the structural size parameters of the positioning platform, and the optimal solution set of the structural size parameters of the positioning platform was obtained. Finally, according to the theoretical and simulation results, a prototype was fabricated and the working stroke, decoupling performance and natural frequency were tested experimentally. The results show the coupling rates between axes of the positioning platform in the x-direction and y-direction are 1.31 % and 1.62 %, respectively, the natural frequency is 337.2 Hz, and the positioning stroke is 89.2 μm×85.9 μm. The positioning platform designed in this paper is decoupled and has a large output stroke.

Relative Abundance of a Vector of Scrub Typhus, Leptotrombidium sialkotense, in Southern Yunnan Province, China

Yan Lv,Xian-Guo Guo,Dao-chao Jin,Wen-Yu Song,Rong Fan,Cheng-Fu Zhao,Zhi-Wei Zhang,Ke-Yu Mao,Yun-Ji Zou,Zhi-Hua Yang 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.58 No.2

The chigger mite Leptotrombidium sialkotense is one of the 6 main vectors of scrub typhus in China. Before present study, L. sialkotense was found in some parts of Hunan province, China with a narrow geographical distribution. During field investigation 2016-2017, we found L. sialkotense in Jingha, southern Yunnan, China. Of 15 small mammal host species, L. sialkotense were collected from 6 species of the hosts. Rattus brunneusculus was a dominant host of L. sialkotense, from which 98.3% of the mites were collected. The chigger mite showed a relatively high infestation prevalence (PM=11.7%) and mean abundance (MA=0.5) in comparison with the rest 5 host species. These results reveal a certain host specificity of L. sialkotense to a rat R. brunneusculus. The mite L. sialkotense showed an aggregated distribution on the host (P<0.05). A positive correlation observed between L. sialkotense and the body length of hosts. There was a positive interspecific association between L. sialkotense and 2 other dominant vectors, L. deliense and L. scutellare.

Effects of graphite additives in electrolytes on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Alumina PEO coatings

Guo-Hua Lv,Huan Chen,Wei-Chao Gu,Wen-Ran Feng,Li Li,Er-Wu Niu,Xian-Hui Zhang,Si-Ze Yang 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3

In the present work, graphite grains of different sizes were added into the electrolyte to prepare ceramic coatings on aluminum by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis system (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to characterize the coatings. A three-electrode system was used to evaluate the corrosion performances of the coatings in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. It was found that the morphology and corrosion performance of the coatings were significantly influenced by the size of the graphite grains. Compared with bigger graphite grains, finer ones were involved in the oxidation process and embedded within the ceramic coatings, which made the coatings less porous and more compact. Thus, the corrosion resistance of the coatings with embedded graphite grains was greatly improved. In the present work, graphite grains of different sizes were added into the electrolyte to prepare ceramic coatings on aluminum by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis system (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to characterize the coatings. A three-electrode system was used to evaluate the corrosion performances of the coatings in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. It was found that the morphology and corrosion performance of the coatings were significantly influenced by the size of the graphite grains. Compared with bigger graphite grains, finer ones were involved in the oxidation process and embedded within the ceramic coatings, which made the coatings less porous and more compact. Thus, the corrosion resistance of the coatings with embedded graphite grains was greatly improved.

A National Study of Survival Trends and Conditional Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Analysis of the National Population-Based Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Registry

Jia-Wei Lv,Xiao-Dan Huang,Yu-Pei Chen,Guan-Qun Zhou,Ling-Long Tang,Yan-Ping Mao,Wen-Fei Li,Ai-Hua Lin,Jun Ma,Ying Sun 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.2

Purpose Conditional survival (CS) provides important information on survival for a period of time after diagnosis. Currently, information on CS patterns of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is lacking. We aimed to analyze survival rate over time and estimate CS for NPC patients using a national population-based registry. Materials and Methods Patients diagnosed with NPC between 1973 and 2007 with at least 5-year follow-up were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology End Results registry. Traditional survival rates and crude CS estimates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Risk-adjusted survival curves were plotted from the proportional hazards model using the correct group prognosis method. Results For 7,713 patients analyzed, adjusted baseline 5-year overall survival improved significantly from 36.0% in patients diagnosed in 1973-1979, 41.7% in 1980-1989, 46.6% in 1990- 1999, to 54.7% in 2000-2007 (p < 0.01). CS analysis demonstrated that for every additional year survived, adjusted probability of surviving the next 5 years increased from 66.7% (localized), 54.0% (regional), and 35.3% (distant) at the time of diagnosis, to 83.7% (localized), 75.0% (regional), and 62.2% (distant) for patients who had survived 5 years. Adjusted 5-year CS differed among age, sex, tumor histology, ethnicity, and stage subgroups initially, but converged with time. Conclusion Treatment outcomes of NPC patients have greatly improved over the decades. Increases in CS become more prominent in patients with distant disease than in those with localized or regional disease as patients survive longer. CS provides more dynamic prognostic information for patients who have survived a period of time after diagnosis.

miR167c is Induced by High Alkaline Stress and Inhibits Two Auxin Response Factors in Glycine soja

Dekang Lv,Ying Ge,Bei Jia,Xi Bai,Peihua Bao,Hua Cai,Wei Ji,Yanming Zhu 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.5

Soil alkalinity is one of the major environmental factors limiting crop productivity worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (21-25 nucleotides) single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate developmental and stress responses in plants by cleaving target mRNAs. However,little is known about the role of miRNAs in the response to alkaline stress. In this study, we identified the miR167c as a high alkaline-responsive miRNAs in wild soybean based on genome microarray and RNA gel blot. The presence of a cisacting abscisic acid (ABA) responsive element (ABRE) in the upstream region and the ABA inducement of primiR167c suggested that miR167c might be regulated by ABA. We also showed that two auxin response factors (ARF),Gs14g03650 and Gs18g05330, were target genes of the alkaline-inducible miR167c and rapidly down-regulated following alkaline treatment. Our results reveal that miR167c regulated the expression pattern of ARFs, which could be vital for both development and stress adaptation.

Experimental Study of Endostar Injection Concomitant with Cryoablation on Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Xenografts

Ma, Chun-Hua,Jiang, Rong,Li, Jin-Duo,Wang, Bin,Sun, Li-Wei,Lv, Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Objective: To explore the inhibiting effect and mechanism of Endostar injection concomitant with cryoablation on lung adenocarcinoma A549 xenografts in nude mice. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 nude mice with subcutaneous xenografts of the A549 cell line were established and divided into 4 groups when the maximal diameters of tumors became 1 cm: control group, Endostar group, cryoablation group and combination group (Endostar concomitant with cryoablation). The nude mice were sacrificed after 21-days treatment, tumour tissues were removed to measure their volume, in situ test of TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was adopted to determine the cellular apoptosis around freezing injury zones, and immunohistochemical SP test was applied for the detection of micro-vessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression levels. Results: At 21-days after treatment, the growth velocities of control group, Endostar group, cryoablation group and combination group were $236.7{\pm}51.2%$, $220.0{\pm}30.6%$, $159.5{\pm}29.3%$ and $103.3{\pm}25.5%$ (P<0.01), while cellular apoptosis rates of tumors were $21.7{\pm}2.34%$, ($22.17{\pm}1.47$)%, $38.3{\pm}1.37%$ and $49.2{\pm}1.72%$, (P<0.01), respectively, according to the immunohistochemical test. MVD and VEGF expression levels in the combination group were both lower than in other groups (P<0.01), also being positively related (r=0.925, P<0.01). Conclusions: Endostar can significantly improve the inhibitory effects of cryoablation on xenografts of lung adenocarcinoma A549, and the mechanism is probably associated with its function as an inhibitor of tumour neo-angiogenesis through down-regulating VEGF expression.

Experimental Study on Residual Tumor Angiogenesis after Cryoablation

Ma, Chun-Hua,Jiang, Rong,Li, Jin-Duo,Wang, Bin,Sun, Li-Wei,Lv, Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Objective: To explore the mechanism and significance of tumor angiogenesis by observing changes of microvessel density (MVD) and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in residual tumor tissues after cryoablation. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 nude mice xenograft models with transplanted lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 were established and randomly divided into 3 groups when the maximum diameter of tumor reached 1 cm: control, cisplatin (DDP) and cryoablation. The nude mice were sacrificed after 21-d cryoablation to obtain the tumor tissues. Then immunohistochemistry was applied to determine MVD and the expression of VEGF in tumor tissues. Results: The tumor volumes of control group, DDP group and cryoablation group were $1.48{\pm}0.14cm^3$, $1.03{\pm}0.12cm^3$ and $0.99{\pm}0.06cm^3$ respectively and the differences were significant (P<0.01), whereas MVD values were $21.1{\pm}0.86$, $24.7{\pm}0.72$ and $29.2{\pm}0.96$ (P<0.01) and the positive expression rates of VEGF were $36.2{\pm}1.72%$, $39.0{\pm}1.79%$ and $50.8{\pm}2.14%$ (P<0.01), respectively, showing that MVD was proportional to the positive expression of VEGF (r=0.928, P<0.01). Conclusions: Cryoablation can effectively inhibit tumor growth, but tumor angiogenesis significantly increases in residual tumors, with high expression of VEGF playing an important role in the residual tumor angiogenesis.

Clinical Characteristics and Survival Analysis of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes with Hepatic Metastases

Ge, Qi-Dong,Lv, Ning,Kong, Ya-Nan,Xie, Xin-Hua,He, Ni,Xie, Xiao-Ming,Wei, Wei-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Background: The liver is one of the most common metastatic sites of breast cancer, hepatic metastases developing in 6%-25% of patients with breast cancer and being associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival and clinical characteristics of patients with hepatic metastases from breast cancer of different molecular subtypes and to investigate the prognostic and predictive factors that effect clinical outcome. Methods: We retrospectively studied the charts of 104 patients with breast cancer hepatic metastases diagnosed at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from December 1990 to June 2009. Subtypes were defined as luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) enriched, triple-negative (TN). Prognostic factor correlations with clinical features and treatment approaches were assessed at the diagnosis of hepatic metastases. Results: The median survival time was 16.0 months, and the one-, two- three-, four-, five-year survival rates were 63.5%, 31.7%, 15.6%, 10.8%, and 5.4%, respectively. Median survival periods after hepatic metastases were 19.3 months (luminal A), 13.3 months (luminal B), 18.9 months (HER2-enriched), and 16.1 months (TN, P=0.11). In multivariate analysis, a 2 year-interval from initial diagnosis to hepatic metastasis, treatment with endocrine therapy, and surgery were independent prognostic factors. Endocrine therapy could improve the survival of luminal subtypes (P=0.004) and was a favorable prognostic factor (median survival 23.4 months vs. 13.8 months, respectively, P=0.011). Luminal A group of patients treated with endocrine therapy did significantly better than the Luminal A group of patients treated without endocrine therapy (median survival of 48.9 vs. 13.8 months, P=0.003). Conclusions: Breast cancer subtypes were not associated with survival after hepatic metastases. Endocrine therapy was a significantly favorable treatment for patients with luminal subtype.

Elevating Limonene Production in Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica via Genetic Engineering of Limonene Biosynthesis Pathway and Optimization of Medium Composition

Bo-Qian Cheng,Liu-Jing Wei,Yu-Bei Lv,Jun Chen,Qiang Hua 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.3

As an alternative terpenoid producer, nonconventional oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica was chosen for limonene production. Y. lipolytica can give high biomass yield and metabolize a broad range of substrates such as glycerol, alkanes, fatty acid, fats, and oils. As previously reported, optimization of limonene synthesis pathway and mevalonate (MVA) pathway leads to the accumulation of 112-fold higher limonene as compared to an initial strain. In this study, we introduced an additional copy of limonene synthesis gene (LS), which resulted in an increase of limonene production. This engineered strain was used to carry out further optimization study. Amongst all the carbon sources tested, the highest level of limonene production was obtained from glycerol, and citrate was selected as an auxiliary carbon source. In fed-batch fermentation with an optimized medium, the engineered strain was found to produce 165.3 mg/L limonene, which corresponds to the highest yield till date for the production of limonene in Y. lipolytica.