A Fair Scheduling Algorithm for Input-Queued Switches

Hua-An ZHAO,Qingsheng HU 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7

To increase both the capacity and the processing speed for input-queued (IQ) switches, we proposed a fair scalable scheduling architecture (FSSA) where several chips of cascaded sub-scheduler compose a large-scale high performance network scheduler. In this paper, we present an improved scheduling algorithm named DIFSSA where a distributed iteration scheme is employed based on FSSA. The simulation and measurement results show that DIFSSA achieves better performance on average delay and throughput under heavy loads compared to existing algorithms and its scheduler performance and the processing time are also better than the other. Moreover, it has been implemented by 4 Xilinx FPGAs as 64×64 switch whose data rates can be up to 800Mbps and the tradeoff between performance and hardware complexity has been solved peacefully.

Long-term Stable Field Electron Transfer from Carbon Nanotube Arrays at High Emission Current Densities

Jian-hua Deng,Zhao-xia Ping,Rui-ting Zheng,Guo-an Cheng 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.41

The stability behaviors of multiwalled carbon nanotube arrays during field electron emission are studied. The results indicate that the stability, even at a high emission current density, has been greatly improved by an aging process, and a degradation of about 0.66% in the emission current density at 21.86 mA/cm_2 during a 10-hour stability test has been obtained. A detailed analysis of the deterioration of the field electron emission characteristics is given, and the generation of Joule heat during field emission is found to be able to burn off the extruded carbon nanotubes, which will directly reduce the number of emission sites. On the other hand, the Joule heating effect may induce an annealing of the defects existing in the carbon nanotubes and may influence the distribution of electron energy states, both having a bad influence on the field emission characteristics. An aging process, especially aging at high emission current densities, can greatly reduce the influence of Jouleheating induced current degradation. Hence, an aging process at high emission current densities provides an effective way to realize long-term stable field electron emission from carbon nanotube arrays.

벼 이앙재배에서 유기질 복합비료 시용이 잡초억제와 벼 생육환경에 미치는 영향

Xue-Hua An,Xue-Ping Zhao,이상복(Sang-Bok Lee),임일빈(Il-Bin Im),Wen-Hao An 韓國雜草學會 2010 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.30 No.3

본 연구는 유기질 복합비료가 벼 재배 논에서 잡초 및 벼 생육에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 실내 검정 시험에서 유기질 복합비료를 125-250㎏ 10a-1 처리시 이앙벼는 지상부가 10.3~27.2% 증가하였고, 피는 50.3-89.2%의 출현이 억제되었으며, 사마귀풀은 낮은 처리량에서도 높은 감수성을 보였다, 유기질 복합비료는 피, 물달개비, 사마귀풀에 대하여 담수심(1-5㎝)이 깊을수록 높게 억제하였으나, 올방개와 같은 사초과 잡초에 대해서는 억제 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 또 20-35℃의 비교적 높은 온도에서 피와 물달개비는 각각 75.4~92.2%, 49.5~81.6%의 높은 출현억제율을 나타냈다. 유기질 복합비료 시용 10일 후 낙수 시 피와 물달개비는 각각 33.7%, 23.0%의 출현억제율을 나타내었다. 포장시험에서 시험 후 토양의 유기물은 관행구애서 유기질 복합비료 시용구보다 약간 낮게 나타났다. 벼의 생육은 초장 및 경수가 관행구 대비 적었으며 그 차이는 생육후기에 더 많이 나타났고, 벼의 수량은 관행구 대비 4% 감소하였다. 논잡초 억제 효과는 유기질 복합비료 시용구에서 60.5%로 관행구 보다 낮게 나타났다. The effects of organic-compound fertilizer on weed control and rice growth in the transplanting rice cultivation were researched in this article. The results showed that the growth of transplanted rice was promoted (the increased rate was 10.3 - 27.2 %), but the plant number for Echinochloa crus-galli was controlled (the inhibition rate was 50.3~89.2%), besides, small amount of organic-compound fertilizer in controlling Aneilema keisak was highly effective when the transplanted rice was treated with 125~250 ㎏ 10a-1 organic-compound fertilizer. Moreover, E. crus-galli, Monochoria vaginalis and A. keisak were inhibited largely by increasing the water depth (1~5 ㎝), whereas Eleocharis kuroguwai and other sedges weeds were not effected by water depth. Compared with the temperature of 20~35℃, the plant occurrence of E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis at high temperature was inhibited (the inhibition rate were 75.4 -92.2% and 49.5% - 81.6%, respectively). When the transplanted rice was treated with the above organic-compound fertilizer after 10day, the inhibition rate of plant occurrence for E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis was 33.7% and 23.3%, respectively. Similarly, in the later period of rice growth, the plant height and the numbers of tiller grew slowly in conventional soil in comparison with the soil treated with organic-compound fertilizer. It has been found that the rice yield in experimental soil was decreased by 4%. This result in the field experiment showed that organic material contents in conventional soil were lower than that in soil which used the organic-compound fertilizer. Weed control in experimental soil showed 60.5% lower effects than that in conventional soil.

Evaluation on Phytotoxicity of Citrus Peel Extracts to Weeds

Xue-Hua An,Xue-Ping Zhao,Qiang Wang,Xiao-Feng Ji,Chang-Xing Wu 한국잡초학회 2011 한국잡초학회 별책(학술대회 초록집) Vol.31 No.2

Microstructure control of Fe catalyst films for the growth of multiwalled carbon nanotube arrays

Guo-an Cheng,Hua-ping Liu,Rui-ting Zheng,Yong Zhao,Chang-lin Liang 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.-

Fe catalyst films were deposited on silicon substrates by using a metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) ion deposition system for the growth of aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The effects of deposition angle and film thickness on the morphologies of catalyst films before and after thermal treatment were investigated. The results show that the uniformities of both 5-nm and 10-nm films are enhanced as the deposition angle decreases. With increase from 5 nm to 10 nm, the surface uniformities of pristine films prepared at higher deposition angles (60˚ and 90˚) are increased, while that of the films produced at 30˚ deposition angle is slightly decreased. The uniformity of Fe catalyst particle sizes after thermal treatment on the whole, clearly decreases as the thickness is increased from 5 nm to 10 nm in the case of the same deposition angle. 5-nm films deposited at 30˚ deposition angle show the most uniform features before and after thermal treatment and can be used for the synthesis of high-quality carbon nanotube arrays. Fe catalyst films were deposited on silicon substrates by using a metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) ion deposition system for the growth of aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The effects of deposition angle and film thickness on the morphologies of catalyst films before and after thermal treatment were investigated. The results show that the uniformities of both 5-nm and 10-nm films are enhanced as the deposition angle decreases. With increase from 5 nm to 10 nm, the surface uniformities of pristine films prepared at higher deposition angles (60˚ and 90˚) are increased, while that of the films produced at 30˚ deposition angle is slightly decreased. The uniformity of Fe catalyst particle sizes after thermal treatment on the whole, clearly decreases as the thickness is increased from 5 nm to 10 nm in the case of the same deposition angle. 5-nm films deposited at 30˚ deposition angle show the most uniform features before and after thermal treatment and can be used for the synthesis of high-quality carbon nanotube arrays.

Properties of W-Tree

Wataru Mayeda,Hua An Zhao 대한전자공학회 1990 JTC-CSCC : Joint Technical Conference on Circuits Vol.- No.-

Adaptive Combined Scalable Video Coding over MIMO-OFDM Systems using Partial Channel State Information

( Kalvein Rantelobo ),( Wirawan ),( Gamantyo Hendrantoro ),( Achmad Affandi ),( Hua-an Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.7 No.12

This paper proposes an adaptive combined scalable video coding (CSVC) system for video transmission over MIMO-OFDM (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) broadband wireless communication systems. The scalable combination method of CSVC adaptively combines the medium grain scalable (MGS), the coarse grain scalable (CGS) and the scalable spatial modes with the limited feedback partially from channel state information (CSI) of MIMO-OFDM systems. The objective is to improve the average of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and bit error rate (BER) of the received video stream by exploiting partial CSI of video sources and channel condition. Experimental results show that the delivered quality using the proposed adaptive CSVC over MIMO-OFDM system performs better than those proposed previously in the literature.

Solidification Structure Evolution and Grain Refinement Mechanism of a Deeply Undercooled Ni65Cu35 Alloy

Xiaolong Xu,Yukang An,Hua Hou,Yuhong Zhao 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

The maximum 320 K undercooling of Ni65Cu35 alloy was obtained by means of cyclic superheating in the state of moltenglass. The solidification structuresat different undercoolings were systematically studied. There are two grain refinementsatlow and high undercoolings. It was generally believed that the grain refinement atlowundercooling was caused by dendritesuperheat remelting. Electron backscattering diffraction was used to characterize the solidification structure athighundercooling,and obvious random orientation, high-angle grain boundaries and twin boundaries were found, indicating grainrefinement was caused by recrystallization under highundercooling. There were almost no visible dislocation defects in theTEM bright-field images at high undercooling, and the microstructure hardness decreased obviously after grain refinement. This further illustrated the rapid accumulation of stress and defects in recalescenceare completely abreacted in recrystallizationduring post-recalescence period, at the same time as the driving force to promote the second grain refinement inthe microstructure.

Intercellular and intracellular functions of ceramides and their metabolites in skin (Review)

CHA, HWA JUN,HE, CONGFEN,ZHAO, HUA,DONG, YINMAO,AN, IN-SOOK,AN, SUNGKWAN UNKNOWN 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.38 No.1

<P>The skin consists of the epidermis, dermis and subcutis. The epidermis is primarily comprised of keratinocytes and is separated into four layers according to the stage of differentiation of the keratinocytes. Corneocytes are terminally differentiated keratinocytes that closely interact with other corneocytes through corneodesmosomes, and synthesize lamellar bodies and the intercellular multilamellar barrier, which protects the body from the external environment. As ceramides are the principal components of lamellar bodies and the multilamellar barrier, it is important to understand the biosynthesis of ceramides and their functions in skin. Ceramides are synthesized by amide bond-mediated interactions between sphingoid bases, long-chain amino alcohols [long-chain base] and fatty acids through a de novo pathway, a sphingomyelin (SM) hydrolysis pathway and a catabolic pathway. The majority of ceramides produced by the de novo pathway form the epidermal barrier. Ceramides used as signaling molecules are synthesized by the SM and catabolic pathways. Synthesized ceramides are released from corneocytes and form the multilamellar barrier. Additionally, ceramides and their metabolites regulate the apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of skin cells as well as the formation of the skin barrier. Thus, the study of ceramides and their metabolites is crucial to understanding the function and regulation of the skin barrier.</P>

A Realization of Determinant Criterion for STTC Design

Tatsuki FUKUDA,Shingo OTSU,Yuta TOKUNAGA,Hua-An ZHAO 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7

In a MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system, space-time trellis coding (STTC) is one kind of space-time coding technique which can obtain both of high diversity and coding gain. In this paper, we propose a highspeed algorithm to solve the determinant calculations in determinant criterion of STTC. Some experimental results indicate that this algorithm is very available for developing an effective signaling scheme of space-time trellis codes.