G2 Arrest by lsotope [³²P]-Phosphate

Kim, In-Hoo,Lee, Hye-Jeong,Choi, Yong-Chun 동아대학교의과대학 1992 동아의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

한 중소도시의 청소년 약물사용 실태조사

이후경,김선재,윤성철,봉수연,안현주,박선영 대한신경정신의학회 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.1

-초록- 연구목적: 약물사용의 가능성이 가장 높은 시기는 십대 후반에서 이십대 초반의 청소년기로 알려져 있다. 또한 청소년기의 약뮬사용은 빠른 의존의 가능성, 심각한 약물남용으로 진행할 가능성, 약물로 인한 공격성의 증가 등으로 심각한 사회문제가 될 여지가 많다. 그러므로 저자들은 중소도시에서 청소년 약물사용의 예방 및 치료를 위한 정책을 마련하는데 기초가 될 수 있는 청소년 약물사용 실태를 조사하는 것을 목적으로혹시청소년상담실의 기금을 받아 본 연구를 시행하였다. 저자들이 세운 연구가 설은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 나이, 성(性)과 같은 개인적 요인에 따라 청소년의 약물사용에 차이가 있을 것이다. 둘째, 가정, 또래집단과 같은 환경적 요인에 따라 청소년의 약물사용에 차이가 있을 것이다. 셋째, 음주, 흡연, 비행과 약물사용과는 상화관련이 있을 것이다. 방법: ㅎ시 4개 중학교 학생 833명(51.6%), 3개 고등학교 학생 780명(48.4%), 성별은 남자(49.5%), 여자(50.5%), 총 1613명을 대상으로 하여 1999년 7월 12일부터 14일까지 3일간 설문조사를 실시하였다. 결과: 1) 술(59.4%), 담배(34.4%)의 경험이 가장 높았고, 의약품 중에는 진통제(33.1%), 흡입제(inhalants)중에는 본드(0.7%), 마약류 중에서는 히로뽕(0.4%)의 사용이 가장 많았다. 2) 술, 담배, 수면제, 각성제, 신경안정제의 사용경험이 중학생 보다 고등학생이 거의 두 배 이상 높았다. 3) 약물을 사용하지 않는 학생의 부모 화목도 점수가 약물을 사용하는 학생의 부모 화목도 점수보다 의미 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 4) 흡연 및 음주경험이 있는 학생의 친구들이 그렇지 않은 학생의 친구들에 비해 술, 의약품, 흡입제를더 많이 사용하였다. 5) 술, 담배, 약물을 사용하는 학생들이 비행 가능성이 높았다. 6) 술을 사용하게 되는 가장 많은 이유는 '친구들과 어울리기 위하여'(55.0%), 담배를 사용하게 되는가장 많은 이유는 '심심해서'(50.9%)이었다. 7) 술, 담배, 약물을 사용하면 다른 것을 사용할 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 한국의 청소년 약물사용경험은 이제까지의 연구와 본 연구를 종합하여 볼 때 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 향후 약물사용을 줄이기 위해서는 국가적인 차원에서 약물사용 실태조사가 선행되어야 하고, 그 결과에 따른 적절한 대책의 수립과 정신과 의사들의 적극적인 참여가 필요하다. Objectives : The purpose of this research is to help solve adolescent issues involving substance uses, which may become begin to undergo many changes(i.e.practising various roles, thereby leading to independent life styles). More often than not, adolescent drug problems develop into social problems, chiefly behavioral imitations and heavy dependence on medicine. The authors conducted a survey of adolescent substance uses to develop preventive measures against the drug habit prevalent among young people, thereby formulating a policy to deal with problematic community. Funded by a Yuth Counselling Center in the city of H. the research was conducted on the following assumptions that there will be : Firstly, a comparison of drug uses by sex and age ; Secondly, variance of substance users by family background and peer group ; Thirdly, a combination of heavy drinking, smoking and delinquency resulting in the drug habit. Methods : the survey included a total of 1613 students during 3 days, 12 through 14, July, 1999. The subjects were 833 pupils(51.6$) from 4 middle schools and 780 students(48.4%) from 3 high schools in the city of H with a ratio of 49.5%(males) and 50.5%(females). Results : 1) Experience of substance use is most referable to drinking(59.4%) and smoking(34.4%) while given to analgesics(33.1%) among medicines, glue(0.7%) among inhalants and philophone(0.4%) among narcotics. 2) High school students found more than double the amount of smoking and drinking as well as uses of hypnotics, stimulants and sedatives by junior high school students. 3) Our resalt showed was significantly noted that non-users had a better relationship with their parents than most users. 4) Smoking and drinking problean could be more easily developing into adolescent substance uses. 5) Alcohol, cigarette, and drug users showed more misconducts than other adolescents. 6) Most adolescents believe theat drinking is necessary for making friends(55.0%), while smo-king is just for killing time(50.9%) 7) Drinking, smoking, and other substance users were found to develop into more proble-matic habits. Conclusion : The present survey and several others show that adolescent substance uses in Korea are on the rise. Therefore, extensive counter-measures will be necessary followed by nationwide epidemiological survey of the pending issue, with the psychiatrists participating in the campaign.

Halothane 마취시 수축기 시간간격의 변화 : Part 2

이후전,진홍용,최병권 중앙대부설한국의과학연구소 1986 한국의과학 Vol.18 No.2

유연생산 시스템 구축을 위한 공작물 자동교환 유닛 설계

박후명,이용중,이상진,하만경 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

The objective of this study is to develop an automatic object changer unit to improve processing problems existed in the conventional horizontal machining center. In order to perform this objective, a upward and downward traverse unit in which a unit that consists of a motor and reducer, chain and sprocket wheel, and upper and lower base employed in an automatic object changer unit performs sliding contact motion in a frame was designed. To achieve this design, constraint conditions for the upward and downward traverse unit first designed. Then, an operation mechanism was designed and that was introduced as a sum of kinetic energy for the sprocket wheel and upper and lower base based on the moment of inertia, which is the kinetic energy of the converted upward and downward traverse unit in the side of the reducer. In addition, The work required to rotate the converted upward and downward traverse unit in the side of the reducer by one revolution can be calculated using the sum of work that is required in the sprocket wheel and upper and lower base that is a part of the upward and downward traverse unit. Furthermore, the converted equation of motion in the side of the motor can be introduced using the equation of motion using the converted upward and downward traverse unit in the side of the motor. Then, Then, a proper motor can be determined using predetermined specifications employed in the motor and several parameters in the upward and downward traverse unit in order to verify such predetermined specifications. Also, a design of a horizontal traverse unit that performs sliding motion on a upward and downward traverse unit and simulation that verifies the results of this design are required as a future study.

기초화장용 제품 중 크림과 로션제의 안정성 평가방법

조혜영,이석,백승희,최후균,이용복 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.4

This study was attempted to develop the physicochemical and morphological stability test methods for the cream and lotion formulations among the cosmetic foundations and to provide the guidance for the stability methods with respect to basic emulsions and creams. With these developed stability test methods, we can evaluate the expired date or life time of the available basic cosmetics, especially basic lotions and creams. Also, the stability test methods established in this study can be used as a guideline to test physical and morphological stability of cosmetics in the future. Thus, we selected two types of basic cosmetics such as lotions and creams made by four different cosmetic companies and applied them to stability test methods depending on the temperature changes such as temperature cycling and freezing-thawing cycling test. After the temperature changes, the conductivity, turbidity, particle size, creaming ratio and pH changes of the creams and lotions were evaluated and morphological changes such as crystal formation, oder, color and feeling of the creams and lotions were also tested. As the results of the stability tests, all the tested creams and lotions except for one lotion were stable. Therefore, it may be concluded that these short-term accelerated stability tests as physical stability test depending on the temperature change study were suitable for the stability testing methods for the basic cosmetics and may be useful for the establishment of the guideline for the stability test of cosmetics.

보존료가 두부의 저장에 미치는 효과

김동한,신용서,전승호,백승화,이갑상 圓光大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

두부의 저장성 향상을 위해 보존료를 첨가하여 저장중 두부의 미생물상과 이화학적 변화를 검토하였다. 보존료 첨가에 의한 두부의 기호도 변화는 큰 차이가 없었으며 부패가 진행될 수록 적정산도와 amino태 및 ammonia태 질소량은 증가하였다. 두부는 acetic acid로 응고시키는 것이 CaCl₂보다 보존료에 의한 저장성 향상에 효과적이어서, acetic acid에 0.05% K-sorbate와 3% NaCl을 혼합첨가한 구는 저장중 이화학적 변화 및 호기성, 혐기성 세균수가 ?? cell/g수준인 점을 고려해 볼 때 30℃에서 48시간까지 저장이 가능하였다. In order to improve the shelf life of Tofu, the effects of preservatives on Tofu were investigated for microbiol and physicochemical changes during its storage. The sensory evaluation was not deteriorated by preservatives (0.05% K-sorbates). According to the progression of spoliage of Tofu, titratable acidity, and amino and ammonia nitrogen contents were increased. The effect of chemical preservatives on the shelf life of Tofu was shown to be stronger in the Tofu by acetic acid than in that by CaCl₂. The presence of 0. 05% K-sorbate and 3% NaCl as a preservative in Tofu by acetic acid extended it's shelf life upto 48 hrs at 30℃.

치과주조용 Ti-Zr-Cr계 합금에서 Cr 함량변화가 부식저항성에 미치는 영향

박영준,강후원,이용렬,송호준,김민강 大韓齒科器材學會 2004 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this study was to develop new dental casting titanium (Ti) alloys having an excellent mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance as a substitute for c.p Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy (control groups). Ti-20Cr, Ti-2OZr and Ti-20Zr-XCr (X=2, 5, 10, 15) alloys (experimental groups) were designed for dental casting Ti alloys. Prior to casting prccedure, mother alloys were prepared by using vacuum arc melting with skull melting method. Argon-arc melting and argon/vacuum-pressure casting machine were used for making the specimens. The hardness, microstructure, and corrosion resistance were evaluated by using Vickers microhardness measurement, FE-SEM, and anodic polarization test. The results were as follows: 1. The Vickers microhardness (Hv) of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy showed the values of 210 and 352, and Ti-20Cr and Ti-20Zr alloys showed the values of 341 and 259, respectively. As the Cr content increased from 0 to 15 % in Ti-20Zr-XCr (X=0, 2, 5, 10, 15) alloys, the Hv increased from 259 to 298, 457, 344, and 351, respectively. The microstructure of Ti-20Zr-XCr specimens showed significant difference by the concentration changes of Cr content showing acicular crystalline structure for Ti-20Zr-2Cr and Ti-20Zr-5Cr, and equiaxed crystalline structure for Ti-20Zr-10Cr and Ti-20Zr-15Cr. 2. Open-circuit potentials (E_(∝)) were rapidly decreased followed by steadiness as time elapse in all experimental groups except in Ti-20Z group. Ti-2OZr group showed an increase in E_(∝), from the first. 3. In potentiodynamic anodic polarization tests, all experimental groups showed more noble corrosion potential (E_(corr) than that of Ti-6Al-4V, and more basic E_(corr) than that of Ti. Especially, Ti-20Zr-10Cr alloy showed most favorable corrosion resistance among Ti-Zr-Cr alloys. 4. For Ti-20Zr-10Cr, Ti-20Zr-15Cr, and Ti-20Cr groups, which have more than 10% Cr content, the secondary corrosion potential shifted to noble direction in larger amounts than in the cases of control and other experimental groups. From these results, it was concluded that newly formulated Ti-20Zr-10Cr experimental alloy have adequate hardness and high corrosion resistance, and this alloy is promising candidate for a successful dental casting alloy.

스프렌딜 지속정(펠로디핀 5㎎)에 대한 스타핀 지속정의 생물학적동등성

조혜영,강현아,이석,백승희,박은자,최후균,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.4

Felodipine is a calcium antagonist that lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral resistance by means of a direct, selective action on smooth muscle in arterial resistance vessels. Furthermore, it have been approved for the effective in angina pectoris and cardiac failure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two felodipine extended release (ER) tablets, Splendil (YuHan Corporation) and Stapin (Hana Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). THe felodipine release from the two felodipine formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method at pH 6.5 buffer solution. Twenty six healthy male subjects, 22.73±1.78 years in age and 66.66±7.28 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 5 ㎎ as felodipine were orally administered, blood sample was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of felodipine in serum were determined using column-switching HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar at pH 6.5 buffer solution. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUG_(t), C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t) and C_(max) and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the Splendil were 2.53%, 1.32% and 18.32% for AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(mzx), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.86)∼log(1.20) and long(0.89)∼long(1.23) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guidelines for the bioequivalence was satisfied, indicating Stapin ER tablet and Splendil ER tablet are bioequivalent.

Studies on the Prenatal Chromosomal Analysis and the Changes of Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein Following Chorionic Villus Sampling

( Yong Hoo Yang ),( Meong Sun Lee ),( Yong Won Park ),( Sei Kwang Kim ),( Hae Ree Sung ),( Chang Hoon Lee ),( In Kyu Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 1992 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.69 No.-

Ecology and Control of Postharvest diseases of Onions

Yong-Ki Kim(김용기),Sang-Yoob Lee(이상엽),Sang-Bum Lee(이상범),Chan-Jung Lee(이찬중),Inn-Hoo Choi(최인후) 한국농약과학회 2002 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-