학교 시민 교육의 새로운 방향 모색 : 그 본질적 과제로의 회귀

윤덕홍 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1999 社會科學硏究 Vol.7 No.1

오늘의 우리 사회는 급속한 산업화를 통해 외형적으로는 산업사회에 진입하였지만 정치 사회·문화적인 측면에서는 아직도 전근대적인 구조에서 벗어나지 못하고 있다. 그런 의미에서 우리 사회의 궁극적 과제는 시민 개개인의 합리적인 의사결정 위에 기초한 시민사회의 형성이다. 사회과교육의 근본목적은 시민교육 에 있다. 따라서 이제는 미국의 시민교육을 그대로 도입할 것이 아니라 우리 사회가 시민사회로 변화하지 못하고 있는 현실을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 우리 사회를 변화시킬 수 있는 사회과학적인 교육프로그램이 필요한 시기가 되었다. 이 논문은 오늘의 우리 시민사회가 안고 있는 근본적인 과제를 도출하고 이를 기초로 사회과교육의 새로운 방향을 모색하기 위해 작성되었다.

수온 변동 자극이 양식 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 비특이적 생체 방어에 미치는 영향

이덕찬,김도형,김수미,강명석,홍미주,김현정,박수일 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 넙치에 대한 수온 변동 자극의 영향을 생체 방어적인 측면에서 검토하고자 하였다. 수온 변동 자극은 매일 18℃에서 25℃까지 상승과 하강을 반복하는 방법을 사용하였으며 그 기간은 30일간 지속하였다. 실험어는 온도변화를 주기 시작한 후 28일째까지 무작위로 채포하여 말초혈액 중의 백혈구 수, 전혈의 식작용능, 활성산소, 환원능, chemiluminescence(CL) response 및 lysozyme용균능과 같은 각종 비특이적 생체방어와 관련한 실험을 수행하였다. 수온 변동 자극을 주기 시작한 후 1일째부터 시작하여 1주일 이내에 약 18%의 넙치가 폐사하였으며 이후에는 대조구와 유사하였다. 또한, 수온 변동 자극을 준 실험구의 호중구 수는 2주째에 유의적인 증가를 보였으며, 림프구 수는 2일과 3일째에 감소하였으나 1주째부터 대조구와 유사한 수준으로 회복되었다. 실험구에서는 식작용 결과 식균율과 식균지수에서 이물질 투여 후의 반응이 늦게 나타났다. 식세포의 활성을 조사한 NBT reduction 실험에서는 실험 기간 동안 대조구와 유사한 경향ㅇ르 나타내었다. 또한, CL response의 경우, 실험구는 온도 변동 자극초기에 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다. 그리고, 식세포가 분비하는 용균성 효소인 점액 내 lysozyme의 활성은 실험 기간 동안 실험구에서 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 여러 가지 비특이적 생체 방어 반응의 저하 현상은 수온 변동 자극 초기에 나타났으며, 1주일 정도 지속하면 그 환경에 적응하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 현상은 이들이 초기 폐사 발생과 어떤 상관 관계에 있는 것으로 생각되었다. This study was performed to know the effects of stress nduced by the daily fluctuation of water temperature fro 18? to 25? up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounde,r Paralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish, several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in periopheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week, but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period, respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also, the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5th day of the experimental period than the contro. The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the contro. Even through the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune responses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repeated water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range

한국 사회의 근대화, 그 동인과 장애 및 과제 : Its Drive, Hinderance and Task

윤덕홍 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1997 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.1

근대화는 사회발전의 전형적인 형태로서 선진 몇몇 나라를 제외하고는 아직도 대부분 국가들이 추구해야할 발전모델이기도 하다. 그 내용은 산업화된 경제구조,사회 전 영역에 걸친 민주화로 요약된다. 우리나라는 산업화에는 어느 정도 성공하였으나 민주화는 아직도 요원한 사회이다. 산업화에 성공하게 된 이유는 강력한 리더십, 근면과 교육을 중시하는 문화가 서로 어우러져 국제분업구조의 재편과정에 기민하게 편승할 수 있었던 점이 지적되고 있다. 그러나 산업화를 견인하였던 그 추진세력들의 연공동체적인 에토스는 오히려 우리 사회의 민주화를 저해하는 요인으로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 우리 사회가 추구해야 할 과제는 합리적인 시민의식 위에 선 민주사회를 이루는 것이다. 산업화를 선행시키고 민주화를 나중에 추구하는 이러한 발전모델은 후발국 공통모델이기 때문에 한국의 경험을 서베이하는 것은 개발도상국 발전모델 구성에 크게 도움이 되는 연구라고 생각된다. This study has three purposes. The first purpose is to find out the value of cooperative research projects between teachers colleges and teachers in elementary and secondary schools in Taegu. The second aim is to analyze the teachers' perspectives regarding needs and reasons for, and the priority of the cooperative research projects. To suggest the direction of future cooperative research projects based on the data is the third purpose. To achieve this end, self-made questionnaires consisting of 5 areas are employed. The sample was made up of 494 teachers: 289 elementary school teachers and 205 secondary school teachers. The findings are as follows: First, the value of cooperative reseach projects for the teachers is that developed theory through cooperative research projects can be implemented directly into the classroom. Thus the quality of instruction is improved. Teachers become more creative, critical and self-reflective through cooperative research projects bringing intellectual autonomy and flexibility. Subsequently, teachers have the confidence and ability to solve problems when they are faced with educational difficulties. This stimulates teachers to grow professionally, thereby the morale of the teachers increases and students' learning becomes more effective. The value of the cooperative research projects for the professors in teachers colleges is to understand the educational problems in schools which stimulate professors to research practically and continueously. As a result of ongoing interaction between teachers and professors, students in teachers colleges are taught practical and revisional curriculum which benefits for the classroom. This motivates professors and students to continue professional development and increase their enthusiasm towards the classroom. The value of the cooperative research projects for the teachers colleges is that research facilities and equipments can be shared between teachers colleges and schools. Thus there is a greater pool of resources the teachers colleges can utilize. This eventually brings good education, professional skills and methodology to students. In addition, cooperative research projects can enhance the reputation of teachers colleges, thereby allowing the school to admit a higher quality of students. Second, 85% of the elementary and secondary school teachers felt the need for cooperative research projects. There were no significant differences in the need for cooperative research projects by sex, level of school, degree, and community, but there was a significant difference by years of experience. Less experienced teachers felt the needs for cooperative research projects more than experienced teachers (5 years-93.4%, more than 20 years-80.5%). Half of the elementary and secondary school teachers responded that balancing educational theory and practice, as well as having a practical curriculum were the primary reasons for needing cooperative research projects. Other reasons prioritized by elementary school teachers were in descending order: self-improvement, solving educational problems, and the improvement of the quality of education. Secondary school teachers prioritized the following reasons: improving the quality of the education, self-improvement, and the exchange of educational information. The important areas of education that cooperative research projects should focus on were: teaching-learning methods(32.7%), and the implementation of curriculum(22.9%) for the elementary school teachers. Implementation of curriculum(23.4%), teaching-learning methods(22%), and the development of educational materials(16.6%) were primary areas of concern for the secondary school teachers. More than half of the teachers in elementary and secondary schools are mainly concerned with teaching-learning methods, implementation of curriculum, self-improvement and the exchange of educational information. There were significant differences in the areas of educational environment, practical rural experience, school administration committee, school and classroom size, specialized teaching at the elementary level, teaching of English, and moral education among the 17 areas that cooperative research projects could focus on. Third, future cooperative research projects should be directed towards the areas which were indicated by the teachers. The participants of the cooperative research projects should be teachers who have less experience, because they may be more open to educational innovation and have more immediate experience with the difficulties newer teachers(current college students) may encounter. To do cooperative research projects effectively, teachers colleges and schools must reciprocate. Positive attitudes toward cooperative research projects on both sides are also important. It is vital that cooperative research funds should be provided by the government or non-governmental organizations. Teachers colleges and school administrators as well as community supports for cooperative research projects are also essential.

한국 외식산업의 중국진츨 활성화방안

이덕무,윤홍근 조선대학교 지역사회발전연구원 2003 地域發展硏究 Vol.8 No.1

Promotional plans of Korean Restaurant Business to China Market are... First, the company had the clear background and goal in making inroads into the Chinese market. Second, it segmented the area and clarified the target market. Third, it selected the optimal local partner and built up the sense of confidence with local partner. Fourth, it established the specific business development strategy by agreement with the local partner after the market research was completed.

남ㆍ북한 사회과 교육과정 비교

윤덕홍 경상대학교 1998 民族統一論集 Vol.14 No.1

초등 영재학생을 대상으로 한 지층과 화석 관련 STEAM 프로그램이 학업성취도, 창의적 문제해결력 및 과학적 태도에 미치는 효과

김덕호,홍승호 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2015 교육과학연구 Vol.46 No.4

In this study, a geology classroom STEAM(science, technology, engineering, art, and math) program was developed based on a ‘Fossils and strata’ unit of 4th grade science. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact on academic achievement, creative problem solving abilities, and scientific attitude of gifted students. Through the analysis of the ‘Fossils and strata’ unit in the 2009 revised curriculum, a STEAM program was developed. And, a new geology experiment apparatus was invented so that students can easily perform laboratory experiments. Results of the STEAM program in 9 gifted and talented education classes in J Province, Korea. The gifted students increased significantly in academic achievement, creative problem solving abilities, and scientific attitude. The educational implications of a geology classroom STEAM program that has proven effective for gifted students, are discussed.

요추간판 탈출증의 보존적 치료효과 분석

강점덕,박홍덕 대한정형물리치료학회 2001 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.7 No.2

This study was undertaken to find out the effect analysis of conservative treatment in of lumbar intervertebral disc. The data was performed to evaluate the effect of conservative treatment in 50 patients aging from 20 to 67 with lumbar intervertebral disc patients. Changes in low back pain score were evaluated by age, occupation, duration of symptoms, marital status, education period, self assessment. Duration of symptoms in over 7 months was 62.0%. 8.6 scores of complete recovery was changes in low back pain score of self assessment patients. In the multiple regression of risk factors to changes in low back pain score were correlated with age, education period, marital status, duration of symptoms(P<0.05). All patients were assessed by the low back pain protocol which was composed of symptom, clinical sign and activities of daily living scales before and after the treatment. Poor result could be predicted after the nonoperative treatment in the patient groups of changes low back pain score decreased with aging, duration of symptom over 7 months.

社會發展과 新에토스 形成

윤덕홍 대구대학교 평화통일연구소 1993 平和統一硏究 Vol.10 No.-

福祉政策의 目標設定에 關해 : 社會價値的인 側面에서

尹德弘 영남이공대학 1981 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Terminology of social welfare has been used historically as various meaning, and it hasn't had a certain definition till now, but it is sure that the concept of welfare means peoples' positive well-being in a society. Yet, it seemed to be uncertain definition, because of the unconstant view that is the positive standard of well-being. We have believed undesirable life is caused by social structural contradiction in the recent industrial society, therefore we want to reduce undesirable life to desirable life by governmental social services. We have named social welfare policy those governmental social services that give us comfortable circumstances through the material support. In modern industrial society, industrialization lead to a change of family structure, this change brings about the valuation that major function of family system is to raise the standard of living, this valuation provoke the conflict of the social strata and relative deprivation. So, peoples' consciousness of membership-reference-strata must be descended under those social circumstances. Is your life desirable or not? Are you satisfy with your membership reference strata or not? These two questions are same sorts, because the feeling of satisfaction of one's life is derived from consciousness of one's membership-reference strata. I dare declare that the true goal of social welfare policy ought to create to social surroundings helping a harmonious life between social strata each other. and ought to raise peoples' qualities of life.

淪落行爲의 常習化에 關한 社會學的인 解析

尹德弘 영남이공대학 1980 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Prostitution is grasped as a type of deviant behavior in the present age. and the concept of deviance is decided by the institutionalized norm and non-institutionalized norm. Norm is represented as behavior through social status and role, therefore, it is defined by the norm of social groups whether the result 'of behavior is deviant or not. The sanction on deviant behavior is not applicable to all groups, that is, different groups have different norms of sanction on the same behavior. We well know that prostitutes don't take prides in their job and our intentional bad impression on their personality is oriented as social stereotype. The prostitution is generally regarded as a misdeed, but it is true that the increase of prostitutional behavior is growing tendency of the present world. This fact shows the existence of social cultural values and norms that admit prostitutional behavior. In this thesis. I try to give socioloical interpretation on these values and norms: ① All prostitutes are victims of socialization. ② Professional prostitutes acquire the habit of prostitution in the subculture of prostitutional group. ③ Prostitutes identify themselve with the so-called deviants labeled on them. :as the result they arc disposed to go astray than the powerful, ruling social stratification. ④ The increase of men demanding prostitution is a cause of prostitution increase. ⑤ Ruling social groep(mainly the high class of social stratification) ideally disdain prostitutes, but actually, permit the (prostitutes') social roles. ⑥ Though institutionalized sanction is severe, under those social-cultural value systems, it is quite natural that professional prostitution should be a flourishing job.