Waste Utilization into Fabrication of Functional Biochar and Its Environmental Application

Hocheol Song,Gihoon Kwon,Kwnagsuk Yoon 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

Neuroprotective effects of herbal mixture HT070 on global cerebral ischemia in rats

Song, Jungbin,Lee, Donghun,Kim, Young-Sik,Lee, Hyun Jeong,Lee, Seunggyeong,Kim, Dong Kuk,Kang, Shin Ho,Shin, Yong Kook,Choi, Ho-Young,Kim, Hocheol The Korea Association of Herbology 2016 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : HT070 is a mixture of herbal extracts from root of Scutellaria baicalensis and stem bark of Eleutherococcus senticosus , which have long been used for stroke therapy in traditional Korean Medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of HT070 on global cerebral ischemia and its potential mechanisms.Methods : Transient global cerebral ischemia was produced by 10 min of four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) in male Wistar rats. HT070 was administered orally at a dosage of 200 mg/kg twice at 0 and 90 min after reperfusion. Hippocampal neuronal damage was measured 7 days after reperfusion. To explore the potential mechanisms, we used hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells as an in vitro model. PC12 cells were pretreated with HT070 for 1 h and then exposed to 100 μM H₂O₂ for 6 h in the presence of HT070. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and the mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl-2, iNOS and COX-2 were measured by quantitative RT-PCR.Results : Oral administration of HT070 at a dose of 200 mg/kg significantly reduced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region by 13.4% as compared to the vehicle-treated group. HT070 increased cell viability, reversed the down-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA level, and suppressed the up-regulated mRNA expressions of Bax, iNOS, and COX-2 in H₂O₂-treated PC12 cells.Conclusions : HT070 protects against delayed neuronal death after global cerebral ischemia and its neuroprotection properties might be attributed to the inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis and ROS-generating enzymes.

Human lung microbial communities are associated with clinical outcome in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

( Hocheol Kim ),( Hee-young Yoon ),( Kwanghun Choi ),( Jin-woo Bae ),( Jin Woo Song ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.0

Purpose: Human lung microbiome are reported to be associated with survival, and acute exacerbation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, composition and clinical impact of microbiobial communities in the IPF lung tissues are unknown. The study aimed to investigate the association between lung tissue microbiome and clinical outcome in IPF patients. Methods: This study included patients with IPF (n=20; 10 survivors and 10 non-survivors) and age- and sex-matched controls (n=20). The genomic DNA was extracted from human lung tissues and amplified using fusion primers targeting variable V3 and V4 regions of the 16S RNA genes with indexing barcodes. Results: The median follow-up period was 5.4 years. The mean age of IPF subjects was 63.3 years, and 65% were male. There were no significant differences in alpha diversity indices between IPF patients and controls, and between survivors and non-survivors among IPF patients. In IPF lung, the relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus, Paracoccus, and Akkermansia increased, whereas that of genus Caulobacter, Azonexus, Undibacterium decreased compared with that in controls. In IPF non-survivors, genus Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium significantly increased than those in IPF survivors. In IPF patients, forced vital capacity (FVC) showed positive correlation with relative abundance of genus Curvibacter (r = 0.590) and Thioprofundum (r = 0.458), and negative correlation with that of genus Anoxybacillus (r= - 0.509), Enterococcus (r = - 0.593), Akkermansia (r = - 0.505), and Clostridium (r = - 0.445). In the multivariate Cox analysis adjusted by age, sex, smoking, and FVC, the relative abundance of genus Streptococcus (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.993, p = 0.044), Sphingomonas (HR: 57.590, p = 0.024), and Clostridium (HR: 37.189, p = 0.038) were significantly associated with IPF mortality. Conclusions: Our results suggest that lung tissue microbial communities could affect disease severity and prognosis in patients with IPF.

A friction behavior observation in the high speed optical polishing process

Hocheol Lee,Kyuman Kim,Minseok Choi,Chang Kyu Song 한국생산제조학회 2014 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.9(2)

Nitrogen dioxide increases the risk of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary

( Hocheol Kim ),( Hee-young Yoon ),( Sun-young Kim ),( Jin Woo Song ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Purpose: Ambient air pollution is associated with the incidence, survival, acute exacerbation, and lung function changes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the effect of personal exposure to air pollutant are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of individual exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on mortality in IPF patients. Methods: Total 1114 patients (mean age: 65.7 years, male: 80.5%) who were diagnosed with IPF at Asan Medical Center between 1995 and 2016 were included in this study. Annual-average concentrations of PM10 and NO2 at the address of individual patients were predicted by a national-scaled exposure prediction model based on air pollution concentration from 294 regulatory monitoring sites in 2006. The prediction models was calibrated by clinical (age, sex, the year at diagnosis, body mass index, smoking status, lung function, treatment status) and geographic (percentage of the elderly, educational attainment, gross regional domestic product, total regional population, degree of urbanization) covariates using a Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Median follow-up period was 3.8 years and 765 patients (68.8%) died during follow-up. In a univariate model, PM10 and NO2 were not associated with mortality. However, when prediction model adjusted by clinical and geographic covariates was used, NO2 was significantly associated with the mortality (HR, 1.172 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.039) although PM10 was not (HR, 1.030 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.708). When IPF patients were classified by age (≥65 years vs. <65 years), NO2 levels were significant prognostic factor in the elders (HR, 1.344 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.001), but not in youngers (HR, 1.010 for 10 μg/m3; p=0.945). PM10 was not associated with the mortality in IPF patients regardless of age. Conclusions: Increased exposure of NO2 is associated with an increased risk of mortality in IPF patients, particularly for the elderly.

Comparison of the Active Component Content and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Eleutherococcus senticosus Stem

Jungbin Song(송정빈),Meixiang Sun(선매향),Young Sik Kim(김영식),Donghun Lee(이동헌),Hocheol Kim(김호철) 한국약용작물학회 2017 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.2

공정오차 분석을 위한 초정밀 비구면 렌즈 형상 추출방법

이호철(Hocheol Lee),김건희(Geon-Hee Kim),송창규(Chang-kyu Song) 대한기계학회 2004 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2004 No.11

The lens manufacturing processes need to extract the aspherical surface equation from the unknown surface since its real profile can be adjusted by the process variables to make the ideal curve without the optical aberration. This paper presents a procedure to get the aspherical surface equation of an aspherical lens. Aspherical form generally consists of the Schulz formula to describe its profile. Therefore, the base curvature, conic constant, and high-order polynomial coefficient should be set to the original design equation. To find an estimated aspherical profile, firstly lens profile is measured by a contact profiler, which has a sub-micrometer measurement resolution. A mathematical tool is based on the minimization of the error function to get the estimated aspherical surface equation from the scanned aspherical profile. Error minimization step uses the Nelder-Mead simplex (direct search) method. The result of the refractive power measurement is compared with the curvature distribution on the estimated aspherical surface equation.

대구경 반사경 고속 연마 장치를 위한 적응형 연마헤드

이호철(Hocheol Lee),이남영(Namyoung Lee),송창규(Changkyu Song),박천홍(Chunhong Park),이후상(Husang Lee) 대한기계학회 2005 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2005 No.5

In this paper, we suggest a polishing head with a mechanical gimbals-like structure for the optics fabrication. In the small tool polishing processes, several types of polishing mechanism have been tried to get more deterministic and high efficient optical fabrication. The conventional polishing processes to use the contacting pad material of polyurethane or pitch need the higher polishing rate to shorten the overall polishing time for large optics. Therefore, new polishing head mechanism is designed to use the air backpressure and gimbals-like hinge structure to increase polishing velocity. In the following experiment, mechanical adaptability was confirmed both on the flat glass and the convex aluminum surface.

스포츠과학 기반 융합교육 프로그램을 통한 초등학생의 과학과 역량함양 실행 경험

송난영(Song Nanyoung),이호철(Lee Hocheol) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2019 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.19 No.17

본 연구의 목적은 스포츠과학 기반 융합교육 프로그램(Science-Sports STEAM Activity)의 실행을 통해 과학과 교과역량을 함양하는 것이다. 질적 패턴의 자료수집과 분석과정을 거치는 실행연구(action research) 방법을 활용하여 2018년 2월부터 11월까지 14개의 주제로 총 25차시의 융합교육 프로그램을 6학년(남:10명, 여:9명)을 대상으로 실시하였다. 주된 자료 수집원은 연구참여교사의 반성저널, 면담일지, 학생들의 과제 활동지와 학생들이 직접 제작하거나 작성한 질적 산출물 등이다. 자료분석은 근거이론을 바탕으로 한 Strauss와 Corbin(1998)의 코딩 분석 기법에 따라 분석과 해석의 과정을 거쳤다. 연구결과 스포츠과학 기반 수업은 참신한 학습주제 선정과 지도방법의 변화, 학생들 간의 활발한 공동체사고활동 등으로 인해 흥미가 진작되었으며, 이는 과학과 역량 함양의 기저가 되었다. 또한 차기 과학과 교육과정 개편 시 다양한 분야에서의 주제와 통합할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하였다고 판단된다. 다양한 학습구조와 과제구조의 적용은 학생들의 자기주도적 학습력을 신장시켰으며, 정보찾기, 과학 글읽기, 듣고 보기, 과학 글쓰기, 정보 나타내기, 발표하기 등의 과학적 의사소통 능력 향상에도 도움이 된다는 것을 확인하였다. 학습주제가 스포츠이기 때문에 여학생들의 관심이 다소 부족하였으므로 후속연구에서는 양성평등 차원에서 남학생과 여학생이 동시에 관심을 가지고 숙의할 수 있는 주제를 선정하는 것이 필요하다. 교사의 전문성과 책무성을 발휘한 과학수업 주제와 내용의 다변화는 교육과정 재구성을 통한 의미 있는 과학교육의 가치를 실현하는 방법이 될 것이다. This study aims to enhance scientific core competencies by implementing a science-sports based convergence education program. By using the action research method undergoing qualitative patterned data collection and analysis process by observing the class, observing meetings prior to and following the class, and interviewing the participants individually, the convergence education program of 20 class hours total and 14 topics was implemented for 6th grade students(10 male students and 9 female). The collected data was analyzed and interpreted according to the coding analysis technique of Strauss and Corbin (1998), which is based on grounded theory analysis. As a result, the science-sports based class boosted students’ interest due to the choice of novel learning topics, change in teaching method, and active group thinking between students, and this became the basis for enhancement of scientific core competencies. Also, it is judged to have provided basic materials for integration with subjects of various fields at the time of next curriculum revision. This boosted student’s self-directed learning ability and also helped improve their scientific communication abilities such as information retrieval, scientific reading, listening and observation, scientific writing, information representation, and presentation. Because the learning topic was sports, female students’ level of interest was low, so in a follow-up study, it is necessary to choose a topic in which both male and female students can have interest for gender equality. The convergence of the topic extracted from daily life and science is a good idea that can meet the teaching and learning methods proposed by the national curriculum. Diversifying science class topics and contents by demonstrating teachers’ professionalism and accountability will be a way to realize meaningful values of science education through reconstructing the curriculum.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide SNP- and pathway-based associations for facets of neuroticism

Kim, Song E,Kim, Han-Na,Yun, Yeo-Jun,Heo, Seong Gu,Cho, Juhee,Kwon, Min-Jung,Chang, Yoosoo,Ryu, Seungho,Shin, Hocheol,Shin, Chol,Cho, Nam H,Sung, Yeon Ah,Kim, Hyung-Lae Nature Publishing Group 2017 Journal of human genetics Vol.62 No.10

<P>Neuroticism is a heritable personality trait that is comprised of distinct sub-factors, or facets. Sub-factors of neuroticism are linked to different emotional states or psychiatric symptoms and studying the genetic variants associated with these facets may help reveal the biological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. In the present study, a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for six facets of neuroticism was performed in 5584 participants from three cohorts. Additionally, a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was conducted to find biological pathways associated with each facet. Six neuroticism facets (N1: anxiety, N2: angry hostility, N3: depression, N4: self-consciousness, N5: impulsivity and N6: vulnerability) were assessed using the Korean version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. In the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis, results showed genome-wide significance for N2 within the <I>MIR548H3</I> gene (rs1360001, <I>P</I>=4.14 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP>). Notable genes with suggestive associations (<I>P</I><1.0 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP>) were <I>ITPR1</I> for N1, <I>WNT7A</I> for N2, <I>FGF10</I> and <I>FHIT</I> for N3, <I>DDR1</I> for N4, <I>VGLL4</I> for N5 and <I>PTPRD</I> for N6. In the pathway-based analysis, the axon guidance pathway was identified to be associated with multiple facets of neuroticism (N2, N4 and N6). The focal adhesion and extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathways were significantly associated with N2 and N3. Our findings revealed genetic influences and biological pathways that are associated with facets of neuroticism.</P>