Sex-related Alterations of Gut Microbiota in the C57BL/6 Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Hee Jin Son,김나영,Chin-Hee Song,Ryoung Hee Nam,Soo In Choi,김주성,이동호 대한암예방학회 2019 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.24 No.3

Background: Gut microbiota is closely associated with development and exacerbation of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate differences in gut microbiota depending on sex and changes of gut microbiota during IBD developments. Methods: 16s rRNA metagenomic sequencing was performed for fecal materials from 8-week-old wild type (WT) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice of both sexes. Diversity indices, relative abundance of microbiota, and linear discriminant analysis effect size were examined to compare microbial communities between groups. Clustering of groups was performed by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Functional capabilities of microbiota were estimated using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Results: PCoA and UPGMA tree analysis of beta-diversity demonstrated significant differences in gut microbiota between male and female groups of WT mice, but not of IL-10 KO mice. Firmicutes to Bacteroides ratio was higher in male group than that in female group in both WT mice and IL-10 KO mice. Phylum Proteobacteria significantly increased in female IL-10 KO mice than that in female WT mice. At species level, Lactobacillus murinus, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Helicobacter hepaticus significantly increased in IL-10 KO mice than in WT mice. The relative abundance of beta-glucuronidase (K01195) was higher in female IL-10 KO mice than that in female WT mice by PICRUSt. Conclusions: Our results suggest that microbiota-host interactions might differ between sexes during development of IBD. (J Cancer Prev 2019;24:173-182)

중쇄중성지방(MCT)의 식이성 발열효과, 영양소 산화율 및 포만도

손희령(Hee-Ryoung Son),이명주(Myung-Ju Lee),김은경(Eun-Kyung Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2015 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.20 No.6

농업인의 휴식대사량 측정 및 휴식대사량 예측공식의 정확도 평가

손희령(Hee Ryoung Son),연서은(Seo Eun Yeon),최정숙(Jung Sook Choi),김은경(Eun Kyung Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2014 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.19 No.6

The purpose of this study was to measure the resting metabolic rate (RMR) and to assess the accuracy of RMR predictive equations for Korean farmers. Methods: Subjects were 161 healthy Korean farmers (50 males, 111 females) in Gangwon-area. The RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry for 20 minutes following a 12-hour overnight fasting. Selected predictive equations were Harris- Benedict, Mifflin, Liu, KDRI, Cunningham (1980, 1991), Owen-W, F, FAO/WHO/ UNU-W, WH, Schofield-W, WH, Henry-W, WH. The accuracy of the equations was evaluated on the basis of bias, RMSPE, accurate prediction and Bland-Altman plot. Further, new RMR predictive equations for the subjects were developed by multiple regression analysis using the variables highly related to RMR. Results: The mean of the measured RMR was 1703 kcal/day in males and 1343 kcal/ day in females. The Cunningham (1980) equation was the closest to measured RMR than others in males and in females (males Bias .0.47%, RMSPE 110 kcal/day, accurate prediction 80%, females Bias 1.4%, RMSPE 63 kcal/day, accurate prediction 81%). Body weight, BMI, circumferences of waist and hip, fat mass and FFM were significantly correlated with measured RMR. Thus, derived prediction equation as follow : males RMR = 447.5 + 17.4.Wt, females RMR = 684.5 . 3.5.Ht + 11.8.Wt + 12.4.FFM. Conclusions: This study showed that Cunningham (1980) equation was the most accurate to predict RMR of the subjects. Thus, Cunningham (1980) equation could be used to predict RMR of Korean farmers studied in this study. Future studies including larger subjects should be carried out to develop RMR predictive equations for Korean farmers.

Enhancement of the ALP activity of C3H10T1/2 cells by the combination of an oxysterol and apatite

Son, Kyung Mi,Park, Hee Chul,Kim, Na Ryoung,Lee, In-Seop,Yang, Hyeong-Cheol Institute of Physics Pub 2010 Biomedical materials Vol.5 No.4

<P>Biomimetic apatite coating has been used to load osteogenic biomolecules onto the surface of titanium implants. Apatite on the surface of biomaterials is thought to function as a reservoir of biomolecules as well as enhancing osteoconductivity. In this study, 20α-hydroxycholesterol (20α-HC), an osteogenic oxysterol, was used to induce differentiation of a mouse embryo fibroblast cell line (C3H10T1/2) by loading the oxysterol on biomimetically coated apatite of titanium discs. We found that the phosphatase (alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) activity of 20α-HC was significantly higher with ascorbic acid than alone, suggesting a need for ascorbic acid as a co-factor. When 20α-HC was added into the apatite coating solution, the ALP activity of the C3H10T1/2 cells did not increase on the apatite surface, even in the presence of ascorbic acid. However, ALP activity increased dramatically when 20α-HC was loaded by volatilization of EtOH from the apatite coat after dipping discs in 20α-HC-dissolved EtOH. Interestingly, ascorbic acid was not needed for this increase in ALP activity, suggesting a synergistic effect of 20α-HC and apatite. The concentration of calcium ions, a major component of apatite, affected the osteogenic effect of 20α-HC, and the increase in ALP activity was attenuated by L-type calcium channel inhibitors, verapamil and nifedipine. These results demonstrate that calcium ions released from apatite are important in the synergistic effect of 20α-HC and apatite.</P>

Anti-cancer effect of fenbendazole- incorporated PLGA nanoparticles in ovarian cancer

Chi-Son Chang,Ji-Yoon Ryu,June-Kuk Choi,Young-Jae Cho,Jung-Joo Choi,Jae Ryoung Hwang,Ju-Yeon Choi,Joseph J. Noh,Chan Mi Lee,Ji Eun Won,Hee Dong Han,Jeong-Won Lee 대한부인종양학회 2023 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.34 No.5

Objective: Fenbendazole (FZ) has potential anti-cancer effects, but its poor water solubility limits its use for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of FZ with different drug delivery methods on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in both in vitro and in vivo models. Methods: EOC cell lines were treated with FZ and cell proliferation was assessed. The effect of FZ on tumor growth in cell line xenograft mouse model of EOC was examined according to the delivery route, including oral and intraperitoneal administration. To improve the systemic delivery of FZ by converting fat-soluble drugs to hydrophilic, we prepared FZ-encapsulated poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (FZ-PLGA-NPs). We investigated the preclinical efficacy of FZ-PLGA-NPs by analyzing cell proliferation, apoptosis, and in vivo models including cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) of EOC. Results: FZ significantly decreased cell proliferation of both chemosensitive and chemoresistant EOC cells. However, in cell line xenograft mouse models, there was no effect of oral FZ treatment on tumor reduction. When administered intraperitoneally, FZ was not absorbed but aggregated in the intraperitoneal space. We synthesized FZ-PLGA-NPs to obtain water solubility and enhance drug absorption. FZ-PLGA-NPs significantly decreased cell proliferation in EOC cell lines. Intravenous injection of FZ-PLGA-NP in xenograft mouse models with HeyA8 and HeyA8-MDR significantly reduced tumor weight compared to the control group. FZ-PLGA-NPs showed anti-cancer effects in PDX model as well. Conclusion: FZ-incorporated PLGA nanoparticles exerted significant anti-cancer effects in EOC cells and xenograft models including PDX. These results warrant further investigation in clinical trials.

저해상도 영상의 균열 탐지를 위한 개선된 영상처리 알고리즘

손병직 ( Son Byung Jik ),전준룡 ( Jeon Joon Ryoung ),허광희 ( Heo Gwang Hee ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2018 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

In this study, we adapted very low resolution (240x320 = 76,800 pixels) images by which it is difficult to detect cracks. An automatic crack detection technique has been studied using digital image processing technology for low resolution images of sewage pipeline. Authors have developed two algorithms to detect cracks. The third step covers an algorithm developed to find optimal threshold value, and the sixth step deals with algorithm to determine cracks. As the result, in spite of very low-resolution images, the performance of crack detection turned out to be excellent.

에너지필요추정량 설정을 위한 농한기 농업인의 에너지 섭취량 및 신체활동수준의 평가

이선희(Sun Hee Lee),연서은(Seo Eun Yeon),손희령(Hee Ryoung Son),최정숙(Jung Sook Choi),김은경(Eun Kyung Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2012 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.17 No.5

The purpose of this study was to assess the physical activity level of Korean farmers to establish estimated energy requirements during the off-season. Subjects were 90 healthy males (n = 25) and females (n = 65). Body weight, height and body fat and muscles of subjects were measured. The prevalence of obesity among farmers was 56.7% according to the BMI. The farmers spent about 18 hours 7 minutes (75.5%) in sleeping and resting. The farmers spent about 19 hours 56 minutes (83.1%) out of 24 hours (one day) in “sedentary activities” and spent about 3 hours 56 minutes (16.4%) in “light activities”. Physical activity level (PAL, activity coefficient) of female farmers was 1.42 which was not significantly higher than that (1.37) of male farmers. Estimated energy requirements (EER) for farmers who were different in age groups and gender were calculated. For example, the EERs for male and female farmers were 2190 kcal/day and 1712 kcal/day, respectively. The daily energy intakes of male and female farmers were 1803 kcal/day and 1610 kcal/day, respectively. The EER of male farmers was 2190 kcal/day which was significantly higher than that (1803 kcal/day) of the recommended daily energy intake of male farmers. The results of this study suggest that estimated EER of farmers should be modified according to seasonal workload and energy balance of farmers should be evaluated to prevent obesity.

부산지역 수돗물과 지하수의 중금속 농도

김준연,손지언,김형수,김두희,원미숙,김인식,이혜령 동아대학교 산업의학연구소 2000 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.5

This study investigated mean airborne CO concention of 15 workplaces, suspected of CO exposure and conducted self-reported questionnaire completion and indirect COHb concentration measure using Micro II Smokerlyzer to healthy 702 adult subjects from 1999 May to 1999 September in order to find a relation of CO exposure and occupational factors, socioeconomic factors, and health related behaviors and confirm the related conditions in the screening test for CO exposure. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. In the CO exposed and non exposed group, COHb concentrations of the smokers were 2.55±0.96% and 2.21±0.97% and that got a statistically significant difference, There were not statistically significant differences in the age and total smoking index. Passed times after the last smoking, Working time/day, and working duration were statistically significant difference (p〈0.05). 2. In the CO exposed and non exposed group, COHb concentrations of non-smoking group were 0.94±0.35% and 0.68±0.47% and that got a statistically significant difference. There were not statistically significant differences in the age and working duration but Working time/day was a statistically significant difference(p〈0.05). 3. In the CO exposed group, r-square of multiple regression of the smokers was 38.5 % and passed time after the last smoking, working time/day, and job category were statistically significant differences (p〈0.05). And r-square in the CO non-exposed group was 38.3 % and age, passed time after the last smoking, and total smoking index were statistically significant difference. 4. In the CO exposed group, r-square of multiple repression of the non-smokers was 66.3% and job category and airborne CO concentration were statistically significant differences(p〈0.05). But r-square of non-smokers in the CO non-exposed group was 1.0% and there was not a statistically significant difference(p〈0.05). 5. In the smokers of CO exposed and non exposed groups, relation of COHb concentration and passed time after the last smoking was expressed as exponential function, Y = 2.9182e-0.0083x and r-square of this function was 37.4%. Therefore it was more than 150 minutes that passed time after the last smoking was when COHb concentrations were measured as less than 1%. In conclusion, variable, that was statistically significant to COHb concentraion in the both CO exposed and non-exposed smokers, was a passed time after the last smoking. We suggest that you have to restrict the smoking of smokers at least 150 minutes in the exposed and non exposed group before COHb concentration measure in order to exclude smoking effects

신생아 시기에 전형적인 특징을 보인 Galloway-Mowat syndrome 1례

박경희 ( Kyung Hee Park ),임영경 ( Ryoung Kyoung Lim ),김아영 ( Ah Young Kim ),김성현 ( Seong Heon Kim ),손승국 ( Seung Kook Son ),이윤진 ( Yun Jin Lee ),변신연 ( Shin Yun Byun ) 대한주산의학회 2015 Perinatology Vol.26 No.1

Galloway-Mowat syndrome은 태내 성장지연, 조기발현 신증후군, 소두증이나 뇌이랑 병변과 같은 신경계 이상, 식도열공 탈장을 보이는 증후군으로 현재는 식도열공 탈장이 진단에 필수 요건이 아니지만 이전에는 신증후군, 신경계 이상, 식도열공 탈장을 clinical triad 라고 명명하였다. 상염생체 열성으로 유전되는 것으로 알려져 있으며 신증후군의 발현시기는 대부분 3세이전으로 신조직검사 소견상 미만성 메산지움 경화증을 비롯하여 다양한 소견을 보인다. 현재까지 국내에는 두 개의 증례가 보고되었는데 이들은 모두 신생아기에 clinical triad를 나타내지 않은 증례들이다. 이에 저자들은 신생아기에 신증후군, 신경계 이상(lissencephaly), 식도열공 탈장의 clinical triad를 모두 보인 증례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GMS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder comprising of early-onset nephrotic syndrome and central nervous system involvement including microcephaly, seizure and developmental delay. Although hiatal hernia is no longer considered essential findings for diagnosis, clinical triad of GMS included nephrotic syndrome, neurological manifestations, and hiatal hernia in the original description. We experienced a case of newborn with GMS presenting these clinical triad in neonatal period. A male infant weighing 2,250 g was born at gestational week 39+3 by cesarean section. The patient revealed mild dysmorphic facial features and microcephaly. On day 7, Nissen fundoplication was done because of hiatal hernia with gastric volvulus. At the age of 2 weeks he developed nephrotic syndrome with proteinuria and hypoalubuminemia. This is the first case of GMS that three classic findings were present in neonatal period in Korea.

Changes in Cecal Microbiota and Short-chain Fatty Acid During Lifespan of the Rat

( Soo In Choi ),( Joo Hee Son ),( Nayoung Kim ),( Yong Sung Kim ),( Ryoung Hee Nam ),( Ji Hyun Park ),( Chin-hee Song ),( Jeong Eun Yu ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Kichul Yoon ),( Huitae Min ),( Yeon-ran Kim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.1

Background/Aims The gut microbiota regulates intestinal immune homeostasis through host-microbiota interactions. Multiple factors affect the gut microbiota, including age, sex, diet, and use of drugs. In addition, information on gut microbiota differs depending on the samples. The aim of this study is to investigate whether changes in cecal microbiota depend on aging. Methods Gut microbiota in cecal contents of 6-, 31-, and 74-week-old and 2-year-old male Fischer-344 rats (corresponding to 5-, 30-, 60-, and 80-year-old humans in terms of age) were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenome sequencing and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology. Moreover, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level in cecum and inflammation related factors were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Alpha and beta diversity did not change significantly with age. At the family level, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which produce SCFAs, showed significant change in 31-week-old rats: Lachnospiraceae significantly increased at 31 weeks of age, compared to other age groups, while Ruminococcaceae decreased. Butyrate levels in cecum were significantly increased in 31-week-old rats, and the expression of inflammation related genes was increased followed aging. Especially, EU622775_s and EU622773_s, which were highly abundance species in 31-week-old rats, showed significant relationship with butyrate concentration. Enzymes required for producing butyrate―acetyl-CoA transferase, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and butyrate kinase―were not predicted by PICRUSt. Conclusions Major bacterial taxa in the cecal lumen, such as Lachnospiraceae, well-known SCFAs-producing family, changed in 31-week-old rats. Moreover, unknown species EU622775_s and EU622773_s showed strong association with cecal butyrate level at 31 weeks of age. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:134-146)