The Analysis and Comparison of the Needle-puncture Property of Four Types of Silkworm Cocoons

Qian Wang,Yan Zhang,Hao Chen,Rong Zhang,Xuhong Yang,Ping Wang,Pibo Ma 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.8

Silkworm cocoons display outstanding properties in many aspects, such as thermal protection, biocompatibilityand mechanical resistance and so on. In this paper, we focus on the puncture properties without detailed exploration of fourtypes of cocoons (three domesticated cocoon and Eri silkworm). Different sections, end and middle, as well as differentdirections, puncturing from inner and outer surface, of four types of aforementioned cocoons were systematically analyzedand compared. The results of present research show that the middle section exhibits a relatively greater needle-punctureresistance compare with end section for three B. mori silkworm cocoons. With regard to different puncture directions, fromexternal and internal surface, puncturing from internal surface exhibits a relatively higher needle-puncture load as well asfracture displacement tendencies compared with needle-puncture performance from external surface no matter in middle orend sections. Combining physical parameter assessment, statistical analysis and needle-puncture performance, this researchinspires a clear-cut frame to design a composite with high puncture resistance.

H<SUB>∞</SUB> Multi-Step Prediction for Linear Discrete-Time Systems

Hao-qian Wang,Huan-shui Zhang,Hong Hu 대한전기학회 2008 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.6 No.1

A new approach to H∞ multi-step prediction is developed by applying the innovation analysis theory. Although the predictor is derived by resorting to state augmentation, nevertheless, it is completely different from the previous works with state augmentation. The augmented state here is considered just as a theoretical mathematic tool for deriving the estimator. A distributed algorithm for the Riccati equation of the augmented system is presented. By using the reorganized innovation analysis, calculation of the estimator does not require any augmentation. A numerical example demonstrates the effect in reducing computing burden.

Hydration, Compressive Strength and Durability of Eco-friendly Cement Mortars Containing Recycled Brick Powder and Metakaolin

Hao Wang,Liang Wang,Xin Qian,Ke Cao,Ying Xu,Yi Fang,Liyun Cui 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.9

Grinding brick waste into powder for use as a supplementary cementitious material has shown to be a promising recycling method for the reuse of construction and demolition waste.However, the strength and durability of concrete containing recycled brick powder (RBP) will significantly decrease due to the poor pozzolanic activity of RBP, limiting its wider applications. This study attempted to overcome these defects through metakaolin (MK) addition. The hydration, compressive strength, durability, and environmental impact of eco-friendly mortars containing RBP and MK were investigated. The results showed that MK promoted the early-stage hydration of cement, creating a suitable hydration environment for the hydration of RBP at a later age. As a result, the volume fractions of low-density calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and high-density C-S-H increased according to the nanoindentation test results. In addition, the strength, chloride penetration resistance, and reinforcement bar corrosion resistance of the blended mortars obviously improved due to the synergistic effect of RBP and MK. Lastly, we achieved CO2 emissions that were 22.1 – 30.2% lower and energy consumption that was 21.4 – 27.0% lower by incorporating 20% RBP and 5 – 15% MK.

A Two-Step Screening Algorithm to Solve Linear Error Equations for Blind Identification of Block Codes Based on Binary Galois Field

( Qian Liu ),( Hao Zhang ),( Peidong Yu ),( Gang Wang ),( Zhaoyang Qiu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.9

Existing methods for blind identification of linear block codes without a candidate set are mainly built on the Gauss elimination process. However, the fault tolerance will fall short when the intercepted bit error rate (BER) is too high. To address this issue, we apply the reverse algebra approach and propose a novel “two-step-screening” algorithm by solving the linear error equations on the binary Galois field, or GF(2). In the first step, a recursive matrix partition is implemented to solve the system linear error equations where the coefficient matrix is constructed by the full codewords which come from the intercepted noisy bitstream. This process is repeated to derive all those possible parity-checks. In the second step, a check matrix constructed by the intercepted codewords is applied to find the correct parity-checks out of all possible parity-checks solutions. This novel “two-step-screening” algorithm can be used in different codes like Hamming codes, BCH codes, LDPC codes, and quasi-cyclic LDPC codes. The simulation results have shown that it can highly improve the fault tolerance ability compared to the existing Gauss elimination process-based algorithms.

EFFECT OF CARBONIZATION TEMPERATURE ON DIELECTRIC AND MICROWAVE ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF COBALT DOPED MESOPOROUS CARBON COMPOSITES

QIAN LIAN,HONGJING WU,LIUDING WANG,HAO WU 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.3

Co doped mesoporous carbon composites (MC – Co) have been synthesized at di®erent carbon-ization temperatures via evaporation-induced multicomponent co-assembly strategy. Thenanostructures and chemical compositions of MC – Co composites were characterized by trans-mission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray di®ractionanalysis (XRD), etc. Their electromagnetic and microwave absorption properties were investi-gated in the frequency ranging from 2 GHz to 18 GHz. By the measurement of electromagneticparameters and theoretical simulation of re°ection loss (RL), the results showed that the mini-mum RL value of the optimum composite MC – Co-800 reached up to ? 41.9 dB at 13.5 GHz with athickness of only 1.80 mm, and the e®ective absorption bandwidth ( < ? 10 dB) is 4.4 GHz (from11.4 GHz to 15.8 GHz). This work demonstrated that the optimum carbonization temperature ofthe obtained composites is 800?C, which is critical to its electromagnetic properties. The excellentmicrowave absorption properties can be attributed to dielectric loss, Ohmic loss, and charac-teristic impedance matching. Therefore, the as-synthesized composites could be acted as a can-didate of microwave absorber, especially for the light weight demand.

Development of Virtual Load Rating Method for Taxiway Bridge under Aircraft Taxiing

Qian Dong,Jianhua Wang,Xianmin Zhang,Hao Wang,Xisha Jin 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.7

This paper presents finite element model (FEM) based virtual load rating method for accurately and efficiently evaluating the bearing capacity of taxiway bridge in the field under aircraft taxiing. A dynamic load coefficient of aircraft loading was first developed considering deck pavement roughness and aircraft lift force. The in situ responses of taxiway bridges under 10 aircraft were collected using instrumentation system with acceleration sensor, strain sensor, and inclinometer. The modal frequency, strain influence lines, and deflections of taxiway bridge were obtained from FE analysis and in situ test. An optimization objective function in terms of fundamental frequency and strain influence lines was formulated to ensure convergence and effectiveness in the model updating process, wherein the bending stiffness, density and boundary conditions of the structures are selected as the design variables. The weighted-average method of model updating parameters was proposed considering the differences in the obtained parameters under different loading conditions. The analysis results of updated FE model were validated using static loading test conducted on taxiway bridge. Finally, the proposed virtual load rating method was applied to Taxiway Bridge V in Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (CAN).

Effects of pulsed laser surface remelting on microstructure, hardness and lead-bismuth corrosion behavior of a ferrite/martensitic steel

Hao Wang,Qian Yuan,Linjiang Chai,Ke Zhao,Ning Guo,Jun Xiao,Xing Yin,Bin Tang,Yuqiong Li,Shaoyu Qiu 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.6

A typical ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steel sheet was subjected to pulsed laser surface remelting (LSR) andcorrosion test in lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) at 550 C. There present two modification zones withdistinct microstructures in the LSRed specimen: (1) remelted zone (RZ) consisting of both bulk d-ferritegrains and martensitic plates and (2) heat-affected zone (HAZ) below the RZ, mainly composed ofmartensitic plates and high-density precipitates. Martensitic transformation occurs in both the RZ andthe HAZ with the Kurdjumov-Sachs and Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationships followedconcurrently, resulting in scattered orientations and specific misorientation characteristics. Hardnessesof the RZ and the HAZ are 364 ± 7 HV and 451 ± 15 HV, respectively, considerably higher than that of thematrix (267 ± 3 HV). In oxygen-saturated and oxygen-depleted LBE, thicknesses of oxide layers developed on both the as-received and the LSRed specimens increase with prolonging corrosion time (oxidelayers always thinner under the oxygen-depleted condition). The corrosion resistance of the LSRed F/Msteel in oxygen-saturated LBE is improved, which can be attributed to the grain-refinement acceleratedformation of dense FeeCr spinel. In oxygen-depleted LBE, the growth of oxide layers is very low withboth types of specimens showing similar corrosion resistance

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) irreversibly inactivates creatine kinase from Pelodiscus sinensis by targeting the active site cysteine

Wang, W.,Lee, J.,Hao, H.,Park, Y.D.,Qian, G.Y. Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.105 No.3

Creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2, CK) plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis by catalysing the transfer of phosphate between ATP and creatine phosphate. In this study, we investigated the effects of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> on PSCKM (muscle type creatine kinase from Pelodiscus sinensis) by the integrating method between enzyme kinetics and docking simulations. We found that H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> strongly inactivated PSCKM (IC<SUB>50</SUB>=0.25mM) in a first-order kinetic process, and targeted the active site cysteine directly. A conformational study showed that H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> did not induce the tertiary structural changes in PSCKM with no extensive exposure of hydrophobic surfaces. Sequential docking simulations between PSCKM and H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> indicated that H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> interacts with the ADP binding region of the active site, consistent with experimental results that demonstrated H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced inactivation. Our study demonstrates the effect of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> on PSCKM enzymatic function and unfolding, and provides important insight into the changes undergone by this central metabolic enzyme in ectothermic animals in response to the environment.

Sperm maturation screening and the effect of ecdysone on sperm development of silkworm Bombyx mori

Cheng Hao,Wang Yanyan,Chang Meiling,Zhang Kun,Cai Zhiyan,Qian Yuxin,Li Dandan 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2

There are two sperm morphs of silkworm, the nucleated spermatozoa (eupyrene) and anucleated spermatozoa (apyrene). Eupyrene sperm cannot complete fertilization successfully without the apyrene sperm. Here a modified rapid and efficient method for sperm identification was developed, after 10 s of fixation in para formaldehyde and 30 s of 4 ′ 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) or propidium Iodide (PI) staining, the sperm bundles can be detected easily using a fluorescence microscope. Sperm maturation process of silkworm from the fifth instar larvae to the adult was described with the above method, the precise time of earliest elongate apyrene bundles was detected on day 2 of pre-pupation, with a ratio of 5% in total sperm bundles, after which the percentage of apyrene sperm bundles increased rapidly and attained a relatively stable ratio of 75% at the end of pupation and nearly 80% after eclosion. Delayed mating leads to apyrene sperm accumulation and damaged fertilization. Previous study showed that ecdysone can increase the frequency of apyrene sperm bundles in vitro. Here 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) was injected into hemolymph of the 2-d-old fifth instar larvae, the worms entered into mounting period after three days injection, but no apyrene sperm bundles were induced unless day 2 of pre-pupation. Interestingly, maturation of eupyrene sperm bundles were accelerated, and the ratio of eupyrene sperm bundles increased and exhibited a dose-dependent effect after 20E injection, which indicated that the development of eupyrene sperm can be accelerated by ecdysone before pupation of silkworm in vivo. These results will provide new clues for lepidopteran pest control.

Time-Dependent Changes in the Bladder Muscle Metabolome After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats Using Metabolomics

Ying-Hao Liu,Qian Gong,Yi-Kai Wang,Wei-Bing Shuang 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2023 International Neurourology Journal Vol.27 No.2

Purpose: The main treatment options of neurogenic bladder remains catheterization and long-term oral medications. Metabolic interventions have shown good therapeutic results in many diseases. To date, no studies have characterized the metabolites of the detrusor muscle during neurogenic bladder. Using metabolomics, new muscle metabolomic signatures were identified to reveal the temporal metabolic profile of muscle during disease progression. Methods: We used 42 Sprague-Dawley rats (200±20 g, males) for T10 segmental spinal cord injury modeling and collected detrusor tissue and performed nontargeted metabolomics after sham surgery, 30-minute, 6-hour, 12-hour, 24-hour, 5-day, and 2-week postmodelling, to identify the dysregulated metabolic pathways and key metabolites. Results: By comparing mzCloud, mzVault, MassList, we identified a total of 1,271 metabolites and enriched a total of 12 metabolism-related pathways with significant differences (P<0.05) based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. Metabolites in several differential metabolic pathways such as ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, Steroid hormone biosynthesis, and carbon metabolism are altered in a regular manner before and after ridge shock. Conclusions: Our study is the first time-based metabolomic study of rat forced urinary muscle after traumatic spinal cord injury, and we identified multiple differential metabolic pathways during injury that may improve long-term management strategies for neurogenic bladder and reduce costs in long-term treatment.