Can Nordic Extended Collective Licence Be Transplanted to China?

Haijun Lu 이준국제법연구원 2017 China and WTO Review Vol.3 No.1

Changing Tides of the Chinese Trademark Law

Haijun Lu 이준국제법연구원 2015 China and WTO Review Vol.1 No.2

An Experimental Study of Mineral and Microstructure for Undisturbed Loess Polluted by Landfill Leachate

Haijun Lu,Shicheng Xu,Dinggang Li,Jixiang Li 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.12

To investigate the shear strength and microstructure of undisturbed loess polluted by landfill leachate, a series of laboratory tests were carried out to determine the shear strength, mineral composition, surface morphology, particle size distribution and pore characteristics of the loess. The stress-strain curve of undisturbed soil polluted by landfill leachate showed typical strain-softening behavior. The deviatoric stress, cohesion and angle of shearing resistance of undisturbed soil decreased at increased landfill leachate concentrations, decreased by 31.03%, 30.01%, respectively. But pore water pressure was positively related to leachate concentrations. The content of primary minerals remained stable, and the content of montmorillonite and illite decreased with increased leachate concentration, reduced by 26.02%, 23.93%, respectively. Soil structure changed into an unstable honeycomb structure when the leachate concentration increased. Moreover, the average particle size decreased by 62.1%, and the specific surface area increased and then stabilized at 500 ~ 650 m2/kg. The soil particles became nonuniform and porous and their sizes gradually decreased. The pore radius of soil mainly ranged from 0.02 μm to 1 μm. The maximum radius and optimal radius of the pore increased when the leachate concentrations increased.

Analytical moment expression for linear element in diagonal form fast multipole boundary element method

Haijun Wu,Weikang Jiang,Wenbo Lu 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.7

The moment of diagonal form fast multipole boundary element for the Helmholtz equation in essence is the surface integration of exponential function on an element. In this paper, the moment for a linear triangular element can be integrated analytically by transforming the coordinates from global Cartesian coordinates to local area coordinates. The derived analytical moment evaluation is compared with the classical numerical calculation, and results show that analytical method makes the moment calculation efficient, stable, and accurate.

Iterative Generation Method of Arc Length Parameterized Curve Tool Path for Surface Machining from Short-Line Tool Path

Lei Lu,Jiang Han,Lian Xia,Cheng Fan,Haijun Liu,Shan Chen 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.10

To improve the application of the parametric curve tool path in surface machining, a method for generating arc-length parameterized toolpaths based on short-line toolpaths is proposed. The method first uses commercial CAM software to plan the short-line tool path. Then, the machining tool path with smooth continuous features is extracted. The smooth and continuous features are determined according to the chord length of the short-line tool path, and the extraction method is based on Chebyshev’s inequality of large numbers. After obtaining the smooth short-line trajectory, the iterative arc-length parameterized curve toolpath generation method is used to fit the discrete short-line toolpath. In the iterative process, the B-spline toolpath with parameterized chord length is obtained first. It is discretized according to the arc length difference information of the chord length B-spline. Finally, by continuously checking and inserting B-spline nodes, and fitting according to discrete points, the arc-length parameterized B-spline tool path is obtained. The feasibility of the method is verified with a part containing a sculpted surface, and two smooth arc-length parametric toolpaths are generated. In the end, the part is machined with the arc-length parameterized curve tool path.

Adsorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II) onto Clay Modified with Sludge Activated Carbon

Kaifan Li,Haijun Lu,Qian Zhang,Jixiang Li 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.6

Sludge Activated carbon was prepared by heating dewatered municipal sludge to 400°C using ZnCl2 as an activator. The abilities of clay modified with 1%, 3%, and 5% of the sludge activated carbon to adsorb heavy metals were determined. The materials were subjected to scanning electron microscopy and low-temperature nitrogen-adsorption, extraction efficiency, adsorption kinetics, and isothermal adsorption tests to allow the pore sizes, pore volume distributions, pore structures, and adsorption capacities to be assessed. The pores were mostly mesopores and were mostly amorphous (e.g., ink-bottle-shaped holes). With the solid/liquid ratio kept constant, the adsorption capacity at equilibrium increased as the sludge activated carbon content of the clay increased. For clay modified with 1% sludge activated carbon, the adsorption capacity for Cd(II) at equilibrium decreased from 314 to 280 mg/kg as the solid/liquid ratio increased from 80 to 160 g/L. The adsorption capacities for Cu(II) at equilibrium at solid/liquid ratios of 80, 120, and 160 g/L were 442, 409, and 383 mg/kg, respectively, which were 41%, 34%, and 37% higher, respectively, than the Cd(II) adsorption capacities at the same solid/liquid ratios. It was concluded that the sludge activated carbon was suitable for trapping heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Cu(II).

Experimental Study on the Environmental Effects and Mechanical Characteristics of Solidified Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soil Based on Slag and Desulfurization Gypsum

Mengyi Liu,Haijun Lu,Fuwu Luo,Meng Zang,Jing Zhang 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.1

This study proposed a new curing agent consisting of slag and desulfurization gypsum industrialwaste to solidify Cr(VI)-contaminated soils and prevent its migration and bioaccumulation in the ecosphere. The curing agent dosage of 10 – 30% resulted in a Cr(VI) toxic leaching concentration, compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity range of 0.118 – 5.824 mg/L, 2.70 – 10.22 MPa, and 1.70 × 109–1.37 × 106 cm/s, respectively. Following four dry and wet cycles, the dosage of the curing agent was found to be 20 – 30% to achieve minimum environmental safety requirements. Cr(VI) in the cured specimens mainly existed as CrO42, or acid salt, in which a portion was changed to Cr(III) during precipitation or directly was encased in the silica-alumina mesh structure. The adsorption capacity of hexavalent chrome on the outer of the hydration product groups was insignificant owing to the electronegativity. Hence, the Cr(VI) was solidified by hydrides such as C-S(A)-H and calcium alumina inclusions. Calcite, quartz, and several zeolite-like substances were also found to be colloidal in the pores to block Cr(VI).

Theoretical Study on the Influence of Welding Collar on the Shear Behavior of Stud Shear Connectors

Yulin Zhan,Siji Lu,Yuanbiao Zheng,Haijun Jiang,Shaohui Xiong 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.4

Arc stud welding will melt the root of the stud to form a welding collar. For the purpose of exploring the influence of welding collar, numerical method is adopted for the theoretical analysis on shear resistance of the stud under several groups of different welding collar parameters. Firstly, the shear resistance between whether the headed studs considering the welding collars or not is compared. Then, the radius and height parameters of welding collar are changed. Finally, the increment ratio of bearing capacity by welding collars with the same height-diameter ratio is taken into consideration. Experimental data from three push-out test are adopted to validate the accuracy of the numerical method. The results show that the welding collar changes the yield area at the bottom of the stud. The height parameter has less influence than the radius. Under the condition that welding collars have the same height-diameter ratio, the improvement of shear resistance with different diameters roughly converges to 7.28%. The formulas of various countries show that at the height-diameter ratio of 0.25, the average value of bearing capacity of welding collar in various specification approach 7.1% of formula value.

Changes in the Expression and Distribution of Claudins, Increased Epithelial Apoptosis, and a Mannan-Binding Lectin-Associated Immune Response Lead to Barrier Dysfunction in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Rat Colitis

( Bosi Yuan ),( Shuping Zhou ),( Youke Lu ),( Jiong Liu ),( Xinxin Jin ),( Haijun Wan ),( Fangyu Wang ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.6

Background/Aims: This animal study aimed to define the underlying cellular mechanisms of intestinal barrier dysfunction.Methods: Rats were fed 4% with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce experimental colitis. We analyzed the sugars in 24-hour urine output by high pressure liquid chromatography.The expression of claudins, mannan-binding lectin (MBL), and MBL-associated serine proteases 2 (MASP-2) were detected in the colonic mucosa by immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic cells in the colonic epithelium were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling method assay. Results: The lactulose and sucralose excretion levels in the urine of rats with DSS-induced colitis were significantly higher than those in the control rats. Mannitol excretion was lower and lactulose/mannitol ratios and sucralose/mannitol ratios were significantly increased compared with those in the control group (p<0.05). Compared with the controls, the expression of sealing claudins (claudin 3, claudin 5, and claudin 8) was significantly decreased, but that of claudin 1 was increased. The expression of pore-forming claudin 2 was upregulated and claudin 7 was downregulated in DSS-induced colitis. The epithelial apoptotic ratio was 2.8%±1.2% in controls and was significantly increased to 7.2%±1.2% in DSS-induced colitis. The expression of MBL and MASP-2 in the intestinal mucosa showed intense staining in controls, whereas there was weak staining in the rats with colitis. Conclusions: There was increased intestinal permeability in DSS-induced colitis. Changes in the expression and distribution of claudins, increased epithelial apoptosis, and the MASP-2-induced immune response impaired the intestinal epithelium and contributed to high intestinal permeability. (Gut Liver 2015,9:734-740)

Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells overexpressing Nrf2 accelerate cutaneous wound healing by promoting vascularization in a diabetic foot ulcer rat model

Xue-Li Zhou,Xiaoyun Xie,Weishuai Lian,Rongfeng Shi,Shilong Han,Haijun Zhang,Ligong Lu,Maoquan Li 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) increase the risks of infection and amputation in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The impaired function and senescence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and high glucose-induced ROS likely exacerbate DFUs. We assessed EPCs in 60 patients with DM in a hospital or primary care setting. We also evaluated the therapeutic effects of exosomes secreted from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on stress-mediated senescence of EPCs induced by high glucose. Additionally, the effects of exosomes and Nrf2 overexpression in ADSCs were investigated in vitro and in vivo in a diabetic rat model. We found that ADSCs that secreted exosomes promoted proliferation and angiopoiesis in EPCs in a high glucose environment and that overexpression of Nrf2 increased this protective effect. Wounds in the feet of diabetic rats had a significantly reduced ulcerated area when treated with exosomes from ADSCs overexpressing Nrf2. Increased granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and levels of growth factor expression as well as reduced levels of inflammation and oxidative stress-related proteins were detected in wound beds. Our data suggest that exosomes from ADSCs can potentially promote wound healing, particularly when overexpressing Nrf2 and therefore that the transplantation of exosomes may be suitable for clinical application in the treatment of DFUs.