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하월규 ( Woel-kyu Ha ),이정민 ( Jeongmin Lee ),김규언 ( Kyu-earn Kim ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2017 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.5 No.2
Milk proteins are composed of casein, further classified into αS1-casein, αS2-casein, β-casein, and κ-casein, and whey protein, which is separated into α-lacatalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, serum albumin, and some minor proteins, such as lactoferrin and immunoglobulin. To reduce the allergenicity of protein, heat treatment and enzymatic protein hydrolysis by endopeptidase are necessarily required. Additionally, membrane technology should be applied to produce a protein hydrolyzate, which has consistent molecular weight of peptide and low in free amino acid without allergenic peptide or protein. Extensive casein hydrolyzate and whey protein hydrolyzate are used for protein source of mainly extensively hydrolyzed protein formula (eHF) intended for the treatment of cow`s milk allergy. Also, partially hydrolyzed formula (pHF) is developed, which is using a single protein source e.g., whey protein hydrolyzate. The allergenicity of infant formula can be determined according to molecular weight profile and antigenicity reduction compared to intact protein. More than 90% peptides are present in eHF have a molecular weight of < 3,000 Da. Peptide molecular weight profiles of pHF range mainly between 3,000 and 10,000 Da, but have a small percentage of >10,000 Da. Generally, antigenicity reduction in eHF and pHF is 10<sup>-6</sup> and 10<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Even if protein hydrolyzate is manufactured under strict quality control, there is still a risk of cross contamination of allergenic milk components through environmental conditions and the shared manufacturing process. Thus, quality assessment of protein hydrolyzate formula must be performed routinely. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2017:5:63-72)
Effect of IGF-I Rich Fraction from Bovine Colostral Whey on Murine Immunity
Kyung-A Hwang,Woel-Kyu Ha,양희진,이수원 아세아·태평양축산학회 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.2
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) rich fraction, collected components between 1 kDa and 30 kDa, was fractionated from bovine colostral whey using an ultrafiltration membrane. IGF-I was confirmed in the collected IGF-I rich fraction by both SDSPAGE and Western blotting. The concentration of IGF-I in the IGF-I rich fraction was 10 ng/mg protein. One hundred microliters of the reconstituted IGF-I rich fraction was intraperitoneally injected into ICR male mice for 2 weeks at 24 h intervals. The functions of peritoneal macrophages, including phagocytosis, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-慣 production, and nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production, were enhanced significantly by the administration of the IGF-I rich fraction in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). The proliferation of Concanavalin (Con) A-stimulated and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocytes was also determined to have been enhanced significantly by the administration of the IGF-I rich fraction in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). Our results indicate that the administration of IGF-I rich fraction obtained from bovine colostral whey enhances both innate and acquired immunity for ICR male mice.
한국 재래산양유 및 혈청중의 Immunoglobulin G 의 함량에 관한 연구 1 . 비유기간에 따른 IgG 의 함량변화
하월규,임종우,최충국 ( Woel Kyu Ha,Jong Woo Lim,Chung Kug Choi ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.10
To investigate the changes of IgG concentration in colostra, normal milk and blood serum, this experiment was carried out with Korean Native Goats for 21 days postpartum. Samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 hrs and in 3 days interval from 10 to 21 days after parturition. The results obtained were as follows: 1. IgG concentration in colostrurn at the first milking postpartum were significantly (P$lt;0.05) decreased for 48 hrs postpartum in primipara and 24 hrs postpartum in multipara, respectively. 2. IgG concentration in blood serum from colostral period to normal lactation stages were significantly increased (P$lt;0.05) in primipara and multipara. 3. The IgG concentration in milk showed significantly (P$lt;0.01) negative correlationship with that of blood serum (r=-0.2697).
Characterization of Lactic Bacterial Strains Isolated from Raw Milk
Kim, Hyun-jue,Shin, Han-seung,Ha, Woel-kyu,Yang, Hee-jin,Lee, Soo-won Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.1
During lactic acid bacteria (LAB) transit through the gastrointestinal tract, ingested microorganisms were exposed to successive stress factors, including low pH in the human stomach and in bile acid. These stress factors can be used as criteria for the selection of a viable probiotic strain. Four such strains (Lactobacillus helveticus SGU 0011, Lactobacillus pentosus SGU 0010, Streptococcus thermophilus SGU 0021 and Lactobacillus casei SGU 0020) were isolated from raw milk. When the identified LAB were exposed to synthetic gastric juice, whereas L. casei SGU 0020 and S. thermophilus SGU 0021 exhibited a 0% survival rate, L. helveticus SGU 0011 and L. pentosus SGU 0010 exhibited 60% and 95% survival rates. L. casei SGU 0020 and S. thermophilus SGU 0021 could not be examined with regard to their tolerances to artificial bile juice, as they uniformly died upon exposure. However, L. helveticus SGU 0011 and L. pentosus SGU 0010 individually survived at rates of 39% and 93%. Also, all four of these strains were confirmed to be tolerant of ten different antibiotics.
Seung-Min Lee,Yoonsu Cho,Hye-Kyung Chung,Dong-Hyuk Shin,Woel-Kyu Ha,Sang-Chul Lee,Min-Jeong Shin 대한지역사회영양학회 2012 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.6 No.4
We tested the effects of dietary intake of freeze-dried Korean traditional fermented cabbage (generally known as kimchi) with varying amounts of sodium on blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), as a control group, received a regular AIN-76 diet, and the SHRs were divided into four groups. The SHR group was fed a regular diet without kimchi supplementation, the SHR-L group was fed the regular diet supplemented with low sodium kimchi containing 1.4% salt by wet weight, which was provided in a freeze-dried form, the SHR-M group was supplemented with medium levels of sodium kimchi containing 2.4% salt, and the SHR-H group was supplemented with high sodium kimchi containing 3.0% salt. Blood pressure was measured over 6 weeks, and cardiac hypertrophy was examined by measuring heart and left ventricle weights and cardiac histology. SHRs showed higher blood pressure compared to that in WKY rats, which was further elevated by consuming high sodium containing kimchi but was not influenced by supplementing with low sodium kimchi. None of the SHR groups showed significant differences in cardiac and left ventricular mass or cardiomyocyte size. Levels of serum biochemical parameters, including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, sodium, and potassium were not different among the groups. Elevations in serum levels of aldosterone in SHR rats decreased in the low sodium kimchi group. These results suggest that consuming low sodium kimchi may not adversely affect blood pressure and cardiac function even under a hypertensive condition.
한우와 젖소 초유로부터 분리한 Lactoferrin의 생화학적 특성
양희진,손동화,하월규,이수원,Yang Hee-Jin,Son Dong-Hwa,Ha Woel-Kyu,Lee Soo-Won 한국축산식품학회 2005 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.25 No.1
본 연구는 우리나라 재래종인 한우로부터 초유를 얻어 Lf을 분리·정제한 후 한우 Lf의 생화학적 특성을 확인하였다. 정제된 한우 Lf은 분자량이 81,000Da이고 등전점은 pI 9였으며, 철함량이 0.56 mg/g으로 철 포화도는 약 40.6%로 측정되었다. 한우 Lf과 젖소 Lf은 아미노산 조성과 a-helix 함량에서 서로 다르게 나타났다. 또한, 항원 항체 반응으로 확인한 결과, K-Lf과 B-Lf 간에는 교차반응을 보였으나 H-Lf과는 교차반응을 보이지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate biochemical properties of lactoferrin (Lf) obtained from the colostrum of Korea native cow. The molecular weight of the purified Korean native cow's Lf (K-Lf) was 81kDa, the isoelectric point was 9, and the content of iron was 0.56 mg/g, which is indicated that iron saturation of the lactoferrin was 40.6%. Amino acid composition and a-helix content were different K-Lf from bovine Lf (B-Lf). Immunological cross reactivity was observed between K-Lf and B-Lf but not between K-Lf and human Lf (H-Lf) by immunodiffusion test and Western blot analysis. Out results indicate that structure of K-Lf is different from that of B-Lf although K-Lf and B-Lf were immunologically cross-reactive.