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p‐Type InP Nanopillar Photocathodes for Efficient Solar‐Driven Hydrogen Production
Lee, Min Hyung,Takei, Kuniharu,Zhang, Junjun,Kapadia, Rehan,Zheng, Maxwell,Chen, Yu‐,Ze,Nah, Junghyo,Matthews, Tyler S.,Chueh, Yu‐,Lun,Ager, Joel W.,Javey, Ali WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Angewandte Chemie Vol.124 No.43
<P><B>Perfekte Textur</B>: Der Einfluss der Oberflächen‐Nanotexturierung, der TiO<SUB>2</SUB>‐Passivierung und des Ru‐Cokatalysators auf die photoelektrochemische Wasserstoffentwicklung durch p‐InP‐Photokathoden wurde untersucht. Höhere Stromdichten und günstigere Onset‐Potentiale werden nach Oberflächen‐Nanotexturierung beobachtet. NHE=Normalwasserstoffelektrode.</P>
Development of Microstrain in Aged Lithium Transition Metal Oxides
Lee, Eung-Ju,Chen, Zonghai,Noh, Hyung-Ju,Nam, Sang Cheol,Kang, Sung,Kim, Do Hyeong,Amine, Khalil,Sun, Yang-Kook American Chemical Society 2014 NANO LETTERS Vol.14 No.8
<P>Cathode materials with high energy density for lithium-ion batteries are highly desired in emerging applications in automobiles and stationary energy storage for the grid. Lithium transition metal oxide with concentration gradient of metal elements inside single particles was investigated as a promising high-energy-density cathode material. Electrochemical characterization demonstrated that a full cell with this cathode can be continuously operated for 2500 cycles with a capacity retention of 83.3%. Electron microscopy and high-resolution X-ray diffraction were employed to investigate the structural change of the cathode material after this extensive electrochemical testing. It was found that microstrain developed during the continuous charge/discharge cycling, resulting in cracking of nanoplates. This finding suggests that the performance of the cathode material can be further improved by optimizing the concentration gradient to minimize the microstrain and to reduce the lattice mismatch during cycling.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2014/nalefd.2014.14.issue-8/nl5022859/production/images/medium/nl-2014-022859_0012.gif'></P>
한국 정상 성인에서의 무증상 죽상경화성 경동맥 협착증의 유병률에 관한 연구
이철형,김동익,김용일,이병붕,허진석,이순정,박광천,김도율 대한혈관외과학회 1999 Vascular Specialist International Vol.15 No.2
Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of atherosclerotic disease of the extracranial carotid artery in healthy Korean population. Methods: Eight hundred twenty-five patients without previous. history of transient ischemic attack, amaurosis fugax, and/or any neurologic deficit who underwent carotid artery ultrasonography were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into five groups according to the degree of carotid artery stenosis using real-time B-mode high resolution ultrasonography; Group A-normal carotid artery, Group B-below 30% of carotid artery stenosis, Group C-from 31% to 50% of carotid artery stenosis, Group D-from 51% to 70% of carotid artery stenosis, Group E-above 71% of carotid artery stenosis. Medical Records of all patients were investigated for following factors; sex, age, family history, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, HDL- cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG (triglyceride), HbA-1c (hemoglobin A-lc), and folate. Results: 12.5% of asymptomatic patients have carotid stenosis due to atherosclerosis of extracranial carotid artery. The prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis was as follows; Group B: 2.2%, Group C: 7.0%, Group D: 3.0%. The age, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HbA-1c were significantly higher in Group B, C, D than Group A (P 0.001, 0.016, 0.011, 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were significantly higher in Group B, C, D than Group A. Other factors, however, were not different among the groups. Conclusion: Asymptomatic carotid artherosclerosis is not uncommon in Korea. Carotid ultrasonography would be necessary for patients with hypertension, diabetes, and high serum cholesterol level.
mTOR is required for asymmetric division through small GTPases in mouse oocytes
Lee, Seung‐,Eun,Sun, Shao‐,Chen,Choi, Hyun‐,Yong,Uhm, Sang‐,Jun,Kim, Nam‐,Hyung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Molecular reproduction and development Vol.79 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is central to the control of cell proliferation, growth, and survival in mammalian cells. Prolonged treatment with rapamycin inhibits mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) activity, and both the mTORC1‐mediated S6K1 and 4E‐BP1/eIF4E pathways are essential for TORC2‐mediated RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1 expression during cell motility and F‐actin reorganization. The functions of mTOR in the mouse oocyte remain unclear, however. The present study shows that rapamycin affects mTOR expression and cytoskeleton reorganization during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. mTOR mRNA was expressed in germinal vesicles (GV) until metaphase I (MI), and increased during metaphase II (MII). Immunostaining showed that mTOR localized around the spindle and in the cytoplasm of oocytes. Treatment of oocytes with rapamycin decreased mTOR at the RNA and protein level, and altered asymmetric division. Formation of the actin cap and the cortical granule‐free domain were also disrupted after rapamycin treatment, indicating the failure of spindle migration. Injection of an anti‐mTOR antibody yielded results consistent with those obtained for rapamycin treatment, further confirming the involvement of mTOR in oocyte polarity. Furthermore, rapamycin treatment reduced the mRNA expression of small GTPases (RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1), which are crucial regulatory factors for cytoskeleton reorganization. Taken together, these results suggest that rapamycin inhibits spindle migration and asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation via mTOR‐mediated small GTPase signaling pathways. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 79: 356–366, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>
Bottle Label Segmentation Based on Multiple Gradient Information
Chen, Yanjuan,Park, Sang-Cheol,Na, In-Seop,Kim, Soo-Hyung,Lee, Myung-Eun The Korea Contents Association 2011 International Journal of Contents Vol.7 No.4
In this paper, we propose a method to segment the bottle label in images taken by mobile phones using multi-gradient approaches. In order to segment the label region of interest-object, the saliency map method and Hough Transformation method are first applied to the original images to obtain the candidate region. The saliency map is used to detect the most salient area based on three kinds of features (color, orientation and illumination features). The Hough Transformation is a technique to isolated features of a particular shape within an image. Therefore, we utilize it to find the left and right border of the bottle. Next, we segment the label based on the gradient information obtained from the structure tensor method and edge method. The experimental results have shown that the proposed method is able to accurately segment the labels as the first step of product label recognition system.
Shao-Chen Sun,Seung-Eun Lee,Yong-Nan Xu,Nam-Hyung Kim 한국발생생물학회 2010 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.29 No.-
Spc25 is a component of the Ndc80 complex which consists of Ndc80, Nuf2, Spc24, and Spc25. Previous work has shown that Spc25 is involved in regulation of kinetochore microtubule attachment, localization of Ndc80, and the spindle assembly checkpoint in mitosis. The role of Spc25 in meiosis remains unknown. Here, we report its expression, localization and functions in mouse oocyte meiosis. The Spc25 mRNA level gradually increased from the GV to MI stage, but decreased by MII during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Immunofluorescent staining showed that Spc25 was restricted to the germinal vesicle, and associated with chromosomes during all stages after GVBD. Overexpression of Spc25 resulted in oocyte meiotic arrest, chromosome misalignment and spindle disruption. Conversely, Spc25 RNAi resulted in precocious polar body extrusion and caused severe chromosome misalignment and aberrant spindle formation. Spc25 RNAi affected Ndc80 localization, but Ndc80 RNAi did not affect Spc25 localization.Survivin MO caused Ndc80 dispersion but did not affect localization of Spc25. Our data suggest that Spc25 is required for chromosome alignment, spindle formation, and spindle checkpoint activity through the regulation of Ndc80, but that Spc25 function is independent of survivin during meiosis.
RBFox1-mediated RNA splicing regulates cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure
Gao, Chen,Ren, Shuxun,Lee, Jae-Hyung,Qiu, Jinsong,Chapski, Douglas J.,Rau, Christoph D.,Zhou, Yu,Abdellatif, Maha,Nakano, Astushi,Vondriska, Thomas M. American Society for Clinical Investigation 2016 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.126 No.1