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유용성 도료와 수용성 도료의 유해성 비교에 관한 연구 : 자동차 보수용 도료를 중심으로
권은혜,김광식,오정룡,최정근,정윤석,이유진,김은아,송세욱,정호근 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1
The purpose of this study is to substitute water-based painting materials for the current solvent-based ones used in motor-repairing process to minimize the exposure of organic solvents to the painters. This study assessed the exposure of organic solvents to the painters using water-based and solvent-based painting materials and compared compositions, painting processes and the health hazards of the application of these alternative painting materials. The results of this study are as follows. 1. solvent-based painting materials used in motor-repairing process consist of various organic solvents, which consist primarily of toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene, ethyl methyl bezene, trimethyl bezene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-ethoxy ethanol, 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate and toluene-2.4-diisocianate and the others. These organic solvents are know as health-hazardous substances. But water-based painting materials are high-solid, low-solvent ones and consist of such two organic solvents as 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-heptanone and the others. 2. The painters using solvent-based painting materials in motor-repairing process are exposed to various organic acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, trimethyl benzene, 2-ethoxy ethanol, and 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate. But the painters using solvent-based ones are only exposed to 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-heptanone. 3. By using water-based painting materials in stead of solvent-based painting materials containing health-hazardous organic solvents, the exposure of such organic solvents in the painter's breathing zone can be largely prevented. 4. This study recommends water-based painting materials as substitutes for the current solvent-based ones used in motor-repairing process to minimize the exposure of organic solvents to the painters.
보조생식술(ART)치료를 받은 환자들에서 자궁근종이 임신에 미치는 영향
이우식,이정노,박찬,이숙환,박원식,남윤성,최동희,정미경,조용선,이학천,윤내영,곽인평,한세열,윤태기,차광열 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.12
목적 : 본 연구는 장막하근종, 근육층내의 근종, 또는 점막하 근종등의 출현이 보조생식술후 임신율과 착상율에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 보기 위해 시행되었다. 연구방법 : 1998년 1월 1일 부터 1998년 11월 30일 까지 본원에서 보조생식술(ART)을 시행받은 불임환자들 중 양극단의 연령을 제외한 26-45세 사이의 환자들을 대상으로 하였으며, 자궁근종이 진단된 환자들의 278예와 근종이 없는 환자들의 1180예를 비교하였다. 결과 : 이 연령범위내 전체적인 비교에서는 대조군(비근종군)과 근종군에서의 임신율이 각각 41.78%, 31.65%, 그리고 착상율은 각각 15.7%, 11.48%로 통계적으로 유의하게 근종군에서 낮았다. 그러나 평균연령이 대조군(33.1세)에서 보다 근종군(35.5세)에서 유의하게 높음을 알게 되었고, 이에 따라서 연령군들(26-30, 31-35, 36-4, 41-45)에 따른 근종군과 대조군을 각각 비교하였다. 그 결과 동일 연령군에서 근종군(장막하 근종SS, 근육층내 근종IM)과 대조군, 그리고 근종의 그룹들(SS, IM)간의 임신율과 착상율의 비교에서는 서로간에 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 그리고 점막하 근종그룹의 경우는 통계적 비교를 하기에는 그 예와 수가 너무 적어 결과를 알 수 없었다. 결론 : 일반적으로 근종군에서 상대적으로 낮은 임신율을 보고한 여러 논문에서와 달리, 본 연구에서는 동일한 각각의 연령군에서의 근종군과 대조군간의 임신율과 착상율의 차이가 없었다. 또한 근종의 위치에 따른 그룹별 임신율 및 착상율의 비교에서도 유의한 차이가 없음을 보였는데 이것은 근종이 근육층을 어느정도의 기준치 이상으로 침범했을 때에만 IM으로 분류한 국외의 일부 보고와 달리 근육층을 조금이라도 침범하면 IM군으로 분류한 본 연구에서의 차이 때문일 것으로 생각되며, 장막하 근종그룹과 근육층내 근종그룹의 분류 기준을 달리한다면 다른 결과를 보일 수도 있으리라 여겨진다. 또한, 근종이 임신에 미치는 영향이 다양함을 고려할 때, 근종의 크기 및 위치에 따른 SS군과 IM군 등의 체계적 분류 후 이에 따르는 전향적 연구가 진행된다면 임신에 대한 근종의 영향평가에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 본다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine whether the uterine leiomyomas [subserosal(SS), intramural(IM), submucosal(SM)] influence on the pregnancy rate(PR) and implantation rate(IR) of ART program. Methods : This study was done by the review of medical records of 1458 ART cycles from Jan. 1 of 1998 to Nov. 30 of 1998 at Infertility Medical Center, CHA General Hospital. We compared the PR and IR between 278 cycles of myoma group and 1180 cycles of control(non-myoma) group. Results : The mean age of patients with myomas was significantly higher than that of control group. Accordingly, we set the age range(24 - 46yrs) and divided it into four parts(26-30, 31-35, 36-40, 41-45) that did not show the significant difference in PR and IR. As a result, there were no significant differences of PR and IR among control, SS and IM within same age range. (We didn't know the result in SM myoma group because the number of SM myoma cases were very small.) Conclusion : To the contrary of our expectation, there was no significant difference in PR and IR between control and myoma groups. On the other hand, the result of no significant difference in PR and IR between myoma groups may will show different result if we apply different classification in categorizing SS and IM myomas.
Lee, Se Ryeon,Yang, Deok Hwan,Ahn, Jae Sook,Kim, Yeo Kyeoung,Lee, Je Jung,Choi, Young Jin,Shin, Ho Jin,Chung, Joo Seop,Cho, Yoon Young,Chae, Yee Soo,Kim, Jong Gwang,Sohn, Sang Kyun,Kim, Hyeoung Joon The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2009 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.24 No.3
<P>A refractory and resistant disease to conventional induction chemotherapy and relapsed disease are considered as the most important adverse prognostic factors for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Sixty-one patients (median age, 33.6 yr) with relapsed or refractory AML were treated with the FLAG regimen that consisted of fludarabine (30 mg/m<SUP>2</SUP>, days 1-5), cytarabine (2.0 g/m<SUP>2</SUP>, days 1-5) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Of the treated patients 29 patients (47.5%) achieved complete remission (CR). Higher CR rates were observed for patients with a first or second relapse as compared to patients with a primary refractory response or relapse after stem cell transplantation (HSCT). There was a significant difference in the response rates according to the duration of leukemia-free survival (pre-LFS) before chemotherapy (<I>P</I>=0.05). The recovery time of both neutrophils (≥500/µL) and platelets (≥20,000/µL) required a median of 21 and 18 days, respectively. Treatment-related mortality (TRM) occurred in seven patients (11.4%), of which 71.4% of TRM was caused by an invasive aspergillosis infection. After achieving CR, 18 patients underwent consolidation chemotherapy and six patients underwent allogeneic HSCT. In conclusion, FLAG chemotherapy without idarubicin is a relatively effective and well-tolerated regimen for relapsed or refractory AML and the use of FLAG chemotherapy has allowed intensive post-remission therapy including HSCT.</P>