Melatonin Attenuates Noise Stress-induced Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder and Gastric Stress Ulcer: Role of Gastrointestinal Hormones and Oxidative Stress in Rats

( Lei Zhang ),( Ji T Gong ),( Hu Q Zhang ),( Quan H Song ),( Guang H Xu ),( Lei Cai ),( Xiao D Tang ),( Hai F Zhang ),( Fang E Liu ),( Zhan S Jia ),( Hong W Zhang ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims There are increasing evidences for gastrointestinal motility disorder (GIMD) and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The present study was to investigate the reversed effect of melatonin on GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress and potential mechanism. Methods Noise stress was induced on rats, and melatonin (15 mg/kg) was administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection. Differences were assessed in gastric residual rate (GRR), small intestine propulsion rate (SPR), Guth injury score, cortisol, gastrointestinal hormones (calcitonin-gene-related peptide and motilin) and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase and malondialde hyde) in blood plasma as well as gastric mucosa homogenate with or without melatonin. The pathological examination of gastric mucosa was also performed. Results The GRR and SPR were improved by noise stress compared with control (P < 0.05). The pathological examination and Guth injury score revealed gastric stress ulcer. Moreover, the levels of cortisol, motilin and malondialdehyde in blood plasma and malondialdehyde in gastric mucosa homogenate were increased by noise stress (P < 0.05). CGRP and superoxide dismutase activity in both of blood plasma and gastric mucosa homogenate were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). Furthermore, melatonin reversed changes in GRR, SPR, pathological examination, Guth injury score, cortisol, motilin, CGRP, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Conclusions Melatonin is effective in reversing the GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The underlying mechanism may be involved in oxidative stress and gastrointestinal hormones. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:189-199)

단백질 종류 및 첨가수준이 In Vitro 발효특성과 반추위 미생물 성장에 미치는 효과

최뢰광(Cui, Lei Guang),송만강(Song, Man Kang) 충북대학교 동물생명과학연구소 2013 동물생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

본 실험은 서로 다른 단백질 원의 첨가 수준이 반추위액의 발효성상 및 미생물 체단백질 합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 연속배양 장치에서 일련의 in vitro 실험을 수행하였는 바, 가용성 단백질 중 peptone 또는 casein을 각각 0.5%와 1%씩 첨가할 경우 반추위 미생물에 의 한 발효와 미생물 생산량에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. pH는 배양기간 동안 단백질원과 그 수준에 관계없이 낮아지는 경향이었고 대조구에 비하여 단백질원 첨가구에서 높았다(P<0.01). Ammonia-N의 농도는 단백질원을 첨가한 처리구들이 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 높았으며 같은 단백질원 첨가구 중 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 높았다(P<0.0001). 배양액중 total VFA 함량은 단백질원을 첨가한 처리구들의 경우 대조구에 비하여 높았으며, 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 높게 나타났다(P<0.0001). Acetate의 농도는 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향이었으나(P<0.05), propionate의 농도는 일정한 수준을 유지하였다(P>0.05). 따라서 C2/C3의 비율도 감소하였는데 peptone 1% 첨가구(2.68)에서 가장 낮았다(P>0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 단백질 분해로 생성된 암모니아에 비해 반추위 미생물 성장에 필요한 에너지 공급이 충분하지 못함으로서 단백질과 에너지의 동조화를 이루지 못하여 미생물 합성에 부정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다. In vitro continuous culture study was conducted to investigate the effect of protein source(peptone or casein) and it"s addition level(0.5% and 1%) to the culture solution on fermentation characteristics and rumen microbial growth. Ruminal pH was decreased with protein source. the control was lowest in pH among the treatments(P<0.0006). Ammonia concentration was higher in protein added treatments than in control, and its concentration was higher(P<.0001) for 1% added treatment than 0.5% added treatment. Control was lowest in total volatile fatty acid concentration in the culture solution rumen among treatments, and 1% addition was higher than 0.5% addition(P<.0001). Acetate(C2) proportion was decreased in all treatments as incubation time passed, and peptone addition at 1% level was lowest(P<0.05) among treatments. The C2/propionate ratio was decreased in all treatments as incubation time passed. There were no significant differences in ruminal microbial protein synthesis among protein sources and among addition levels. Results from this experiment indicate that protein source and its addition level did not significantly improve ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis.

Surface Decarburization Behavior and Its Adverse Effects of Air-Cooled Forging Steel C70S6 for Fracture Splitting Connecting Rod

Zhang Chao-lei,Xie li-yao,Liu Guang-lei,Chen lie,Liu Ya-zheng,Li Jian 대한금속·재료학회 2016 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.22 No.5

Surface decarburization behavior and its adverse effects of air-cooled forging steel C70S6 for automobile engine fracture splitting connecting rod were investigated comprehensively by mechanical properties, microstructure and fracture morphology analysis. The results show that the surface decarburization in the outer surface of the fracture splitting at the big end bore and the micro-cracks in the decarburized layer are result in the uneven and spalling fracture surfaces of the waster connecting rod product. Besides, partial decarburization is produced between 900 °C and 1250 °C for heating 2 h, and decarburization sensitivity reach maximum at 1150 °C, but no complete decarburization forms for heating 2 h at 650-1250 °C. The decarburized depth follows a parabolic law with the increase of the heating time from 0.5 h to 12 h, and the decarburization sensitivity coefficient is 2.05×10 -5 m·s -1/2 at 1200 °C. For the connecting rod manufacturing, surface decarburization must be under effective control during the hot forging process but not the control cooling process.

Synthesis, Structure and Biological Properties of a Novel Copper (II) Supramolecular Compound Based on 1,2,4-Triazoles Derivatives

Guang-Mei Qiu,Cui-Juan Wang,Ya-Jun Zhang,Shuai Huang,Xiao-Lei Liu,Bing-Jun Zhang,Xian-Li Zhou 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.8

A novel mononuclear supramolecule of copper(II) has been synthesized with Ippyt ligand (Ippyt=3-(4'- imidazole phenyl)-5-(pyrid-2''-yl)-1,2,4-triazole) (1). Compound 1, namely [Cu(Ippyt)2(H2O)2], has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectrum, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Structure determination reveals that the elongated-octahedral geometry is formed in the vicinity of the copper (II) atom being coordinated by four nitrogen atoms from two Ippyt ligands occupying the equatorial position and two oxygen atoms from two coordinated water molecules in the axial position, which together form the N4O2 donor set. Hydrogen bonding interactions between nitrogen and oxygen atoms result in the set up of a supramolecular network architecture. Biological properties including antibacterial activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic activity of compound 1 have been investigated by agar diffusion method and the modified Marklund method, respectively. The results indicate that compound 1 exhibits a stronger antibacterial efficiency than the parent ligand and it also has a certain radical-scavenging activity.

The pregnancy outcomes of day-5 poor-quality and day-6 high-quality blastocysts in single blastocyst transfer cycles

Guang-li Zhang,Tian-yi Sun,Sen Li,Man-xi Jiang,Lei Guo The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2023 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.50 No.1

Objective: This study compared the outcomes of single blastocyst transfer cycles, using day- 5 poor-quality blastocysts and day-6 high-quality blastocysts. Methods: We analyzed 462 frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles performed at our center from January 2014 to December 2019. The cycles were divided into two groups: a day-5 poor-quality blastocyst transfer group (group A) and a day-6 high-quality blastocyst transfer group (group B). The clinical outcomes were tested. Results: In groups A and B, respectively, the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR; 61.65% vs. 67.17%, p=0.258), implantation rate (IR; 61.65% vs. 67.17%, p=0.258), and live birth rate (LBR; 69.51% vs. 77.83%, p=0.134) showed no significant differences. Moreover, when day-3 embryo quality was considered, the CPR, IR, and LBR were also similar in group A and group B (p>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical outcomes of day-5 poor-quality blastocysts and day-6 high-quality blastocysts were similar, suggesting that the developmental speed of the embryo might be more important than embryo quality for the clinical outcomes of single blastocyst transfer in FET cycles.

Selective and Fast-Response Fluorescent Probes for Hypochlorite and their Application

Lei Shi,Qinhai Chen,Haojia Hong,Guang Shao,Shengzhao Gong,Hua Xiang 대한화학회 2019 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.40 No.7

It is extremely important to develop selective and sensitive fluorescent probes for the detection of hypochlorite (HClO/ClO?). Herein, two ESIPT-based fluorescent probes (BS1 and BS2) were designed and prepared for the fast determination of HClO. The probes exhibited excellent specificity towards HClO and showed the rapid and huge fluorescent responses. Moreover, the probes BS1 and BS2 could sensitively detect HClO in the range of 0?100??M with the low detection limits of 87 and 106?nM, especially. Besides, the success of practical application in water samples and test strips suggested that the synthetic probes may be effective tools for the detection of hypochlorite in environmental samples.

Valsartan regulates TGF-b/Smads and TGF-b/p38 pathways through lncRNA CHRF to improve doxorubicin-induced heart failure

Lei Chen,Kui-Po Yan,Xin-Can Liu,Wei Wang,Chao Li,Ming Li,Chun-Guang Qiu 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.1

This study investigated the interaction amongvalsartan (VAL), TGF-b pathways, and long non-codingRNA (lncRNA) cardiac hypertrophy-related factor (CHRF)in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced heart failure (HF), andexplored their roles in DOX-induced HF progression. HFmice models in vivo were constructed by DOX induction. The expression of CHRF and TGF-b1 in hearts wasdetected, along with cardiac function, caspase-3 activity,and cell apoptosis. Primary myocardial cells were pretreatedwith VAL, followed by DOX induction in vitro forfunctional studies, including the detection of cell apoptosiswith terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-endlabeling and the expression of proteins associated withTGF-b1 pathways. HF models were established in vivo andin vitro. Expression of CHRF and TGF-b1 was up-regulated,and cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity wereincreased in the hearts and cells of the HF models. VALsupplementation alleviated the cardiac dysfunction andinjury in the HF process. Moreover, overexpressed CHRFup-regulated TGF-b1, promoted myocardial cell apoptosis,and reversed VAL’s cardiac protective effect, while interferenceof CHRF (si-CHRF) did the opposite. Down-regulationof CHRF reversed the increased expression of TGFb1and the downstream proteins induced by pcDNA-TGFb1in HL-1 cells, while overexpression of CHRF reversedthe VAL’s cardiac protective effect in vivo. In conclusion,VAL regulates TGF-b pathways through lncRNA CHRF toimprove DOX-induced HF.

The Correlation between the Injury Patterns of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament in an Acute First-Time Lateral Patellar Dislocation on MR Imaging and the Incidence of a Second-Time Lateral Patellar Dislocation

Guang-ying Zhang,Hong-xia Zhu,En-miao Li,Hao Shi,Wei Liu,Lei Zheng,Zheng-wu Bai,Hong-yu Ding 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.2

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the injury patterns of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) on magnetic resonance imaging in an acute first-time lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) and incidence of a second-time LPD. Materials and Methods: Magnetic resonance images were prospectively analyzed in 147 patients after an acute first-time LPD with identical nonoperative management. The injury patterns of MPFL in acute first-time LPDs were grouped by location and severity for the analysis of the incidence of second-time LPD in a 5-year follow-up. Independent t tests, chi-square tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed as appropriate. Results: Forty-six cases (46/147, 31.3%) of second-time LPD were present at the 5-year follow-up. Fourteen (14/62, 22.6%) and 31 cases (31/80, 38.8%) were present in the partial and complete MPFL tear subgroups, respectively. Twenty-five cases (25/65, 38.5%), 11 cases (11/26, 42.3%), and 8 cases (8/47, 17%) were present in the isolated femoral-side MPFL tear (FEM), combined MPFL tear (COM), and isolated patellar-side MPFL tear (PAT) subgroups, respectively. Compared with the partial MPFL tears, complete tears showed higher incidence of a second-time LPD (p = 0.04). The time interval between the two LPDs was shorter in the complete MPFL tear subgroup (24.2 months) than in the partial tear subgroup (36.9 months, p = 0.001). Compared with the PAT subgroup, the FEM and COM subgroups showed a higher incidence of a second-time LPD (p = 0.025). The time intervals between the two LPDs were shorter in the FEM and COM subgroups (20.8 months and 19.2 months) than in the PAT subgroup (32.5 months, p = 0.049). Conclusion: A complete MPFL tear, isolated femoral-side tear and combined tear in a first-time LPD predispose a second-time LPD.

Synthesis, Structure and Biological Properties of a Novel Copper (II) Supramolecular Compound Based on 1,2,4-Triazoles Derivatives

Qiu, Guang-Mei,Wang, Cui-Juan,Zhang, Ya-Jun,Huang, Shuai,Liu, Xiao-Lei,Zhang, Bing-Jun,Zhou, Xian-Li Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.8

A novel mononuclear supramolecule of copper(II) has been synthesized with Ippyt ligand (Ippyt=3-(4'-imidazole phenyl)-5-(pyrid-2''-yl)-1,2,4-triazole) (1). Compound 1, namely [$Cu(Ippyt)_2(H_2O)_2$], has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectrum, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Structure determination reveals that the elongated-octahedral geometry is formed in the vicinity of the copper (II) atom being coordinated by four nitrogen atoms from two Ippyt ligands occupying the equatorial position and two oxygen atoms from two coordinated water molecules in the axial position, which together form the $N_4O_2$ donor set. Hydrogen bonding interactions between nitrogen and oxygen atoms result in the set up of a supramolecular network architecture. Biological properties including antibacterial activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic activity of compound 1 have been investigated by agar diffusion method and the modified Marklund method, respectively. The results indicate that compound 1 exhibits a stronger antibacterial efficiency than the parent ligand and it also has a certain radical-scavenging activity.

Nuclear Power Plant Security and Counter-Terrorist Strategy

YANG Guang,HUANG WenJie,LEI Linli 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2009 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Nuclear power plants have long been recognized as potential targets of terrorist attacks Given the potentially catastrophic consequences of deliberate act on nuclear power plant and energy security issue followed, nuclear power plant security is elevated to a world-wide security concern. This paper focuses attention on security and vulnerability intrinsic of nuclear power plant. Firstly, the present paper summarizes the attack mode and types of terrorist, and it analyzes the defence in depth, design basis threat, target set, vulnerability from air attack, used fuel storage and risk of nuclear transports. In the end, the counter terrorist proposals are also presented and some of them are proved valid in practice in western nations, However, with the attack means constantly upgrading, more insufficiency of design being revealed, more sophisticated defensive system should be developed.