从战后日本对华和解立场的摇摆: 在合作与冲突之间

王高阳 ( Wang Gaoyang ) 성균관대학교 성균중국연구소 2024 중국사회과학논총 Vol.6 No.1

对于近代历史上深陷战争泥潭的中日关系来说, 未来双边关系的根本好转唯有赖于实现全面和彻底的和解。然而, 冷战结束以后, 从70年代开启的中日民族和解热潮并没有得以延续, 而是陷入了一种往复式的摇摆状态, 不断在冲突与合作之间循环往复, 且冲突的时间周期在拉长。一方面, 日本继承了中日邦交正常化以后历届政府在历史问题上的立场, 对侵略战争的历史进行了反省和道歉, 为双方和解付出了一定努力;另一方面, 冷战后日本的政治和历史观却有更加保守化的趋势, 政治生态的保守化与民族主义的崛起很大程度上抵消了日本致力于和解的努力。冷战后日本的对华和解政策不断徘徊在合作与冲突之间, 呈现出显著的“摇摆”现象。这其中既有国际政治格局转变的影响, 也受到了塑造战后日本对外政策的美日同盟演变的影响, 更与日本国内政治中的政党更替有着重要关联。这种“摇摆”现象凸显了冷战后日本对华和解立场不断徘徊于合作与冲突的矛盾情绪, 本质上也正是冷战后日本更加迷茫的身份认同的反映, 具体表现在: 亚洲的日本与日本的亚洲、更加紧密的美日同盟与更加平等的美日同盟(追求独立倾向)、地区大国与世界大国、和平国家与军事大国等众多矛盾的身份认同。未来中日之间真正和彻底的和解有赖于日本对华身份认知的重塑。 For Sino-Japanese relations, which have been mired in several wars in history, the fundamental improvement of bilateral relations in the future can only depend on the realization of thorough reconciliation between them. However, after the end of the Cold War, the Sino-Japanese reconciliation that began in the 1970s did not continue, but rather fell into a reciprocal swing, constantly cycling between conflict and cooperation. Japan, on the one hand, has continued to inherit the stance of successive governments on the historical issue, reflected on and apologized for the history of the war of aggression; on the other hand, Japan’s political and historical outlook has a tendency to be more conservative, which have to a large extent offset the efforts for Sino-Japanese reconciliation. After the Cold War, Japan’s reconciliation policy towards China has been hovering between cooperation and conflict, showing a remarkable phenomenon of “cyclical swing”. This has been influenced by shifts in the international political structure, the evolution of the U.S.-Japanese alliance that has shaped Japan’s foreign policy since the Cold War, and the change of political parties in Japan’s domestic politics. The “cyclical swing” phenomenon highlights the ambivalence of Japan’s post-Cold War reconciliation stance toward China, and is in fact a reflection of Japan’s post-Cold War identity, which has become even more confused, as reflected in the following: Japan in Asia versus Japan’s Asia, a closer U.S.-Japanese alliance versus a more egalitarian one (the pursuit of independence), as a regional power or world power, as a peaceful country or military power and many other contradictory identities. The thorough reconciliation between China and Japan in the future depends on the reshaping of Japan’s perception of China’s identity.

Improved biodegradation of polyvinyl alcohol by hybrid nanoflowers of degrading enzymes from Bacillus niacini

Hongjie Bian,Gaoyang Wang,Mengfei Cao,Ziyuan Wang,Jiandong Cui 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.6

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer that is difficult to degrade in nature. In this study, we synthesized PVA-degrading enzymes (PVAase)-Cu3(PO4)2 hybrid nanoflowers by using crude PVAase from Bacillus niacini for PVA degradation. The influences of PVAase concentration, Cu2+ concentration, and incubation time on the nucleation and activity of the PVAase hybrid nanoflower were investigated. The maximal activity recovery of the PVAase hybrid nanoflower was approximately 85% at 0.25 mg/mL of PVAase, 0.36mM Cu2+, and 72 h incubation time. The optimum temperature and pH of PVAase did not change before and after immobilization. Compared with free PVAase, the PVAase hybrid nanoflower showed high thermal stability and storage stability. Additionally, the PVAase hybrid nanoflower displayed excellent reusability after eight cycles and promising PVA degradability, indicating its potential application in PVA degradation.

Effect of drying temperature on the sugars, organic acids, limonoids, phenolics, and antioxidant capacities of lemon slices

Shenghua Ding,Rongrong Wang,Jing Zhang,Gaoyang Li,Juhua Zhang,Shiyi Ou,Yang Shan 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.6

Changes in contents of sugars, organic acids, limonoids, phenolics contents, and antioxidant capacities of lemon slices dried at different temperatures were evaluated. Air drying (AD) promoted losses of sugars, citric acid, ascorbic acid, extractable phenolics (EPs), and nonextractable phenolics (NEPs), while it introduced an increase in limonoids. Phenolics of lemon were mainly presented in their extractable form. Hesperidin and eriocitrin were the main EPs; protocatechuic acid and poncirin were the predominant NEPs. The decrease in extractable phenolic acid, EP, and NEP content in lemon is lower at low drying temperatures, while the increase in non-extractable phenolic acid content is higher at high drying temperatures. The antioxidant capacity of EP was higher than that of NEP. Phenolics contributed to antioxidant capacities of lemon slices, and flavonoids were the main contributors among phenolics. Considering limonoids contents and the high levels of EP, NEP, and antioxidant capacities, AD at 60 C could be an appreciate treatment for dehydrating lemon slices.

Influence of cleaning modes on the microstructure and performance of 5083 alloy substrate

Yunkai Li,Chunming Wang,Gaoyang Mi 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.9

In this study, the paint layer was removed on the surface of 5083 aluminum alloy using laser cleaning and mechanical grinding. The microstructure and performance of experimental samples were carefully investigated using scanning electron microscope, energy disperse spectroscopy and other methodologies. The results showed that compared with mechanical grinding, laser cleaning can improve the surface paint coating of aluminum alloy more effectively. The surface of the matrix formed uniformly distributed volcanic craters and small holes emerged at the spot junction after laser cleaning. The carbon and oxygen content on the substrate surface after laser cleaning was much lower than that after mechanical grinding. In addition, the corrosion resistance and coating adhesion of the substrate were obviously improved using laser cleaning. It was closely associated with refinement of the grains and reduction in surface roughness. We concluded that laser cleaning can be widely used to replace mechanical grinding in manufacturing on the premise of meeting industrial needs.

Study of Data Stream Clustering Based on MSF

Yingmei Li,Min Li,Jingbo Shao,Gaoyang Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.1

Nowadays with the rapid development of wireless sensor networks, and network traffic monitoring, stream data gradually becomes one of the most popular data models. Stream data is different from the traditional static data. Clustering analysis is an important technology for data mining, so that many researchers pay their attention to the clustering of stream data. In this paper, MSFS algorithm is proposed. By means of the experimental verification analysis, based on biologically inspired computational model, higher clustering purity on both the real dataset and the simulation datasets existence is demonstrated for the proposed algorithm. In other words, the cluster result of MSFS algorithm is advantageous over previous method.

CXCL-13 Regulates Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Cancer

Guolin Zhang,Xin Luo,Wei Zhang,Engeng Chen,Jianbin Xu,Fei Wang,Gaoyang Cao,Zhenyu Ju,Dongai Jin,Xuefeng Huang,Wei Zhou,Zhangfa Song 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.2

Purpose 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is used as a conventional chemotherapy drug in chemotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer, but many patients still suffer from treatment failure due to 5-Fu resistance. Emerging observations revealed the important role of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL-13) in tumor microenvironment and its relationship with prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. This study is designed to reveal the important role of CXCL-13 in causing colorectal cancer resistance to 5-Fu. Materials and Methods CXCL-13 levels of patient's serum or cell culture supernatants were measured separately by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In cell assays, cell viability is detected by Cell Counting Kit-8. Therefore, the recombinant human CXCL-13 was used to simulate its high expression in cells while its antibody and siRNA were used to reduce CXCL-13 expression in cells. Results In this study, we demonstrated that CXCL-13 is associated with 5-Fu resistance by culture medium exchange experiments and cytokine arrays of colorectal cancer resistant and nonresistant cells. Clinical studies showed that CXCL-13 is highly expressed in the serum of 5-Fu–resistant patients. High levels of serum CXCL-13 also predict a worse clinical outcome. The addition of recombinant CXCL-13 cytokine resulted in 5-Fu resistance, while its antibody overcame 5-Fu resistance, and knockdown of CXCL-13 expression by siRNA also reduced 5-Fu resistance, which can be saved by added recombination CXCL-13. Conclusion These results not only identify a CXCL-13 mediated 5-Fu resistance mechanism but also provide a novel target for 5-Fu–resistant colorectal cancer in prevention and treatment strategies.

Compensatory Response of Growth-Retarded Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Gao Yang,Wang Zi Wei,Lee Jeong-Yeol 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2012 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.6