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Shenghua Ding,Rongrong Wang,Jing Zhang,Gaoyang Li,Juhua Zhang,Shiyi Ou,Yang Shan 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.6
Changes in contents of sugars, organic acids, limonoids, phenolics contents, and antioxidant capacities of lemon slices dried at different temperatures were evaluated. Air drying (AD) promoted losses of sugars, citric acid, ascorbic acid, extractable phenolics (EPs), and nonextractable phenolics (NEPs), while it introduced an increase in limonoids. Phenolics of lemon were mainly presented in their extractable form. Hesperidin and eriocitrin were the main EPs; protocatechuic acid and poncirin were the predominant NEPs. The decrease in extractable phenolic acid, EP, and NEP content in lemon is lower at low drying temperatures, while the increase in non-extractable phenolic acid content is higher at high drying temperatures. The antioxidant capacity of EP was higher than that of NEP. Phenolics contributed to antioxidant capacities of lemon slices, and flavonoids were the main contributors among phenolics. Considering limonoids contents and the high levels of EP, NEP, and antioxidant capacities, AD at 60 C could be an appreciate treatment for dehydrating lemon slices.
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서진(徐振), 백준(柏葰) 작품과 조선문화의 표상 -명·청 문단과의 영향을 중심으로-
정생화 ( Shenghua Ding ),양레이레이 ( Leilei Yang ) 한국한시학회 2020 韓國漢詩硏究 Vol.28 No.-
18~19세기 청사신의 조선 표상(表象)화는 16~17세기 명말, 청초문단의 영향이 매우 지대했다. 이는 16세기 말 명문단에 전해진 조선한시를 시작으로 17세기 청문단에서의 조선문화에 대한 관심과 전파였다. 당시 청나라 민간에서는 조선 사행단의 의복을 보고도 감격해하며 눈물을 짓는 명나라 유민들이 있었는가 하면 조선여성의 한시를 구해 보고자 하는 한림원 학사도 있었다. 이외 강희제의 황실편찬사업에 힘입어 조선에서 채록하여온 조선한시와 당대 한림원 학사들에 의해 재 발굴된 조선한시는 청문단에서 인기를 얻으며 회자되었다. 이는 17세기 중후반 청 문단에서 일어난 현상으로 당대 민간에서 일어난 신선한 바람이었다. 이러한 현상은 18세기 청사신 서진(徐振)과 19세기 백준(柏葰)이 조선을 표상하는데 있어서 직접적으로 많은 영향을 미쳤다. 서진은 「조선죽지사(朝鮮竹枝詞)」를 통해 조선 한시작가 백광훈과 권필 그리고 ‘정정공주(婷婷公主)’의 한시 작품을 당대 조선문학의 표상으로 그렸으며 백준은 <평양성회고(平壤城懷古)>시와 「조선죽지사」작품을 통해 조선신화로부터 발전되어온 조선의 유구한 역사를 노래하였다. 또한 해상풍파를 뚫고 명나라 사대부들과의 교분을 나눈 조선 선비 김상헌의 풍류는 ‘동국풍류’의 표상으로 그려졌으며 신라의 가배와 회소곡은 한가위 세시 풍속으로서 예술적 요소가 다분한 조선문화의 한 표상을 보여주었다. 이는 꾸준히 진행되어온 명·청문단의 조선에 대한 관심과 수용의 연장선상 표상화된 조선문화라는 점에서 동아시아 문화교류사에서 주목해야 하는 한국문화요소의 가치와 그 의의를 찾을 수 있다. Representations of Joseon by Qing’s envoys of the 18th and 19th centuries were greatly influenced by the literary style of the late 16th and 17th centuries. Starting with the widespread Joseon’s Hanshi(漢詩) in the Ming literary circle at the end of 16th century, it later developed into a big interest in the Joseon culture as well as its dissemination in the 17th century. During the Qing Dynasty, there were people who were adherents of Ming Dynasty bursting into tears when seeing the Joseon diplomatic groups, and Bachelor of Arts from the Hanlimwon who wanted to find poems written by Joseon women. In addition, with the help of the codifying works of the Kangxi imperial household, the Joseon’s Hanshi, which were collected and recorded in Joseon and which were rediscovered by Bachelor of Arts from the Hanlimwon, became a popular topic in the literary circles in the Qing Dynasty. This phenomenon had direct influences on and Beakjun, Qing’s envoys in the 18th and 19th centuries, on the Joseon representations in the their works. In his work Joseon Jukjisa, Xuzhen portrayed Joseon’s Hanshi by Quanbi and Baiguangxun(白光勳) as well as works such as Princess TingTing(婷婷) as Joseon literary representations at that time. Baijun sang the myths and long history of Joseon in Meditation on the past of Pyongyang City(平壤城懷古) and Joseon Jukjisa. Moreover, Jinshangxian(金尙憲), who interacted with the officials of the Ming Dynasty, not only created the representation of “Dongguk Stream(東國風流)”, but also presented Joseon customs as the Joseon culture of that time through Silla Jia Bei(嘉俳) and HuiSuQu(會蘇曲). All these shows the represented Joseon that is extended from the continuous care and acceptance from Ming and Qing literary circles. Therefore, the study on the Joseon representation in Xuzhen and Baijun’s works is significant in terms of the identification of the status of Korean culture as well as the history of cultural exchanges in East Asia.
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Rongrong Wang,Shenghua Ding,Dandan Zhao,Zhengfu Wang,Jihong Wu,Xiaosong Hu 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.1
Changes in antioxidant activities, phenolic contents, cyclic nucleotides, and volatiles of jujube after dehydration using freeze-drying (FD), air drying (AD), sun drying (SD), and microwave drying (MD) were investigated. All dehydration methods caused a decrease in antioxidant activities, aldehyde, acid, and alkane contents. Esters were increased by the dehydration. FD was superior to other dehydration methods for retention of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. MD caused an increase of catechin and epichtechin levels. Although AD, MD, and SD caused declines in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) contents, AD at 50oC was a good choice to obtain jujubes with high levels of cAMP and cGMP. Theoretical fundamentals for selection of suitable drying techniques to minimize the negative effects caused by dehydration and for meeting production requirements are provided.
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