韓國産 박과 植物에 관한 本草學的 硏究

全吉煥,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1998 한국전통의학지 Vol.8 No.1

韓國産 박과 Cucurbitaceae에 속한 植物에 대하여 本草學的으로 文獻을 통하여 調査한 結果 다음과 같이 要約되었다. 1. 植物 總 53種 中 오이속·Cucumis 植物이 10種, 박속·lagenaria 植物 總 6種, 호박속·Cucurbita과 하늘타리속·Trichosanthes 植物이 各各 5種, Melothria 植物이 4種, Hernsleya과 유자속·Momordica 植物이 各各 3種, 뚜껑덩굴속·Aetinostemma, 수박속·Citrullus 과 수세미오이속·Luffa 植物이 各各 2種, 그 外 동아속·Benincasa, Bolbostemma, Corona, Diplocydos, 돌외속·Gymnostemma, Gymnopetalum, Hodgsonia. 산외속·Schizopepon, Sechiam, Thladiantha 植物이 各各 1種의 順으로 調査되어 Cucumis 植物이 가장 많이 나타났음을 알 수 있었다. 2. 植物은 總 19屬 53種으로 調査되었으며 그 가운데 藥用植物은 괄樓, 冬瓜, 南瓜, 甛瓜, 絲瓜 等의 15屬 34種으로서 約 64%를 차지하고 있었다. 3. 植物 中 藥用植物을 藥用 部位別로 分類해보면 種子類 23種, 果實類 19種, 根類 16種, 葉類 11種, 果皮類 10種, 莖·藤類 9種, 체類 4種, 全草類와 果ㅁ類가 各各 3種 그 外 塊莖, 霜, ㅁ, 幼芽, 液汁 및 絡類가 各各 1種의 順으로 調査되어 種子類 藥物이 가장 많이 活用되었다. 4. 藥性에 있어서 寒凉性 藥物이 22種, 平性 藥物이 12種, 溫熱性 藥物이 3種 等으로 나타나 寒凉性 藥物이 가장 많이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 5. 效能에 있어서는 淸熱解毒 藥物이 21種, 利水消腫 藥物이 20種, 潤肺化痰 藥物이 12種, 止痛 藥物과 生津止渴 藥物이 各各 7種 等으로 調査되어 淸熱解毒과 利水消腫 藥物이 가장 많이 나타났다. 6. 有毒 藥物로는 苦瓜, 王瓜, 黃瓜, 苦壺蘆子, 木ㅁ子, 合子草, 羅鍋저, 甛瓜체等으로 나타나 있으나 木ㅁ子를 除外하고는 毒性이 極烈하지 않았다. 以上의 내용으로 보아 韓國産 박과 植物中 藥用植物이 64%를 차지하였고 이 가운데 種子와 果實類 藥用植物이 가장 많았으며 아울러 毒性 藥物이 적어 臨床에 容易하게 使用될수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 同科의 藥用植物에 대하여 實驗的인 硏究가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Cucurbitaceae which grow wild and is plante d in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1) There were totaled 19 genera and 53 species in Korea and among them medecinal plants are 15 genera, 34 species, some 64% in total but the number of species may be added because of similar plants. 2)According to the oriental name which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants beloning to the Cucurbitaceae wer e classified as Semen 23, Fructus 19, Radix 16, Folium 11, Exocarpium 10, Caulis 9, Herba 3, ect, Thus it was noticed that Semen was the main kind. 3)According to sum of 53 species in Cucurbitaceae they were dassified into Cucumis genera 10, Lageneria genera 6, Cucurbita and Trichosanthes genera 5)Melothira genera 4,Hemsleya and Monordica genera 3, Actinostemma, Citrullus and Luffa genera 2, Benincase, Bolbostemma, Cocc ina, Diploccylos, Gymnostemma, Gymnopetalum, Hodgsonia, Schizopepon, Sechiam and Talandina genera 1 etc. Thus it was noticed that Cucumis genera was the main kind. 4)According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were dassified into cold and cool; 22, balance 12, wormth and heat; 3. Thus it was noticed that cold and cool is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 5)According to the Properties and Principal Curative action, they were classified into, clearing up heat and toxin 21, drugs for inducing diuresis to allevitae edema 20, drugs for nourishing the lung and resolving phlegm 12, drugs for analegesic and promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst 7. 6)Comparing to whole medical plants 53 kinds, toxic durgs include minor toxin were 8 kinds. Thus toxic durgs were rare. From this result, It was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Cucurbitaceae was 64% kinds of the whole, in which semen was mostly abundunt,toxic plants were so rare that it will be used for clinical treatments more easily. It is considered that many dinical experiments and approaches must be continued to use widely.

사북-고한지역이 탄광폐석에 대한 암석학적 특성 연구

백환조,임길재,서백수,민경원,정연태 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

사북 및 고한 지역에 분포하는 동원탄좌와 삼척탄좌에 적치되어 있는 석탄폐석은 대부분 사암과 흑색 셰일로서, 사북광업소의 경우 약 730만 m³, 정암광업소에는 약 830만 m³의 폐석이 적치되어 있다. 동원탄좌 사북광업소의 석탄폐석중 사암은 대부분 평균 입자의 크기가 0.15∼0.9㎜에 해당하는 등립질 조직을 보이는 이질석영사암으로서, 입자의 모양과 원마도에 따른 분류로는 low sphericity의 subrounded grain에 해당된다. 또한 흑색 셰일은 평균 광물 입자의 크기가 0.05㎜ 이하이고 비교적 물결 모양의 충리를 나타내고 있다. 삼척탄좌 정암광업소의 사암은 대부분 평균 입자의 크기가 0.15∼0.3mm의 범위에 해당하는 등립질의 이질석영사암으로서 대체로 low sphericity의 subrounded grain에 해당되며, 흑색 셰일은 평균 장경이 약 0.03∼0.06㎜에 달하고, 충리가 비교적 잘 발달되어 있다. 주성분 원소들의 화학분석 결과에 따르면 동원탄좌 사북광업소의 사암은 삼척탄좌 정암광업소의 사암에 비해 상대적으로 SiO₂의 평균함량이 약간 더 높은 값을 보이고 있는데, 특히 동원탄좌 사북광업소의 일부 사암(D-4 및 D-5)은 치밀한 조직의 석영으로 구성되어 있고, 소량의 점토광물만이 기질을 이루고 있어 건설재료로서 그 활용가치가 높다고 판단된다. 또한 삼척탄좌의 사암(S-3 및 S-4)은 동원탄좌의 사암보다 상대적으로 낮은 SiO₂ 함량과 높은 Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃*, K₂O 및 L.O.I. 함량을 보이는데, 이는 기질을 이루는 점토광물의 양이 상대적으로 많음을 반영한다. 삼척탄전의 석탄폐석에 대한 암석학적 및 지구화학적인 특징에 의하면 사암의 경우는 대체로 건설재료로서 활용이 가능하나, 흑색 셰일의 경우는 비교적 탄질물이 많이 함유되어 있어 직접적인 건설재료로의 이용은 비효율적일 것으로 생각된다. The coal mine waste rocks piled in he Sabuk and Gohan district consist mainly of sandstones and black shales, and the estimated volumes of the waste rocks are about 7,300,000m³ and about 8,300,000m³ at the Sabuk mine, Dongwon Coal Co. and the Jeongam mine, Samchok Coal Co., respectively. Sandstones in the waste pile yard of the Sabuk mine are mainly equigranular argillaceous arenites composed of low spherical and subrounded grains of 0.15∼0.9㎜ in size. Black shales show generally wavy lamination and their average grain sizes are less than 0.05㎜. Sandstones in the waste pile yard of the Jeongam mine are also mainly equigranular argillaceous arenite of low spherical, subrounded and 0.15∼0.3㎜ sized grains, and black shales exhibit well developed laminar structure with grains of 0.03∼0.06㎜ in size. Sandstones at the Sabuk mine have higher SiO₂ contents than those at the Jeongam mine, and especially some sandstones (D-4 and D-5) have extremely high SiO₂ contents, reflecting their compact textured quartz grains with small amounts of argillaceous matrix. Compared with those at the Sabuk mine, Sandstones at the Jeongam mine display lower SiO₂ contents but higher abundances of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, K₂O, and L.O.I., reflecting relatively lower amounts of clay minerals. According to their petrological and geochemical properties, sandstones rather than black shales in the Sabuk and Gohan district could be potentially utilized as raw materials for construction and especially for polymer-concrete, which is now under design for mass production in this area.

Decreased Astaxanthin Prduction by Fe+++ in Phaffia rhodozyma

안길환 선문대학교 자연과학대학 1998 자연과학대학 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

Fe^(+++)가 1 mg/L 이상의 농도로 존재할 때 총 carotenoid의 양뿐만 아니라 astaxanthin의 생산비율도 Phaffia rhodozyma에서 심각히 줄었다. Fe^(+++)의 농도가 O.1 ㎎/ℓ 이하에서는 P.rhodozyma의 성장이 저해 받으므로 0.1-1 ㎎/ℓ의 Fe^(+++)를 함유하는 배지가P.rhodozyma의 carotenoid hyperproducer를 이용한 carotenoid 생산에 유리하다. Not only total carotenoid but also the ratio of astaxanthin to the total in Phaffia rhodozyma were significantly decreased at >l ㎎/ℓ ofFe^(+++). Since growth of P. rhodozyma was poor at <0.1 ㎎/ℓ of Fe^(+++), media containing 0.1-1 mg/L of Fe^(+++) are recommended especially for carotenoid hyperproducers of P. rhodozyma.

제주공항 항공등화 제어시스템의 고효율 운전대책

이길수,김일환 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.2

This paper presents the new control method of aeronautical ground lighting control system at Jeju airport. In the computer simulation. it is shown how to make a design for high efficiency aeronautical ground lighting control system using PWM inverter and active power filter with PI control. To verify the theoretical analysis, the conventional aero lighting control system using SCR and the proposed control system are built. Results of computer simulation are presented to support discussion.

Increased Carotenoid Production in Petite Mutants of Phaffia rhodozyma

안길환,박병순 선문대학교 자연과학대학 1998 자연과학대학 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

마이토콘드리아의 돌연변이는 Phaffia rhodozyma에서 carotenoid의 생산을 증대시켰다. 마이토콘드리아의 호흡 돌연변이는 acriflavine과 ethidium bromide를 이용하여 유도되었다. 총 9개의 시험된 호흡 돌연변이주 중 7개가 모 균주에 비하여 증대된 carotenoid를 생산하였다. 호홉 돌연변이주에서 활성산소의 생산이 증대되고 이것이 carotenoid의 생산을 증대시킨 것으로 사료된다. Mitochondrial mutation increased carotenoid production in Phaffia rhodozyma. Mitochondrial petite mutants were selected after treatment with acriflavine and ethidium bromide. Seven out of nine petite mutants, tested, produced increased carotenoid compared to their parent strain. Increased reactive oxygen species might be produced in the petite mutants, and this caused carotenoid production.

금속사출성형에 의한 중합금 소결체 부품 제조에 관한 연구

여환균,김병진,김길수,김성훈,송준호,한관희 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2003 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.31 No.2

In this study we demonstrate that a small complex part of a tungsten-based heavy alloy (W-Ni-Cu) can be readily manufactured by utilizing the metal injection molding (MIM) technology. We use a simple thermoplastic binder system, containing low density polyethylene, paraffin wax, and stearic acid. To remove the organic binder from the molded part, we employ the solvent extraction and thermal debinding processes. Densification of debound parts is achieved by sintering in hydrogen atmosphere. The experimental results of the optimization of process variables to manufacture the heavy alloy part are described, with a brief discussion.

성인의 천미추부 종괴

조길환,이백권,장도명,김영진,안상태 大韓成形外科學會 1999 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.26 No.3

We developed an animal model to recreate the condition of an open fracture in communication with the maxillary sinus. We then studied wound healing of the sinus wall structures following fracture in the presence of autogenous bone and alloplastic implant. This model is designed to simulate the repair of an orbital floor fracture in humans. The New Zealand White rabbit was used as the animal model. Standardized 8mm defects were made bilaterally in the maxillary sinuses to include bone and mucosa in 36 rabbits. Two different implants and autogenous calvarial bone graft were placed in the soft-tissue pockets to obturate the defects, exposing one surface of the implant to the open sinus. Medpor porous polyethylene, silicone and calvarial bone implant were compared. Animals were killed at 1, 2 and 8 weeks after implantation. Gross examination of the specimens for the amount of mucosal closure and implant tissue fixation was performed. Histological sections were evaluated for bone and soft-tissue morphology juxtaposed to the implant. Complete closure of the mucosal defect was demonstrated with each type of implant. Medpor implants showed both vascular and soft-tissue ingrowth into pores by week 1. Bone ingrowth was seen by week 2. Closure of the Medpor obturated defects occurred more rapidly than in the silicone group. The Medpor implants and calvarial bone demonstrated bone and soft-tissue fixation, callus formation and maturation, while mature overlying mucosa was reconstituted over the defects. Silicone implants demonstrated a fibrous tissue reaction within 1 week of implantation and they never became fixed to bone or soft tissue. Maxillary sinus wall regeneration occurred in all defects. This study supports clinical observations of maxillary sinus wall regeneration in humans. Although sacrococcygeal mass is rare and usually found in infants or children, adolescent or adult patients with protruding mass in sacrococcygeal region occasionally come to us simply for a cosmetic problem. In this situation, even though there is no definite neurological deficit, it should be evaluated whether or not the underlying bony pathology or dural defect exists. Few cases about the sacrococcygeal mass have been reported in adults. We reviewed our cases including preoperative evaluation methods and postoperative diagnosis. From March, 1993 to February, 1997, we experienced 6 adult patients with sacrococcygeal mass and no neurological abnormality. Preoperative evaluation were made by plain X-ray, myelogram, computed tomography(CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as needed. Postoperative diagnoses were 2 meningoceles, 2 lipomyelomeningoceles, 1 desmoid tumor, and 1 teratoma. From our experiences, CT or MRI is essential to evaluate the sacrococcygeal mass preoperatively. These methods can visualize the precise anatomic location and extent of the mass, its relation to the spinal cord, and associated bony abnormalities. MRI is superior to CT, especially in defining the nature of the mass and involvement of the spinal cord. Conclusively, even a simple mass in the sacrococcygeal region in adults needs MRI or CT evaluation, and MRI is the most valuable method of evaluating the mass preoperatively and provides important information to establish a treatment plan.

Isolates of the Yeast Phaffia rhodozyma on 2-methylimidazole Produced Increased Carotenoid

안길환 선문대학교 자연과학대학 1999 자연과학대학 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Cytochrome P-450저해제인 2-methyl-imidazole (Ml) Phaffia rhodozyma 효모의carotenogenesis에 영향을 미쳤고, MI는 carotenoid 고생산주의 선별제로 쓰일 수 있었다. MI는 carotenioid 생산을 astaxanthin으로부터3,3'-dihydroxy-3',4'-didehydro-β,Φ -carotene-4-one으로 바꾸었다. 이렇한 결과는 cytochrome P-450가 caroteniod 생합성에 관여한다는 사실에 힘을 실어준다. P.rhodozyma carptempod 고생산주는 MI에 대하여 그들의 모균주부터 더 저항성이 강했다. MI를 함유하고 있는 agar배지에서 분리된 균주들은 대조구와 비교하여 더 많은 caroteniod를 생산하였다. The inhibitor of cytochrome P-450, 2-methyl-imidazole (MI), affected carotenogenesis of the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, and it could be used as a selective agent for carotenoid hyperproducing mutants. MI redirected carotenoid production from astaxanthin to 3,3'-dihydroxy-3',4'-didehydro-β,Φ-carotene-4-one. This result suggested that cytochrome P-450 might be involved in carotenoid biosynthesis. Carotenoid Hyperproducing mutants of P. rhodozyma were more resistant to MI than their parent strains. The mutants isolated on a Mi-containing plates produced increased carotenoid compared to the control.

붉은 Yeast Phaffia rhodozyma로 부터 Astaxanthin의 생산

안길환 이화여자대학교 가정과학대학 식품영양학과 아시아 식품영양연구소 1995 食品營養情報 Vol.- No.6

Astaxanthin(3, 3'-dihydroxy-β, β-carotene-4, 4'-dione)은 연어류의 주요 carotenoid 色素이다. 漁場에서 生産한 연어의 生産은 過去수 십년 동안 빠르게 增加되었고, 1998년에는 연간 70∼80만 톤의 연어가 養殖될 것으로 예상된다. 현재의 astaxanthin의 세계 시장규모는 년간 1200억원이다. Phaffia rhodozyma는 色素의 生物學的 소스로서 바람직한 特性들을 가지고 있지만 自然菌株의 astaxanthin 含量은 200∼300㎍/g yeast에 불과하다. 菌株改良에서 얻은 HT - 계열 菌株는 약 5.5mg carotenoid/g yeast를 生産하지만 보다 높은 色素生産을 위해서는 繼續的인 改良을 必要로 한다. 일본의 기린은 현재 astaxanthin까지의 유전자 cloning을 끝내고 양산체제에 돌입하려 하고 있다. 몇 가지 문제점(많은 유전자를 cloning을끝내고 양상체제에 돌입하려 하고 있다. 몇 가지 문제점(많은 유전자를 cloning하여 수율 증진이 힘든 것, 사용 허가가 오래 걸리는 것 등)들을 해결하면 가장 강력한 competitor가 될 것이다. Flow cytometry의 cell sorting 方式을 사용함으로써 carotenoid 大量生産菌株를 10,000배 까지 濃縮할 수 있었다. 이는 유전적 조작 후에 균주 screening에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이다내. 細胞 內 carotenoid 螢光을 測定한 結果, 일부 細胞는 15mg/g yeast의 色素를 含有하고 있었고 이를 이론적 최대 수율으로 결론 내렸다. P.rhodozyma의 carotenoid 分布를 laser confocal fluorescene microscophy를 가지고 硏究하였는데, carotenoid 脂肪體에 存在하고 endoplastic reticulum이나 mitochondria에는 存在하지 않는 것으로 밝혀졌다. Proline, asparate, asparagine, gultamine, gultamate는 yeast의 成長을 增加시켰지만, 色素의 生産은 減少시켰다. 20개의 아미노산의 同時 過剩供給은 停止期 동안의 carotenoid의 蓄積을 방해하였다. 연구개발 필요부분은 다음과 같다: 1) carotenoid 生合成 經路 確立: 2) bottle-neck 部分 糾明 및 key enzymes의 增幅: 3) regulated 部分 糾明 및 이의 deregulation: 4) 遺傳子 操作 方法 및 vector 確立: 5) fermentation 및 harvesting condition 確立: 그리고 6) 他微生物로 色素 遺傳子 移轉.

원형관로내 층류 맥동유동의 속도와 압력 분포에 관한 연구

박길문,유영태,위광환,이충주,정지철 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1996 生産技術硏究 Vol.18 No.2

In this study basic equations for the pulsatile laminar flow in a circular rigid pipe containing a slightly compressible fluid are derived and analytical solutions for the distributions of wave propagation factor K, cross-sectional mean velocity u_(m) and pressure P are schematically developed and confirmed experimentally. The pulsatile flow with 0 ≤ f ≤ 48Hz and 0 ≤ Re ≤ 2500 generated by summing the oscillatory flow made by ball valve into steady one. The wave form of pulsatile flow is described as a longitudinal wave and particle velocities measured experimentally are group velocities of the wave packet which are always smaller than phase velocities which are approximate to the sonic velocity C when the radial dispersion and wall friction are negligible. Therefore wave number is approximated to k = ω/c for high angular velocity region. The axial pressures and centerline velocities were measured by strain-gage type pressure transducers and Pito-static tubes, respectively. The cross-sectional mean velocities calculated from centerline velocities with the parabolic distributions of the laminar flow and confirmed by using the ultrasonic flowmeter. We knew that axial distributions of oscillatory velocity and pressure coincide with thoeretical and depend on the Reynolds number and angular velocity.