Executive summary of the Korean Society of Nephrology 2021 clinical practice guideline for optimal hemodialysis treatment

( Ji Yong Jung ),( Kyung Don Yoo ),( Eunjeong Kang ),( Hee Gyung Kang ),( Su Hyun Kim ),( Hyoungnae Kim ),( Hyo Jin Kim ),( Tae-jin Park ),( Sang Heon Suh ),( Jong Cheol Jeong ),( Ji-young Choi ),( Yo 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.4

The Korean Society of Nephrology (KSN) has published a clinical practice guideline (CPG) document for maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The document, 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline on Optimal HD Treatment, is based on an extensive evidence-oriented review of the benefits of preparation, initiation, and maintenance therapy for HD, with the participation of representative experts from the KSN under the methodologists’ support for guideline development. It was intended to help clinicians participating in HD treatment make safer and more effective clinical decisions by providing user-friendly guidelines. We hope that this CPG will be meaningful as a recommendation in practice, but not on a regulatory rule basis, as different approaches and treatments may be used by health care providers depending on the individual patient’s condition. This CPG consists of eight sections and 15 key questions. Each begins with statements that are graded by the strength of recommendations and quality of the evidence. Each statement is followed by a summary of the evidence supporting the recommendations. There are also a link to full-text documents and lists of the most important reports so that the readers can read further (most of this is available online).

Executive Summary of the Korean Society of Nephrology 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for Optimal Hemodialysis Treatment

( Ji Yong Jung ),( Kyung Don Yoo ),( Eunjeong Kang ),( Hee Gyung Kang ),( Su Hyun Kim ),( Hyoungnae Kim ),( Hyo Jin Kim ),( Tae-jin Park ),( Sang Heon Suh ),( Jong Cheol Jeong ),( Ji-young Choi ),( Yo 대한신장학회 2021 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.40 No.4

The Korean Society of Nephrology (KSN) has published a clinical practice guideline (CPG) document for maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The document, 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline on Optimal HD Treatment, is based on an extensive evidence-oriented review of the benefits of preparation, initiation, and maintenance therapy for HD, with the participation of representative experts from the KSN under the methodologists’ support for guideline development. It was intended to help clinicians participating in HD treatment make safer and more effective clinical decisions by providing user-friendly guidelines. We hope that this CPG will be meaningful as a recommendation in practice, but not on a regulatory rule basis, as different approaches and treatments may be used by health care providers depending on the individual patient’s condition. This CPG consists of eight sections and 15 key questions. Each begins with statements that are graded by the strength of recommendations and quality of the evidence. Each statement is followed by a summary of the evidence supporting the recommendations. There is also a link to full-text documents and lists of the most important reports so that the readers can read further (most of this is available online).

안과영역에서 생존분석 방법론 적용

Eunjeong Ji,Sang Jun Park,Soyeon Ahn,Minjung Lee 한국망막학회 2018 Journal of Retina Vol.3 No.1

This paper describes survival analysis methods and shows how the methods can be applied to analyses of ophthalmologic data using the open source statistical program R. The R codes are presented in the Appendix. We discuss some papers published in the ophthalmology area that used survival analysis methods. We hope that researchers interested in applying survival analysis to studies of ophthalmology develop easier to understand survival analysis methods and be able to apply the appropriate methods for their research purposes. 본 논문은 생존분석기법을 설명하고 안과학 분야 자료에서 생존분석기법이 어떻게 적용되는지 보여준다. 본 논문에서 예시로 사용한안과학 자료는 오픈소스 통계프로그램 R로 분석하였고, R 코드를 부록에 수록하였다. 그리고 생존분석을 적용한 안과학 분야 논문을통해 안과학 분야에서 생존분석이 어떻게 사용되고 있는지 설명하였다. 본 논문을 통해 생존분석기법을 적용하려는 안과학 연구자가연구 목적에 맞는 분석법을 적절히 선택하고 사용하는 데 도움이 되길 바란다.

인력고령화와 노동생산성: 교육훈련의 상호작용효과를 중심으로

지은정 ( Eunjeong Ji ) 한국사회보장학회 2016 사회보장연구 Vol.32 No.2

고령근로자는 생산성이 낮아서 기업의 부가가치창출에 기여하지 못한다는 인식이 크다. 그러나 이를 지지할만한 연구는 많지 않다. 특히, 생산성은 연령 외 인적자본의 축적(교육, 경험, 훈련 등)에도 영향을 받는데 이와 같은 요인을 고려한 논문은 거의 없다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 문제의식 아래 한국노동연구원의 5차 사업체패널자료(2013년)를 활용하여 교육훈련이 인력고령화와 생산성의 관계를 완충하는지 분석하였다. 연구결과, 사업체 내 고령자 비율과 상관없이 노동생산성이 인건비보다 높아서 고령근로자가 기업경영에 부담이 되는 것으로 보기 어려웠다. 또한 인력고령화가 노동생산성에 부적인 영향을 미치지만, 교육훈련을 통해 생산성을 보완하는 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로는 교육훈련을 확대·내실화하여 기업의 생산성도 높이고 고령자의 고용도 유지하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. Older workers are generally regarded as less productive than younger workers. This negative notion about old people limits their job opportunities. However, there is little evidence to support this hypothesis. Productivity depends on a person’s abilities (physical and cognitive abilities) as well as on human capital (education, experience, and training). However, little attention has focused on this point. Previous studies have mostly focused on the direct relation between aging and productivity. Therefore, this study examines whether there is an interaction effect of education and training on the relationship between aging workforce and productivity using the fifth Workplace Panel Survey of the Korea Labor Institute. The major findings are as follows. First, we found no evidence that older workers’ wages exceed their contribution to labor productivity’ wages exceed their contribution to labor productivity. Second, while an aging workforce is negatively related to low productivity, education and training offsets this negative association between them. Therefore, it is desirable to expand and reinforce education and training to improve a firm’s productivity and to increase older workers’ employment rate.

노인우울과 경제적ㆍ사회적 활동의 상호작용

지은정(Ji, Eunjeong),최보라(Choi, Bora),최지현(Choi, Jihyun) 한국사회복지행정학회 2016 한국사회복지행정학 Vol.18 No.4

중고령자의 퇴직전환 및 노후소득보장과 점진적 퇴직지원

지은정(Ji EunJeong) 한국사회복지학회 2006 한국사회복지학 Vol.58 No.3

우리나라는 매우 빠른 속도로 고령사회가 될 것이 예측되며, 조기퇴직과 근로계층감소에 대한 대책 및 연금개혁 또한 필요한 시점이다. 이에 본 연구는 OECD 국가의 연금개혁동향의 개괄적 특징 및 긍정적·부정적 (기대)효과를 살펴본 후, 한국노동패널 3~7차 자료를 통해 우리나라 중고령자의 완전퇴직/점진적 퇴직현황과 그 결정요인을 분석하였다. 그리고 이러한 결과를 토대로 정책적 함의를 제시하였다. 연구결과 우리나라 50세 이상 중고령자의 약 1/4명은 퇴직 후에도 다양한 경로를 통해 근로를 지속하였고, 퇴직을 포함한 여러 종사상 지위의 재취업단계를 거친 완전퇴직자의 98%는 여전히 구직활동을 하고 있었다. 이는 우리나라 역시 노동시장 참여여부의 전통적 퇴직개념이 부적절하며, 임시·일용직 또는 자영업이 중고령자에게 근로활동을 지속할 수 있는 대안으로 활용되고 있음을 보여주는 것이다. 그러나 점진적 퇴직자의 바뀐 종사상 지위의 지속기간이 대부분 1~2년으로 짧다. 따라서 다양한 퇴직형태에 대한 고려 및 소득공백기간을 최소화하고 근로의지와 능력이 있는 중고령자의 근로증진에 도움이 될 수 있는 점진적 퇴직지원이 필요하다. 특히 점진적 퇴직지원의 주된 방안인 부분연금 제도는 대상연령을 연금수급연령이하로 하고, 급여수준은 연금과의 연계선상에서 수리적으로 공정하게 설정하되, 실질적 혜택을 제공해야 한다. 그러나 부분연금제도만 단순히 도입하는 것으로서는 부족하며, 이에 대한 사회경제전반의 통합적 접근이 필요하다. 특히 노동시장정책과의 연계를 통해 중고령자의 양적?질적 고용확대를 보장해야 하며, 더불어 점진적 퇴직지원이 비자발적 조기퇴직경로 혹은 고령자의 파트타임근로를 강요하는데 오용되지 않도록 해야 한다. This study reviewed pension reform's overall characteristic and (anticipated) positive·negative effect in OECD countries's and then analysed middle-old age's retirement transition and determinants of full/gradual retirement through the 3~7th Korea Labor and Income Panel considering that Korea has been aging society quickly and it is necessary to suggest not only solution of early retirement and working age reduction but also pension reform. As a result of this study, about 1/4 of 50 years and older have been continuing to work through various pathways after retirement and 98% among fully retired older who passed by re-employment step of occupational status including retirement are still searching for jobs. This showed that it is also inappropriate to typical retirement concept itself on the lines of labour market participation in Korea and part-time/temporary work or self-employment have been used by means of alternatives of maintaining works for middle-old ages. However, the duration of changed occupational status of gradual retirees is mostly only 1~2 years. Therefore it is necessary to support the gradual retirement to minimize a term of income insecurity and promote the work of the old ages who have will and capacity of work. Most of all, partial pension system which is main program of gradual retirement, should make the rules that beneficiaries are those who age less than pensionable age and benefit levels should be actuarial fairness together with pension system and provide substantial help. But, the introduction of partial pension system is not the only way to solve and needs overall social·economic approach. Especially guarantee the increase of quantitative·qualitative employment for middle-old ages linking labor market policy and supporting gradual retirement not ought to be abused to force the part time works and early retirement route against their own will.

Balancing of NARO Reaction Wheel SRF-361

Ji-Chul Kim,Eunjeong Jang,Dong-Ik Cheon,Hwa-Suk Oh 항공우주시스템공학회 2014 International Journal of Aerospace System Engineer Vol.1 No.2

천식과 알레르기비염을 가진 초등학생의 행동 특성과 부모의 양육 스트레스

최은정 ( Eunjeong Choi ),이미지 ( Mi Ji Lee ),윤현진 ( Hyun-jin Yun ),김자형 ( Ja Hyeong Kim ),이주석 ( Ju Suk Lee ),박재홍 ( Jae Hong Park ),정진아 ( Jin-a Jung ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2016 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.4 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in behavioral characteristics and parental stress between allergic and nonallergic elementary school children. Methods: Ninety-one elementary school children who had allergic disease were enrolled (asthma, n=27; allergic rhinitis, n=35; combined, n=29). Also one hundred six nonallergic elementary school children were enrolled for the control group. The Korean Child Behavior Check List (K-CBCL) and Korean Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (K-PSI-SF) were completed by their mothers. Results: According to the analysis of K-CBCL, the score for Internalizing, anxious/depressed and somatic complaints were significantly higher in the combined group than in the control group. The score for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-affective problems in the combined group and DSM-somatic problems were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group. According to the analysis of K-PSI-SF, the score for parental distress was significantly higher in the allergic rhinitis group than in the control group. The scores for behavioral problems and parental stress were significantly correlated to allergic disease groups. Conclusion: Behavioral problems and parental stress were significantly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis. The results of this study suggest the importance of psychosocial support for mothers and children with allergic diseases. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2016;4:205-211)

산화아연 나노물질의 미소생태계 내 거동 및 생물축적

김은정(Eunjeong Kim),이재우(Jae-woo Lee),조은혜(Eunhye Jo),성화경(Hwa Kyung Sung),유선경(Sun Kyoung Yoo),김경태(Kyung-tae Kim),신유진(Yu-jin Shin),김지은(Ji-eun Kim),박선영(Sun-Young Park),엄익춘(Ig-chun Eom),김필제(Pilje Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3

Objectives: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used in various commercial products, but they are exposed to the environment and can induce toxicity. In this study, we investigated the environmental fate and bioaccumulation of ZnO NPs in a microcosm. Methods: The microcosm was composed of water, soil (Lufa Soil 2.2) and organisms (Oryzias latipes, Neocaridina denticulata, Semisulcospira libertina). Point five and 5 mg/L of ZnO NPs were exposed in the microcosm for 14 days. Total Zn concentrations were measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) and intracellular NPs were observed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results: In the initial stages of exposure, the Zn concentrations in water increased in all exposure groups and then decreased, while the Zn concentration in soil increased after three hours for the 5 mg/L solution. Zn concentrations also showed increasing trends in N. denticulata and S. libertina at 0.5 and 5 mg/L, and in O. latipes at 5 mg/L. Accumulation of NPs was found in the livers of O. latipes and hepatopancreas of N. denticulata and S. libertina. Conclusions: In the early stages of exposure, ZnO NPs remained in the water, and then were transported to the soil and test species. Unlike other species, total Zn concentrations in N. denticulata and S. libertina increased for both 0.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L. Therefore, ZnO NPs were more easily accumulated in zoobenthos than in fish.

Life-Sustaining Procedures, Palliative Care, and Cost Trends in Dying COPD Patients in U.S. Hospitals: 2005~2014

김선정,Ji Won Yoo,Jay Shen,Eunjeong Ko,Pearl Kim,Yong-Jae Lee,Jae Hoon Lee,Xibei Liu,Johnson Ukken,Mutsumi Kioka 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2018 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: Little is known regarding the extent to which dying patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receive life-sustaining procedures and palliative care in U.S. hospitals. We examine hospital cost trends and the impact of palliative care utilization on the use of life-sustaining procedures in this population. Methods: Retrospective nationwide cohort analysis was performed using National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data from 2005 and 2014. We examined the receipt of both palliative care and intensive medical procedures, defined as systemic procedures, pulmonary procedures, or surgeries using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9-CM). Results: We used compound annual growth rates (CAGR) to determine temporal trends and multilevel multivariate regressions to identify factors associated with hospital cost. Among 77,394,755 hospitalizations, 79,314 patients were examined. The CAGR of hospital cost was 5.83% (P<0.001). The CAGRs of systemic procedures and palliative care were 5.98% and 19.89% respectively (each P<0.001). Systemic procedures, pulmonary procedures, and surgeries were associated with increased hospital cost by 59.04%, 72.00%, 55.26%, respectively (each P<0.001). Palliative care was associated with decreased hospital cost by 28.71% (P<0.001). Conclusion: The volume of systemic procedures is the biggest driver of cost increase although there is a cost-saving effect from greater palliative care utilization.