교원의 교원능력개발평가 결과, 인구학적 특성과 전문성 인식의 관계

박지혜,이경란,문은주 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2015 교육과학연구 Vol.46 No.4

This study aimed to provide useful information by investigating the relationships between the results of teacher evaluation for professional development, teachers’ demographic characteristics, and their perception of expertise. Among those who participated in the survey asking teachers’ perception of the 2014 teacher evaluation for professional development, the data from 1,622 teachers in the upper and lower limits of one standard deviation of teacher peer evaluation and student satisfaction were used. Study findings were as follows. First, statistically significant and positive correlations existed between teacher evaluation results and teachers’perception of expertise. Second, female teachers, those whose career spanned 5-15 years, elementary teachers perceived their expertise higher than those of male teachers, those whose careers did not span 5-15 years, and middle and high school teachers. Third, mean scores of expertise perception of teachers who had high scores on peer evaluation and student satisfaction were higher than those of other groups. Last, providing information to parents and appropriate evaluation were the key factors distinguishing those who had high scores on teacher evaluation and student satisfaction from those had high scores on teacher evaluation and low scores on student satisfaction. In addition, providing information to parents was the key factor differentiating those who had high scores on teacher evaluation and student satisfaction from those who had low scores on both teacher evaluation and student satisfaction. The significance of these study results was discussed along with limitations and suggestions for future research studies.

통합적 미술감상활동이 유아의 공격성에 미치는 영향

문은경,박혜원 울산대학교 2004 생활과학논문집 Vol.6 No.1

울산광역시에 소재한 한 유치원에 재원 중인 4세 유아 30명을 대상으로 통합적 미술감상활동을 12주 실시하여 공격성에 미치는 영향을 사전검사, 처치, 사후검사설계를 사용하여 일반 미술활동만 수행한 통제집단(N=30)과 비교하였다. 대인공격성(p<.001), 대물공격성(p<.001), 언어공격성(p<.001) 모두에서 실험집단의 아동이 통제집단의 유아보다 통합적 미술감상활동후 유의한 공격성 감소를 나타냈다. 통합적 미술감상활동은 일반 미술활동보다 감정이입과 정서적 민감성을 증진시키는 것으로 해석되었다. This paper hypothesized that children who are given the integrated art appreciation activities will show less aggressive behavior (to objects, to other persons, and verbal aggression) in a meaningful way compared to those who did not have the integrated art appreciation activities. Sixty four-year-olds in Y kindergarten in Ulsan (30 in the experimental group, 30 in the control group) were tasted with Kim, Soo-hyang’s aggression behavior test(1993) based upon Thome(1997) before and after the 12 week integrated art appreciation activities. The results revealed that the experimental group who had the integrated art appreciation activities showed significantly less aggressive behaviour to objects, other persons and less verbal attack compared to the control group(p<.001). The integrated art appreciation activities seemed to better enhance the empathy and emotional sensitivity compared to the regular art activities.

Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염에서 doxycycline 용량과 투여기간에 대한 실험

김은실,김미경,이혜명,정문현,이진수,박재은,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.5

Background : Doxycycline, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol have been used for the treatment of scrub typhus; however, the duration of treatment for this disease is still controversial. Most clinical studies on the treatment of scrub typhus focus on the effectiveness of antibiotics; few studies have focused on the duration of the treatment. There has been no in vitro evaluation of the optimal duration of treatment of scrub typhus. We performed an experiment to evaluate the regrowth of Orientia tsutsugamushi after exposure to doxycycline of various concentration and exposure time. Materials and Methods : O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong was inoculated into the ECV304 cell line. The infected cells were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody reacting against a linear epitope on the 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi; thereafter, the antimicrobial susceptibilities were measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a growth index (total mass of Orientia). Incubation in media containing 0.1 (the minimal inhibitory concentration of doxycycline against O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong), 0.2, and 2 ug/mL doxycycline for 1, 3, 5, and 7 day was followed by incubation in antibiotic-free media for 5 day. Two inocula sizes were employed; low inoculum (45.18% of cells were infected) and high inoculum (87.21% of cells). Results : The incubation with 0.1 ug/mL doxycycline resulted in O. tsutsugamushi regrowth irrespective of doxycycline treatment duration. When the concentration of doxycycline was increased to 0.2 or 2 ug/mL, regrowth was observed in short duration treatments (1-5 day at 0.2 ug/mL; 1 day at 2 ug/mL). Higher inoculum size of O. tsutsugamushi increased regrowth (1 day at the low inoculum; 1-5 day at the high inoculum). Conclusions : The regrowth of O. tsutsugamushi after doxycycline treatment depends on the doxycycline dose; the higher the dose, the lower the relapse rate. If this result is extrapolated to humans, higher dose of doxycycline might be preferred to lower the relapse rate. The inoculum effect in O. tsutsugamushi infection needs further investigations.

단기순환형 정동장애 3례

김은혜,최보문,유태열,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.4

Three cases of rapid cycling affective disorders were examined from a clinical perspective. We presented several different etiologies to the rapid cycling pattern in these patients. It was revealed that the rapid mood swings were due to natural expression of the affective disorder, tricyclic induced, lithium induced, and a combination of the aforementioned etiologies. Brief reviews on factors considered to induce rapid cycling, its etiopathogensis, clinical features and treatment strategies were also presented.

한국여성에서 자궁내막증의 발생위험도와 Estrogen Receptor-α 유전자 다형성과의 관련성에 관한 연구

이사라,허성은,문혜성,김형래,정혜원 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: To investigate whether polymorphism of gene encoding estrogen receptor-a is asso-ciated with the risk of endometriosis in Korean women. Material and Methods :We investigated 136 patients with histopathologically confirmed endo-metriosis rAFS stage III/IV and 251 control group women who were surgically proven to have no endometriosis. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of PCR products were done to determine each participant's estrogen receptor-a genotype. Results : The distridution according to PvuII genetic polymorphism of estrogen receptor-a were as follows. PP, Pp and pp were 14.7%(20 women), 39.0%(53 women) and 46.3%(63 women) in the study group and 13.9%(35 women), 38.6%(98 women) and 47.4%(119 women) in the con-trol group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the study group and the control group. Conclusion : The results suggest that estrogen receptor-a genetic polymorphism may not be associated with the development of endometriosis in Korean women. 목적: 자궁내막증은 에스트로겐에 의존적인 질환이므로 에스트로겐의 합성, 대사 및 작용에 관여하는 유전자의 다형성이 자궁내막증의 발생기전에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국인 여성에서 에스트로겐 수용체-a의 유전자 다형성이 자궁내막증의 발생 위험도를 증가시키는 지에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 방법: 1996년 9월부터 2003년 8월가지 본원 산부인과에서 수술을 통해 병리조직학적으로 자궁내막증 III기와 IV기를 확인한 한국인 여성 136명을 대상으로 하였다. 대조군은 자궁내막증 환자군과 연령이 비슷한 만삭 산모에서 제왕절개술을 시행하거나 양성 난소낭종으로 수술을 시행 하였을 때, 자궁내막증이 없음을 확인한 여성 251명 으로 하였다. 결과: ER-a 유전자의 PvuII 다형성의 분포는 자궁내막증 환자군에서 PP군이 20명(14.7%), Pp군이 53명(39.0%), pp군이 63명(46.3%) 이었고 대조군에서의 분포는 각각 35명(13.9%), 97명(38.7%), 119명(47.4%)으로 나타났으며 자궁내막증 환자군과 대조군 사이의 유의한 차이는 없었다. Pp, pp형을 가지는 경우가 자궁 내막증 환자의 85.3%(116명), 대조군의 86.1%(216명)로 나타났으며, 이 경우 자궁내막증이 발생할 odds ratio가 0.904(95% CI, 0.519~1.702)로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 한국인 여성에서 자궁내막증의 발생위험과 에스트로겐 수용체 a 유전자 다형성간에 연관성은 없는 것으로 나타났다.

Orientia tsutsugamoshi에 대한 항균제 병용의 실험실 효과

김은실,김미경,이혜명,정문현,이진수,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.6

Background : Occasionally, combinations of antibiotics are used for the treatment of scrub typhus. However, the effectiveness of such combined therapies has rarely been evaluated. To date, no experimental studies have been performed; only 1 clinical study has assessed the efficacy of combined doxycycline and rifampin therapy. To elucidate the efficacies of other antibiotic combinations, we performed an experiment to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of antibiotic combinations against Orientia tsutsugamushi. Materials and Methods : O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong was inoculated into the ECV304 cell line. The infected cells were cultured in antibiotic-containing media for 3-5 days and stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody reacting against the linear epitope on the 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi. Thereafter, antimicrobial susceptibility was measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a growth index (total mass of Orientia). The growth indices of doxycycline (0.1 ug/mL), azithromycin (0.1 ug/mL), rifampin (0.0125 ug/mL), cefotaxime (2 and 20 ug/mL), and their various combinations (doxycycline+cefotaxime, doxycycline+rifampin, azithromycin+cefotaxime, and rifampin+cefotaxime) were measured. The above mentioned antibiotic concentrations, except for that of cefotaxime, represent the minimal inhibitory concentrations of each antibiotic. Results : The growth indices of doxycycline (4.67% and 0.52%), rifampin (2.35% and 0.26%), and azithromycin (7.54%) were within the range of full suppression of O. tsutsugamushi', in contrast, cefotaxime (87.60%) was in effective. The growth indices of doxycycline + rifampin were 0.10% and 0.10% which were similar to those obtained with doxycycline or rifampin alone. The growth indices of doxycycline+cefotaxime were 3.99% and 3.65% in low-dose cefotaxime (2 ug/mL), and 3.69% and 4.40% in high-dose cefotaxime (20 ug/mL). The growth indices of rifampin +cefotaxime (2.19% and 2.19% at 2 ug/mL; 1.84% and 2.04% at 20 ug/mL cefotaxime) were similar to those obtained with rifampin alone (2.35% and 0.26%). Azithromycin+cefotaxime (11.06-14.63%) showed higher growth indices than azithromycin alone; this suggests that this combination may be antagonistic. Conclusions : The anti-Orientia efficacies of doxycycline+rifampin, doxycycline+cefotaxime, and rifampin+cefotaxime were not antagonistic. The efficacy of the azithromycin+cefotaxime combination needs to be confirmed by more sensitive methods to exclude the possibility of antagonistic interactions between the antibiotics.

유세포분석법으로 조사한 Orientia tsutsugamushi Boryong주의 항균제 감수성

김은실,김미경,이혜명,정문현,이진수,박재은,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.4

Background : Scrub typhus, an infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in Korea. With the introduction of tetracycline and chloramphenicol in clinical practice, the mortality due to scrub typhus has markedly decreased, In 1995, scrub typhus poorly responsive to doxycycline was reported in Thailand; the need for safe antibiotics for the treatment of scrub typhus acquired during pregnancy or for children is emerging; also, broader spectrum antibiotics having anti-Orientia activity may be preferred for empirical therapy of enteric fever syndrome and for complicated scrub typhus. The anti-Orientia activities of various antibiotics, including recently licensed antibiotics, were investigated by flow cytometry. Materials and Methods : O. tsutsugamushi strain Boryong was inoculated into the ECV304 cell line. The infected cells were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody reacting against a linear epitope on 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of 0. tsutsugamushi. Then the antimicrobial susceptibilities were measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a growth index (total mass of Orientia). A concentration at which no further decrease in growth index occurred was defined as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Microbial susceptibilities to the following antibiotics were measured: quinupristin-dalfopristin (Synercid), levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, metronidazole, linezolid, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, azithromycin, and rifampin. Results : Considering the usual serum concentrations of rifampin (M1C=0.025-0.05 ug/mL), azithromycin (M1C=0.05-0.5 ug/mL) and doxycycline (MIC=0.05-0.1 ug/mL), these antibiotics exhibited very low MICs. Synercid (MIC=0.2-1.0 ug/mL), clindamycin (MIC=1.0 ug/mL) and chloramphenicol (MIC=1-2 ug/mL) exhibited moderately low MICs; moxifloxacin (MIC=8 ug/mL), ciprofloxacin (M1C=25.6 ug/mL or more) and levofloxacin (M1C=30 ug/mL) exhibited relatively high MICs; and cefotaxime (MIC>50 ug/mL), metronidazole (MIC>30 ug/mL) and linezolid (>30 ug/mL) exhibited high MICs. Conclusions : Among the new antibiotics, none was superior to doxycycline, azithromycin or rifampin with respect to anti-Orientia activity. Synercid, clindamycin, and moxifloxacin may show moderate therapeutic efficacies in human.

국내 환자에서 분리된 Orientia tsutsugamushi에서 doxycycline 내성

김은실,김미경,이혜명,길세희,정문현,이진수,강재승 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.5

Background : Doxycycline has been the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus. However, scrub typhus with poor response to doxycycline was first reported in Thailand in 1996. To date, it is not known whether doxycycline resistant scrub typhus is present in Korea. To investigate the doxycycline resistance of scrub typhus in Korea, we performed an experiment to evaluate the degree of growth inhibition of Orientia tsutsugamushi at the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of doxycycline. Materials and Methods : 37 isolates of Orientia tsutsugamushi were collected from Korean patients with scrub typhus during 10 year period (from 1997 to 2007). 34 isolates consisted of Boryong serotype or related serotypes. These strains were stained with FS15, a monoclonal antibody against the linear epitope on the protein located at the outer membrane of O. tsutsugamushi. Three isolates were confirmed as serotype Gilliam, which was stained by anti-Gilliam antibody. The antibody-stainable 35 isolates were incubated in media containing 0.1 and 0.2 ug/mL of doxycycline for 3 days. Then the growth indices of Orient/a were measured by flow cytometry. If the growth index was greater than 10%, the isolate was tentatively classified as an isolate resistant to doxycycline and its MIC was measured. Results : Demographic and treatment data were similar to the results of previous reports. Infection was mainly observed in Inchon and the Chungcheongnam province. No patient showed delayed response to antibiotics. Of 35 hospitalized patients, 4 (11.4%) were managed at the intensive care unit and 1 (2.9%) died of nosocomial pneumonia. All the 2 patients whose isolates were serotype Gilliam Yonchon/Ikeda-like strain were managed at the intensive care unit. Six of the 34 isolates from Korean patients exhibited growth indices greater than 10% at the MIC of doxycycline; however, the MICs of these isolates did not exceed 0.2 ug/mL. One isolate of serotype Gilliam showed an MIC of 0.0125 ug/mL, which seemed to be underestimated due to weak fluorescence of the anti-GiIIiam antibody. Conclusions : Although the number of tested isolates is small, insensitivity of scrub typhus to doxy-cycline is not a major reason for treatment failure in Korea. Serotype Gilliam, especially Yochon/Ikeda-like strain may be associated with severe form of scrub typhus. More studies concerning the antibiotic susceptibility for serotype Gilliam are warranted.

소프트웨어 컴퍼넌트 재구축을 위한 개념 인식 및 정제

현창문,한은주,남혜영,김행곤 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1995 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Most of present-day information system have been in use for a long time. They have been developed using the system development methods, programming tools data base hand-less. Even if the systems are adapted to chagned requirements from the surrounding world, the basic structure and the original technical and methodological ties have been retained. Our goal is to show how an object-oriented development method can be used to grandu-ally moderning an old system. We do this by showing how object-orientd reengineering method solve the software maintainability.

초등학교 자녀의 구강보건에 관한 학부모의 인식 및 행동

한수진,문혁수,정재연,김영경,이병진,김은경,정혜련 韓國學校保健學會 2001 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this study was to collect basic data for the development of oral health education program of parents and to encourage their actual interest and participation in school oral health program. The authors surveyed parents' awareness and behaviors about the oral health of their children. The subjects in this study were 193 parents of elementary school children in Seoul. The collected data were analyzed, the obtained results were as follows: 1. Thirty-five percent of the parents investigated paid a regular visit to a dental clinic. The must common tooth brushing time among them was after dinner, the second was after breakfast, and this was followed by before bedtime and before breakfast. 2. Ninety-four percent of the parents responded that prevention is necessary, 92.2% had a plan to visit a dental clinic to prevent dental caries, and 60.1% experienced receiving pit and fissure sealants. Ninety-seven percent responded that they did check their children's dental caries. 54.9% chocked their children's oral status after tooth brushing. The parents who visit a dental clinic on a regular basis were more likely to check their children's teeth after tooth brushing than those who don't(P<0.05). 3. Eighty eight percent of respondents wanted to keep the fluoride mouth rinse program. 4. It is recommended that an oral health education program be developed for parents to visit dental clinics on a regular basis, to educate as to the right tooth brushing time, and to check out their children's oral status after tooth blushing.