동북아시아의 기업문화비교 : 한ㆍ미ㆍ일ㆍ중을 중심으로

이종목,이은희 全南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1998 용봉인문논총 Vol.27 No.-

This study was planned to find out there was a specific culture in the base of corporate culture. In this study the eastern and western culture was reviewed and then American, Japanese, Korean and Chinese corporate cultures was compared with one another. The results were as followings. The 4 characteristics of the eastern and western culture were reviewed. First, the eastern culture was based upon agricultural society and traditional values and emphasized collectivism. In other hand, the western culture was Gesellschaft resulted from industrialization and urbanization and focused on individualism. Second, in the eastern culture, the introverted inductive reasoning was generally used. In the western culture, extroverted deductive reasoning was generally accepted. Third, intuitive wisdom was emphasized in the eastern culture and analytic knowledge in the western culture. Fourth, harmonious relationship between Man and Nature was valued in the eastern culture and superiority of Man over Nature was important in the western culture. American, Japanese, Korean and Chinese corporate culture based upon the cultural difference had its own specific characteristics. First, the characteristics of American corporate were bias for action, closeness to customer, autonomy and entrepreneurship, productivity through people, stick to the knitting, simple form and lean staff, pay for performance system, individual responsibility and personal top down decision making. Second, the characteristics of Japanese corporate founded upon confucianism were commitment, benevolence, collective decision making, wholistic concern, bottom-up open communication, life time employment, pay for long experience and seniority system, slow evaluation and non-specialized career path. Third, in case of Korean corporate, owner centered centralized control resulted from Confucianism, one way top-down communication, loyalty to superior and senior and wholistic concern oriented leadership style were characterized. Fourth, Chinese corporate had characteristics such as familism, materialism, small scale as a basic tendency, centralized decision making, intuitive decision making, low level of specialization, less standardized of activities and didactic and authoritative leadership style. In this study, it was found that the corporate culture was based upon central culture of its country and the influence of Confucianism on the eastern corporate culture was reviewed and discussed. It was necessary that through the empirical and evidential comparison study, the difference among those corporate culture should be examined.

中性시스템에서 白水의 再循還과 脫水 條件이 內添 藥品의 擧動에 미치는 影響

이은정,김병수,정현채,김철환,박종열 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.4

중성 초지에서 공정의 최적화를 위해 사용되는 각종 첨가제로 인해 백수 시스템은 산성 초지보다 훨씬 복잡한 특성을 나타내고 있다. 특히, 환경 및 경제적 이유로 공정수의 완전한 재사용을 위한 노력이 계속되고 있으며, 백수의 재사용은 제지 공정에 있어서 원료의 절감과 폐수의 부하를 줄일 수 있는 잇점이 있기 때문에 지속적인 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 초지 공정에서 배출되는 백수는 각 위치에 따라 그 특성이 다름에도 불구하고 통합되어 관리되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 백수의 재순환 회수와 탈수부 압력을 달리 했을 때 탈수부의 위치와 조건에 따른 백수의 유기 성분, 무기 성분과 수질 특성 그리고 이들 조건이 미세분 보류도와 종이의 특성에 미치는 영향을 파악한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. ① 백수의 재순환과 탈수부 조건에 따른 유기 및 무기 성분에 대하여 각각 FTIR과 WRD를 사용한 결과, 제지 공법에 사용되는 각종 물질의 추적을 위해 효과적인 방법으로 판단 되었다. ② 백수의 재순환 회수와 탈수 압력에 따른 수질 분석 결과 자연 탈수부에서는 백수의 재순환 회수가 증가할수록 무기염, 탁도, COD는 증가하였으며 진공 탈수부에서 보다 무기염, 탁도 및 COD는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. ③ 백수의 재순환 회수와 탈수 압력에 따른 종이의 강도적 특성과 미세분 보류도의 결과를 비교한 결과 이들간에 밀접한 관련이 있었다. ④ 백수의 재순환 회수에 따른 자연 탈수부와 진공 탈수부에서 탈수 조건에 따라 백수의 특성이 달라진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 무기염의 함유량, 탁도, COD 그리고 양이온 요구도에 있어서 자연 탈수부와 진공 탈수부 조건 사이에 나타난 결과에 따라 자연 탈수부에서 수집된 백수는 진공 탈수부에서 수집된 백수보다 미세분, 섬유, 충전제 및 기타 첨가제들을 많이 함유하고 있었으므로 탈수조건에 따라 백수의 이원화 관리가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. There has been shown more complicate characteristics of white water in the alkaline paper making system than that of acid paper making system. Because the alkaline wet end system is consisted with various functional chemicals to control optimum one pass retention on the wire part and chemi-mechanical properties of final paper, especially perfect reuse of white water due to environmental economical view point has been performed. However, in the paper making system, discharged white water in different position and physical conditions to remove in wet web is managed in same line. Therefore, this reserch was performed to identify organic, inorganic material in white water and water recycling and vacuum intensity on the chemical characteristics in the water and properties the paper. The results obtained are summarized as follow: 1. FTIR and XRD which were used for identifying wet end chemical were effective instrument to chase the chemicals from wet end stock to white water.88 2. According to control white water recycle number and vacuum intensity, the characteristics of white water were changed. 3. In condition of atmospheric pressure, apparent amount of fines and several chemicals which produce environmental problom was higher than that of high vaccum condition. 4. Paper mill has to control the white water differently on condition of vacuum and to separate from white water discharged in atmospheric pressure and high vacuum intensity 5. It can be very effective white water management to reduce water pollution and to improve runnability.

관상동맥질환에서 Tc-99m Methoxyisobutyl Isonitrile (MIBI) Myocardial SPECT의 이용 : Dipyridamole 심근부하 SPECT와 관상동맥조영술과의 비교 A Comparison between Coronary Angiography and Tc-99m-MIBI Myocardial SPECT

이강욱,전은석,박종훈,신영태,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

In order to evaluate clinical utilities of Tc-99m MIBI dipyridamole stress myocardial SPECT in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), we compaired tomographic and polar map images of Tc-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT with the results of coronary angiography in 25 patients with CAD (myocardial infarction 13,angina pectoris 12) in Chungnam National University Hospital from Oct. 1991 to Oct 1993. Percutaneous transcoronary angioplasty (PTCA) was done in three patients of 25 CAD patients and follow up SPECT studies were done in same three patients within 2 months after PTCA. The results were as follows : 1. Mean age of patients was 57.4 years. Man was 2.7 times more than woman. 2. Sensitivity and specificity of Tc-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT for the detection of coronary artery stenosis in patients with myocardial infarction were 92.7 % anf 85 %, respectively. 3. Sensitivity and specificity of Tc-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT for the detection of coronary artery stenosis in patients with angina pectoris were 100 % and 67 %, respectively. 4. After PTCA size of perfusion defects in stress SPELT images was decreased in all three patients . With the results above,we thought that Tc-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT is useful noninvasive method to detect stenosed coronary artery in patients with CAD and it can be used as a method to evaluate the result of PTCA.

심실전도장애환자에서 위상각 분석의 의의

전은석,곽병수,이강욱,박종훈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

It is known that the normal His-Purkinje system provides for nearly synchronous activation of the right and left ventricles. When this His-Purkinje conduction is abnormal, the resulting sequence of the both ventricular contraction should be changed. These abnormal mechanical consequences resulting from abnormal conduction system have been difficult to demonstrate because these are very rapid and complex. We evaluate the phase angle analysis using radionuclide gated blood pool scan(GBP) as a quantitative method which can determine the asynchronous contraction of left ventricule in patients with complete left bundle branch block(C-LBBB, 20 cases) and complete right bundle branch block(C-RBBB, 15 cases). The results as follows : 1) The ejection fractions, peak ejection rates, in GBP were significantly decraesed in patients with C-LBBB compared with controls(10 cases, 70± 4.2 vs 44± 13.9%, 3.51± 0.62 vs 2.48± 0.98, p<0.05 by t-test respectively). The peak filling rates were also decreased in patients with C-LBBB(3.38± 0.92 vs 1.76± 0.71, 1A.05). 2) In the phase angle analysis, the standard deviations and the width of half maximum of phase angle were significantly increased in patients with C-LBBB(8.6± 1.8 vs 20.6± 18.1, 16.0± 3.9 vs 22.5± 9.2, p<0.05 by t-test respectively). And the ranges of phase angle were also increased in C-LBBB(51.3± 5.4 vs 95.7± 31.7, p<0.05). 3) But there were no significant differences in GBP and phase angle analysis between patients with C-RBBB and controls. As the results above, it can be concluded that the phase angle analysis can provide an accurate noninvasive method to detect the asynchronous contraction in patients with abnormal intraventricular electrical activation.

80年代 農村새마을運動과 行政指導

李鍾益,李殷鎬,李光鍾 청주대학교 새마을연구소 1984 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The basic ideas of the new community movement were based on the autonomous and voluntary participation of local residents. Since the beginning of the Saemaul Undong in the early 1970, Korean government has been played a major role in igniting and pushing ahead with the new community movement. From intellectual, economic, social, cultural points of view, the new community movement with strong administrative guidlines has attained a lot of achievements during the past 10 years. What is more important, the voluntary participation of local people rather than the administrative directions are urgently needed to activate the rich and affluent villages in the new community movement of the '80. The directions of the desirable administrative guildines in the eighties are as follows; o To convert the directive points into the assistant one in planning functions of local development. o To formulate the group cooperation system in the decision making of local people. o To develop the inventive and suggestive systems of local residents on the new community movement. o To improve the understanding of the mass to make both the national and local development planning together. o To make a suggestion and publish the blue-print of long time development planning.

여의도 성모병원 신경정신과 입원환자에 대한 통계학적 고찰

김종은,최수호,최보문,김용찬,이규환 최신의학사 1984 最新醫學 Vol.27 No.1

수지상세포의 방사선 저항성에 대한 연구

김은실,김종순,이명호,범희승,민정준,정환정,김성민,허영준,송호천,이제중 대한핵의학회 2003 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 림프구와 비교되는 수지상 세포의 방사선 민감성을 보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 말초혈액에서 분리한 T 림프구에 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 4시간 후에 유세포 분석기를 이용하여 선량별 세포고사 빈도를 관찰하였다. 또한 조혈모세포에서 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상 세포를 단계적으로 분리 배양하여 각각 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 100 Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 4시간, 24시간 그리고 48 시간 후에 선량별 세포고사 빈도를 관찰하였다. 사이토스핀(cytospin)슬라이드에 림프구와 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상세포를 3×104개 씩 분주하고 May Grunwald-Giemsa 염색한 후, 광학 현미경 하에서 각각의 세포군 당 100개의 세포에서 세포 면적당 핵의 면적 비를 측정하였다. 결과 : 림프구에서는 방사선조사 선량별로 세포고사 빈도가 유의하게 증가하였으나, 수지상 세포에서는 그 분화정도나 방사선조사 선량에 따른 세포고사의 빈도차이가 없었다. 또한 수지상 세포는 방사선선량과 관계없이 용량에 의존적으로 강력한 T-세포 자극능을 보였다. 림프구의 세포에 대한 핵의 면적 비는 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상세포의 세포에 대한 핵의 면적 비보다 현저히 큰 반면, 두 가지 수지상세포간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 수지상세포는 그 분화도와 상관없이 림프구에 비하여 방사선 저항성을 나타내었고, 이는 세포의 형태적 차이에 따른 표적의 크기와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되며, 향후 분자 생물학적인 연구의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : To evaluate radiation sensitivity of dendritic cells in comparison with lymphocytes. Materials and methods : T lymphocytes captured from peripheral blood were irradiated by 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30Gy. Apoptosis was measured by flowcytometry for staining of Annexin V 4 hours after irradiation. Immature and mature dendritic cells processed from blood hematopoietic stern cell were irradiated by 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 100 Gy respectively and apoptosis was measured by flowcytometry with time difference as 4h, 24h and 48h after irradiation. Morphometric analysis by percent nucleus was measured in three cell groups, also. Results : Lymphocytes showed radiation sensitivity by increasing apoptotic fraction according to radiation dose. However, both mature and immature dendritic cells showed consistent fraction of apoptosis in spite of increasing radiation dose. Percent nucleus ratio is significantly higher in lymphocytes than that of mature or immature dendritic cells. Stimulation of T-cell by dendritic cells was not changed after irradiation. Conclusion : Dendritic cells showed radioresistance which was associated with small size of nucleus in comparison with lymphocytes and this result would be used as a basal data of radio-labelling for the cellular trafficking studies in nuclear medicine fields.

Foley 도뇨관을 이용한 소파술 및 분만 후 과다자궁 출혈의 보존적 치료

김종일,이지영,유은희 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1999 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.22 No.4

연구목적 : 자궁출혈에 대한 Foley 도뇨관을 이용한 압박지혈법의 효율성과 안전성을 알아보고자 한다. 방법 : 1991년 5월부터 1998년 4월까지 7년간 이화여자대학 동대문 병원에서 시행된 21예를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 모든 환자들에 있어 과다 자궁출혈의 지혈을 위해 자궁내에 Foley 도뇨관을 삽입후 생리식염수로 풍선 확장시키는 방법을 사용하였다. 결과 : Foley 도뇨관을 삽입한 평균 기간은 96시간이었으며 풍선 확장시킨 생리식염수의 양은 32.5㎖였다. 자궁경부괴사나 감염, 지혈실패로 인한 자궁적출술 등의 합병증은 없었다. 결론 : Foley 도뇨관을 이용한 풍선압박지혈법은 급성 자궁출혈 조절에 있어 빠르고 효과적이며 안전한 치료법으로 사료된다. Objective : To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Foley catheter balloon tamponade for uterine bleeding. Method : A retrospective data collection of sequential series of 21 patients were performed between May 1991 and April 1998. Treatment entailed controlled inflation with normal saline in an intrauterine balloon of Foley catheter. Result : The mean duration of the Foley catheter tamponade for uterine bleeding was 96 hours(range ; 48-144 hours) and mean amount of ballooning was 32.5㎖(range : 28-60㎖). There was no complication such as cervical necrosis, infection or hysterectomy. Conclusion : We propose the intrauterine balloon tamponade as an additional alternative for controlling hemorrhage before resorting to angiographic embolization or surgery.

출혈성 설사증을 보인 astrovirus 감염증의 신생아실 집단발생

이종윤,이재규,정은희,조동희,김의종 대한임상미샐물학회 2004 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.7 No.1

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate 7:1 혼합제와 4:1 혼합제의 주요 임상분리균에 대한 시험관내 감수성 비교

이종윤,이재규,이은정,김의종 대한임상미샐물학회 2003 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.6 No.2