Genetic variability and heritability of agronomic traits in a wheat collection used in southern Brazil

Fernandes Rebeca Catanio,Busanello Carlos,Viana Vívian Ebeling,Venske Eduardo,de Oliveira Victoria Freitas,Lopes Jennifer Luz,da Maia Luciano Carlos,Costa de Oliveira Antonio,Pegoraro Camila 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.3

Wheat is a staple food for a large part of the world's population and faces a continuous demand for increased productivity. The presence of genetic variability allows the success in developing cultivars with higher yield. The understanding of the genetic variability available is crucial for their efective use in breeding programs. Inheritance of wheat yield components is complex, due to polygenic control and the strong infuence of the environment. Therefore, an accurate heritability estimation can accelerate the selection gains towards increasing wheat yield. Thus, this study aimed to characterize agronomic traits related to yield in a collection of 99 wheat accessions used in Brazil. In addition, the heritability of these traits was estimated. The studied accessions showed variability for yield, which can be explained by the presence of variability in most yield components. Cluster analysis showed that there is variability in wheat genotypes, however, the introduction of new sources of variability in crossing blocks or the induction of mutations is suggested. The broad-sense heritability for grain yield was considered high, as well as for most of the studied agronomic traits, suggesting that it is possible to obtain genetic gain with selection in this environment. However, for greater accuracy, genetic gain values should be estimated and considered when designing selection strategies. Hectoliter weight showed low heritability, demonstrating the complexity of selection for this trait. In summary, this study demonstrates the presence of genetic variability and high heritability for agronomic traits, enabling genetic gain in breeding programs using these wheat accessions.

High-Fat Diet with Lyophilized Acrocomia aculeata Pulp Increases High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Levels and Inhibits Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Mice

Melina Ribeiro Fernandes,Karoline Silva Rezende,Aline Carla Inada,Karine de Cássia Freitas,Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú,Leandro Fontoura Cavalheiro,Carlos Eduardo Domingues Nazário,Priscila Aiko 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.8

Obesity is a relevant health hazard characterized as a chronic noncommunicable disease, with severe comorbidities that cause mortality worldwide. Acrocomia aculeata is a Brazilian palm with edible fruits. Its pulp contains fibers, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), such as oleic acid and carotenoids. In this context, our study aimed to elucidate the protective effect of the lyophilized A. aculeata pulp added at the rates of 1%, 2%, and 4% to a high-fat (HF) diet (rich in saturated fats and cholesterol), for 90 days, in mice. The treatment with 4% pulp induced a significant increase in the biochemical parameters of serum cholesterol HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein) compared with the control. According to the evaluation of the epididymal tissue, the groups treated with A. aculeata pulp exhibited smaller fat deposits compared with the HF diet group. Therefore, we infer that the predominant components in A. aculeata, particularly fibers and MUFAs, promote beneficial effects on health parameters during simultaneous exposure to food rich in saturated fat and cholesterol, typical of the Western diet. This is the first study to correlate the presence of fatty acids from A. aculeata pulp in different proportions added in a HF diet with metabolic and histological parameters in Swiss mice.

Effect of a professional soccer match in skin temperature of the lower limbs : a case study

Alex de Andrade Fernandes,Eduardo Mendonça Pimenta,Danilo Gomes Moreira,Manuel Sillero-Quintana,João Carlos Bouzas Marins,Rodrigo Figueiredo Morandi,Tane Kanope,Emerson Silami Garcia 한국운동재활학회 2017 JER Vol.13 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between lower limbs skin temperature (Tsk) recorded by infrared thermography and creatine kinase (CK) response following an official soccer game. A pro-fessional soccer player, from the first division Brazilian League, defender, 27 years and 183 cm of height was analyzed. Measures of Tsk with a thermal camera and blood CK concentrations were obtained 24 hr be-fore (24H-PRE), 24 (24H-POST) and 48 hr (48H-POST) after an official match. The results showed that CK values were 193 U/L 24 hr before, ris-ing to 1,083 U/L 24 hr after the game and 414 U/L 48 hr after the game. Anterior thigh Tsk was 31.5ºC, 33.8ºC, and 31.8ºC in the moments 24H-PRE, 24H-POST, and 48H-POST, respectively. Similarly, anterior leg presented temperature of 31.2ºC, 33.3ºC, and 31.5ºC at the same moments. Qualita-tive analysis of the thermograms showed that whole lower limbs are much warmer 24 hr after the match and certain areas as the right anteri-or thigh, the left anterior leg, both anterior ankles, and both posterior thighs have not fully recovered their initial Tsk 48 hr after the match. The results of this study indicate that participation in a professional soccer match can lead to significant increases in Tsk values measured by IRT 24 hr after the match. Considering this variable as an indicator of muscu-lar damage, it could help in the process of training control, being part of an injury prevention program in professional soccer clubs.

Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome treatment: initial experience in tertiary reference center in Brazil

Maurício Mendes Barbosa,Eduardo Félix Martins Santana,Hérbene José Figuinha Milani1,Julio Elito Júnior,Edward Araujo Júnior,Antônio Fernandes Moron,Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza 대한산부인과학회 2018 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.61 No.4

ObjectiveTo evaluate the initial maternal and perinatal outcomes of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for the treatment oftwin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in a referral center in Brazil. MethodsThis prospective observational study analyzed 24 fetoscopic laser photocoagulation procedures at 18.26 weeks ofgestation. TTTS severity was determined using the Quintero classification. Blood vessels that crossed the interamnioticmembrane were nonselectively photocoagulated. The χ2 test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for the statisticalanalysis. ResultsThe mean (±standard deviation) age of pregnant women, gestational age at surgery, surgical time, gestational age atbirth, and newborn weight were 32.2±4.1 years, 20.7±2.9 weeks, 51.8±16.7 minutes, 30.5±4.1 weeks, and 1,531.0±773.1g, respectively. Using the Quintero classification, there was a higher percentage of cases in stage III (54.2%), followedby stages IV (20.8%), II (16.7%), and I (8.3%). Ten (41.7%) donor fetuses died and 14 (58.3%) donor fetuses surviveduntil the end of gestation. Placental insertion location (anterior vs. posterior) did not affect the incidence of iatrogenicseptostomy, surface bleeding, and premature rupture of membranes until the end of gestation. The death rate ofdonor and recipient fetuses before 24th gestational week increased with severity of TTTS. ConclusionThe maternal and perinatal outcomes resulting from the implementation of a new minimally invasive surgicaltechnique are in line with those obtained in major centers worldwide, considering the learning curves andinfrastructures.

Comparison of short-term results after laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision and standard colectomy for right-sided colon cancer. Analysis of a Western center cohort

Cristian Conti,Corrado Pedrazzani,Giulia Turri,Eduardo Fernandes,Enrico Lazzarini,Raffaele De Luca,Alessandro Valdegamberi,Andrea Ruzzenente,Alfredo Guglielmi 대한대장항문학회 2021 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.37 No.3

Purpose: Laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) right colectomy is a technically demanding procedure infre- quently employed in Western centers. This retrospective cohort study aims to analyze the safety of laparoscopic CME col- ectomy compared to standard colectomy for right-sided colon cancer in a Western series. Methods: Prospectively collected data from 60 patients who underwent laparoscopic CME right colectomy were com- pared to the ones of 55 patients who underwent laparoscopic standard right colectomy. Results: No differences in clinical characteristics were observed between the CME and standard right colectomy groups. No differences were demonstrated in terms of blood loss (P = 0.060), intraoperative complications (P = 1), conversion rate (P = 0.102), and operative time (P = 0.473). No deaths were observed in either group, while complication rate was 40.0% in the CME and 49.1% in the standard group (P = 0.353). Severe complications occurred in 10.0% vs. 9.1% (P = 0.842), redo surgery in 5.0% vs. 7.3% (P=0.708), and unplanned readmission in 5.0% vs. 5.5% (P=1) after CME and standard colec- tomy, respectively. A significant difference in favor of CME was observed in the total length of specimen (P < 0.001), prox- imal (P=0.018), and distal margins (P=0.037). The number of lymph nodes harvested was significantly higher in the CME group (27 vs. 22, P = 0.037). Conclusion: In Western series, where patients have less favorable clinical characteristics, laparoscopic CME allows to ob- tain better quality surgical specimens and comparable short-term outcomes compared to standard right colectomy.

Potential implications of blood flow restriction exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease: a brief review

Nicholas Rolnick,Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto,Eduardo Fernandes da Fonseca,Rodrigo Vanerson Passos Neves,Thiago dos Santos Rosa,Dahan da Cunha Nascimento 한국운동재활학회 2022 JER Vol.18 No.2

Combining blood flow restriction (BFR) with exercise is considered a relevant, helpful method in load-compromised individuals and a viable replacement for traditional heavy-load strength training. BFR exercise may be particularly useful for those unable to withstand high mechanical stresses on joints resulting in skeletal muscle dysfunction, such as patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Current literature suggests that BFR training displays similar positive health benefits to exercise training alone for CKD patients, including maintenance of muscle strength, glomerular filtration rate maintenance, uremic parameters, inflammatory profile, redox status, glucose homeostasis, blood pressure adjustments, and low adverse reports. In this review of nine studies in CKD patients, we clarify the potential safety and health effects of exercise training with BFR compared to exercise training alone and recommend insights for future research and practical use. Furthermore, we introduce relevant gaps in this emerging field, providing substantial guidance, critical discussion, and valuable preliminary conclusions in this demographic of patients. However, based on the limited studies in this area, more research is necessary to determine the optimal BFR exercise programming.

Nutritional Needs in the Professional Practice of Swimming: a Review

Raúl Domínguez,Antonio Jesús-Sánchez-Oliver,Eduardo Cuenca,Pablo Jodra,Sandro Fernandes da Silva,Fernando Mata-Ordóñez 한국운동영양학회 2017 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.21 No.4

[Purpose] Swimming requires developing a high aerobic and anaerobic capacity for strength and technical efficiency. The purpose of this study was to establish the nutritional requirements and dietary strategies that can optimize swimming performance. [Methods] Several related studies retrieved from the databases, Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, Pubmed, and Web of Science, through keyword search strategies were reviewed. [Results] The recommended carbohydrate intake ranges between 6-10-12 g/kg/d, protein 2 g/kg/d, and fat should surpass 20-25% of the daily intake. [Conclusion] Performance can be optimized with a hydration plan, as well as adequate periodization of supplements, such as caffeine, creatine, sodium bicarbonate, B-alanine, beetroot juice, Vitamin D, bovine colostrum, and HMB.

Analysis of the shelf life of chitosan stored in different types of packaging, using colorimetry and dentin microhardness

Antonio Miranda da Cruz-Filho,Angelo Rafael de Vito Bordin,Luis Eduardo Souza-Flamini,Débora Fernandes da Costa Guedes,Paulo César Saquy,Ricardo Gariba Silva,Jesus Djalma Pécora 대한치과보존학회 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.2

Objectives: Chitosan has been widely investigated and used. However, the literature does not refer to the shelf life of this solution. This study evaluated, through the colorimetric titration technique and an analysis of dentin micro-hardness, the shelf life of 0.2% chitosan solution. Materials and Methods: Thirty human canines were sectioned, and specimens were obtained from the second and third slices, from cemento-enamel junction to the apex. A 0.2% chitosan solution was prepared and distributed in 3 identical glass bottles (v1, v2, and v3) and 3 plastic bottles (p1, p2, and p3). At 0, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days, the specimens were immersed in each solution for 5 minutes (n = 3 each). The chelating effect of the solution was assessed by micro-hardness and colorimetric analysis of the dentin specimens. 17% EDTA and distilled water were used as controls. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison (α = 0.05). Results: There was no statistically significant difference among the solutions with respect to the study time (p = 0.113) and micro-hardness/time interaction (p = 0.329). Chitosan solutions and EDTA reduced the micro-hardness in a similar manner and differed significantly from the control group (p < 0.001). Chitosan solutions chelated calcium ions throughout the entire experiment. Conclusions: Regardless of the storage form, chitosan demonstrates a chelating property for a minimum period of 6 months.

Novel and Highly Diverse Fungal Endophytes in Soybean Revealed by the Consortium of Two Different Techniques

Tiago de Souza Leite,Andréia Cnossen-Fassoni,Olinto Liparini Pereira,Eduardo Seiti Gomide Mizubuti,Elza Fernandes de Araújo,Marisa Vieira de Queiroz 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.1

Fungal endophytes were isolated from the leaves of soybean cultivars in Brazil using two different isolation techniques – fragment plating and the innovative dilution-to-extinction culturing – to increase the species richness, frequency of isolates and diversity. A total of 241 morphospecies were obtained corresponding to 62 taxa that were identified by analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The Phylum Ascomycota predominated, representing 99% and 95.2% of isolates in the Monsoy and Conquista cultivars, respectively, whereas the Phylum Basidiomycota represented 1% and 4.8% of isolates, respectively. The genera Ampelomyces, Annulohypoxylon, Guignardia, Leptospora, Magnaporthe, Ophiognomonia, Paraconiothyrium, Phaeosphaeriopsis, Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces, and Xylaria for the first time were isolated from soybean; this suggests that soybean harbours novel and highly diverse fungi. The yeasts genera Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces (subphylum Pucciniomycotina) represent the Phylum Basidiomycota. The species richness was greater when both isolation techniques were used. The diversity of fungal endophytes was similar in both cultivars when the same isolation technique was used except for Hill’s index, N1. The use of ITS region sequences allowed the isolates to be grouped according to Order, Class and Phylum. Ampelomyces, Chaetomium, and Phoma glomerata are endophytic species that may play potential roles in the biological control of soybean pathogens. This study is one of the first to apply extinction-culturing to isolate fungal endophytes in plant leaves, thus contributing to the development and improvement of this technique for future studies.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy for the assessment of early-stage nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced in rats by a high-fat diet

Antonio Carlos Soares Pantaleão,Marcio Pinto de Castro,Krishynan Shanty Fernandes Meirelles Araujo,Carlos Frederico Ferreira Campos,André Luiz Alves da Silva,José Eduardo Ferreira Manso,João Carlos Ma 대한초음파의학회 2022 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.41 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) to diagnose the initial stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a rat model. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were allocated to control or experimental groups. A high-fat diet (HFD) with 20% fructose and 2% cholesterol, resembling a common Western diet, was fed to animals in the experimental groups for up to 16 weeks; those in the control group received a regular diet. A 21 MHz UBM system was used to acquire B-mode images at specific times: baseline (T0), 10 weeks (T10), and 16 weeks (T16). The sonographic hepatorenal index (SHRI), based on the average ultrasound image gray-level intensities from the liver parenchyma and right renal cortex, was determined at T0, T10, and T16. The liver specimen histology was classified using the modified Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network NAFLD activity scoring system. Results: The livers in the animals in the experimental groups progressed from sinusoidal congestion and moderate macro- and micro-vesicular steatosis to moderate steatosis and frequent hepatocyte ballooning. The SHRI obtained in the experimental group animals at T10 and T16 was significantly different from the SHRI of pooled control group. No significant difference existed between the SHRI in animals receiving HFD between T10 and T16.Conclusion: SHRI measurement using UBM may be a promising noninvasive tool to characterize early-stage NAFLD in rat models.