Management of Critical Burn Injuries: Recent Developments

David J. Dries,John J. Marini 대한중환자의학회 2017 Acute and Critical Care Vol.32 No.1

Background: Burn injury and its subsequent multisystem effects are commonly encountered by acute care practitioners. Resuscitation is the major component of initial burn care and must be managed to restore and preserve vital organ function. Later complications of burn injury are dominated by infection. Burn centers are often called to manage problems related to thermal injury, including lightning and electrical injuries. Methods: A selected review is provided of key management concepts as well as of recent reports published by the American Burn Association. Results: The burn-injured patient is easily and frequently over resuscitated, with ensuing complications that include delayed wound healing and respiratory compromise. A feedback protocol designed to limit the occurrence of excessive resuscitation has been proposed, but no new “gold standard” for resuscitation has replaced the venerated Parkland formula. While new medical therapies have been proposed for patients sustaining inhalation injury, a paradigm-shifting standard of medical therapy has not emerged. Renal failure as a specific contributor to adverse outcome in burns has been reinforced by recent data. Of special problems addressed in burn centers, electrical injuries pose multisystem physiologic challenges and do not fit typical scoring systems. Conclusion: Recent reports emphasize the dangers of over resuscitation in the setting of burn injury. No new medical therapy for inhalation injury has been generally adopted, but new standards for description of burn-related infections have been presented. The value of the burn center in care of the problems of electrical exposure, both manmade and natural, is demonstrated in recent reports.

A SEMI-EMPIRICAL MODEL OF BURIED CHANNEL PMOS DEVICES AT 77K BASED ON THE POOLE-FRENKEL EFFECT

Kim, S. K.,Dries, M. F.,Linder, W. J. 대한전자공학회 1989 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.1 No.1

Buried channel PMOS devices are found to have smaller transconductance than surface channel devices for subthreshold operation at 77K. At this temperature, carriers in the buried channel will partially be frozen out. The freeze-out is associated with the boron impurities implanted to adjust the threshold voltages. A semi-empirical model based on the Poole-Frenkel effect is presented. In the model, the device works like JFETs in the weak inversion region and the carrier density in the channel area increases with gate potential faster than the conventional JFET models. This will alter he subthreshold behavior of the device. Once the device is in the strong inversion region, the surface channel conduction i the predominant mechanism. Our model shows a good fit for I_(DS) in the range of 1nA to 1uA, for devices whose W/L is equal to l0u/10u.

Sustainability-Focused Multi-Objective Optimization of a Turning process

Iván La Fé Perdomo,Ramón Quiza,Dries Haeseldonckx,Marcelino Rivas 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.5

Using optimized cutting parameters can represent a key contribution for obtaining sustainable machining processes. This study presents the multi-objective optimization of the multi-passes cylindrical turning, where conflicting goals are simultaneously considered: economic, environmental and social sustainability. The first costs. The environmental impact was taking into account through the carbon dioxide emission. Finally, the key issue in the social sustainability was the operational safety. Also, the constraints resulting from the technical aspects of the turning process were also considered. From the decision-making point of view, an a posteriori approach was used, where the optimization process, which gives a Pareto front, is followed by the selection of the most convenient solution, depending on the specific workshop conditions. The nonsorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used as optimization heuristic. The main contribution of the paper is the use of a tridimensional Pareto front for selecting the best cutting conditions, by considering the three pillars of the sustainability.

Correction to: Sustainability-Focused Multi-objective Optimization of a Turning process

Iván La Fé Perdomo,Ramón Quiza,Dries Haeseldonckx,Marcelino Rivas 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.1

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Effect of Pasture Improvement Strategies on Indicators of Soil Physical Quality and Pasture Yield in Southern Chile

Felipe Zuniga Ugalde,Jorge Ivelic-Saez,Ignacio Lopez,Dries Huygens,Jose Dorner 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Novel online routing algorithms for smart people-parcel taxi sharing services

Son Nguyen Van,Nhan Vu Thi Hong,Dung Pham Quang,Hoai Nguyen Xuan,Behrouz Babaki,Anton Dries 한국전자통신연구원 2022 ETRI Journal Vol.44 No.2

Building smart transportation services in urban cities has become a worldwide problem owing to the rapidly increasing global population and the development of Internet-of-Things applications. Traffic congestion and environmental concerns can be alleviated by sharing mobility, which reduces the number of vehicles on the road network. The taxi-parcel sharing problem has been considered as an efficient planning model for people and goods flows. In this paper, we enhance the functionality of a current peopleparcel taxi sharing model. The adapted model analyzes the historical request data and predicts the current service demands. We then propose two novel online routing algorithms that construct optimal routes in real-time. The objectives are to maximize (as far as possible) both the parcel delivery requests and ride requests while minimizing the idle time and travel distance of the taxis. The proposed online routing algorithms are evaluated on instances adapted from real Cabspotting datasets. After implementing our routing algorithms, the total idle travel distance per day was 9.64% to 12.76% lower than that of the existing taxi-parcel sharing method. Our online routing algorithms can be incorporated into an efficient smart shared taxi system.

건성안에서 결막 압흔세포검사를 이용한 비타민 A 함유 누액의 치료효과의 평가

김은철,주천기,Efficacy of Vitamin A-containing Lubricant in Dry Eye Syndrome 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.11

Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical vitamin A-containing lubricant in dry eye patients. Methods: Three hundred eyes of 150 patients with dry eye (Schirmer I test≤10 mm, BUT≤10 seconds) were divided into three groups. Preservative-containing artificial tears, preservative-free artificial tears, and vitamin A-containing lubricant were administrated to Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (N=50). We evaluated and checked symptom scores, tear film breakup time (tBUT), Schirmer I test results, corneal fluorescein stain scores, and impression cytology immediately and at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment. Results: Mean tBUT and goblet cell density significantly increased from 5.06±1.25 to 6.76±1.21 sec and from 125.62±61.52 to 192.86±69.38 cell/mm2, respectively, after 2 months in group 3 (P<0.05). Impression cytology grade significantly decreased from 2.14±0.38 to 1.67±0.41 after 2 months in group 3 (P<0.05). The Schirmer I test score significantly increased from 9.12±4.15 to 12.83±0.96 mm, and the corneal stain score decreased from 2.13±0.95 to 1.18±0.68 after 3 months in group 3 (P<0.05). Conclusions: The improvement of symptoms and the stabilization of tear films and ocular surfaces suggested that treatment with vitamin A-containing lubricant for dry eye was effective. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2008;49(11):1729-1736

Molecular detection and characterization of ovine herpesvirus-2 using heminested PCR in Pakistan

Aayesha Riaz,Inga Dry,Robert Dalziel,S. U. Rehman,Muhammad Ali Shah,Hafiz Muhammad Naeem Akhtar,Arfan Yousaf,Ruqia Baig 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.4

Background: Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a highly fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo, and pigs caused by the gamma-herpesviruses alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep, goats, cattle, and buffalo in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, by applying molecular and phylogenetic methods. Methods: Blood samples were aspirated from sheep (n = 54), goat (n = 50), cattle (n = 46) and buffalo (n= 50) at a slaughterhouse and several farms. The samples were subjected to heminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the OvHV-2 POL gene and the OvHV-2 ORF75 tegument protein gene. Results: The highest percentage of MCF positive samples was in sheep (13%), whereas goat, cattle, and buffalo had lower positive percentages, 11%, 9%, and 6.5%, respectively. Four OvHV-2-positive PCR products obtained from sheep samples were sequenced. The sequences obtained were submitted to the NCBI GenBank database (MK852173 for the POL gene; MK840962, MK852171, and MK852172 for the ORF75 tegument protein gene). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close similarity of study sequences with those of worldwide samples. Conclusions: This study is the first cross-sectional study on the prevalence and molecular detection of OvHV-2 in apparently healthy cattle and buffalo that could be carrying OvHV-2 acquired from OvHV-2-positive sheep and goats. The results indicate that OvHV-2 is circulating in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to characterize OvHV-2 and elucidate further its prevalence.

On the computation of the quenching time for a nonlinear diffusion equation with singular boundary outfluxes

Ganon Ardjouma,N'Dri Kouakou Cyrille,Edja Kouame Beranger,Toure Kidjegbo Augustin 원광대학교 기초자연과학연구소 2023 ANNALS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS Vol.26 No.3

This work is concerned with the study of the numerical approximation for the nonlinear diffusion equation $(u^{m})_t=u_{xx}$, $0<x<1, t>0$, with a singular boundary outfluxes $u_x(0,t)=u^{-p}(0,t)$, $u_x(1,t)=-u^{-q}(1,t)$, $t>0$. We use the finite differences method to obtain a semidiscrete scheme of the above problem. First, we give appropriate conditions under which the semidiscrete solution quenches in a finite time and estimate its semidiscrete quenching time. Then, we establish the convergence of the semidiscrete quenching time. Finally, we illustrate our analysis with some numerical experiments.

Comparative proteomic analysis of non-embryogenic and embryogenic callus, somatic and zygotic embryos of Theobroma cacao L.

N’goran Georges Poh Konan,Minyaka Emile,N’zi Jean-Claude,Kouassi Modeste Kan,Kouamé Christophe,N’dri Denis,Djeni Theodore N’dede 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.5

The induction, development, and maturation of somatic embryos in cocoa are subjected to numerous failures during the various development stages. Understanding the biochemical/molecular events governing somatic embryogenesis in T. cacao will help to overcome these failures. The present study focused on cocoa somatic embryogenesis proteomic variations with the aim to shed light on the constraints of somatic embryos during their development stages (induction, expression, and maturation). These were investigated using combinations of LC–MS/MS coupled with TripleTOF 5600 + and Orbitrap Fusion methods during cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryogenesis. Non-embryogenic callus (NC), embryogenic callus (EC), somatic embryos (ESN), and zygotic embryos (EZM) were used as samples. Sample analyses followed by bioinformatics research identified a total of 1762 proteins. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were derived from NC (429), EC (301), ESN (911), and EZM (511) and classified according to ontological categories. The analysis of KEGG pathways in NC and EZM showed that they were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. While in EC and ESN, they are enriched in endoplasmic reticulum protein processing. Based on protein–protein interaction analysis, proteins in EC and ESN were highly regulated and involved in environmental stress. On the other hand, proteins in NC and EZM, highly regulated were involved in energy metabolism. This proteomic study provides clues to understand the low rate of conversion to plant in somatic embryogenesis and helps to build a model for improved culture medium.