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Effects of Herbal treatment for In-patients with Mild Fever: Retrospective Clinical Study
Lee, Sun-Ju,Han, In-Sik,Oh, Hyun-Suk,Lee, Dong-Jin,Yoon, Jeung-Won,Choi, Ga-Young,Hong, Sun-Gi,Lee, Won-Chul,Sun, Seung-Ho The Society of Korean Medicine 2011 대한한의학회지 Vol.32 No.6
Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effect of herbal extract medicines for inpatients with fever symptoms in an oriental medicine hospital. Methods: Medical records of inpatients who experienced over $38^{\circ}C$ of fever from July 2010 to August 2011 has been requested with deleted personal identifiable information. The requested data were analyzed by patients' general characteristics, administrated western/herbal medicines, and changes in the body temperature of four administration groups (group 1, herbal extract medicine only; group 2, western medication(antibiotics/antipyretics) only; group 3, combination of herbal extract medicine and western medication; group 4, no medication control). The SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis and p-value of less than 0.05 was regarded significant. Results: The body temperature has significantly dropped over time in the herbal extract medicine only group (p<0.001) along with the antibiotics/antipyretics only group. When both treatments were combined, stronger antipyretic effect was shown compared to the sole treatment of herbal extract medicine or antibiotics/antipyretics. Conclusion: The use of herbal extract medicines may be effective in alleviation of fever.
Ga-Yeon Go,Ayoung Jo,Dong-Wan Seo,Woo-Young Kim,Yong Kee Kim,Eui-Young So,Qian Chen,Jong-Sun Kang,Gyu-Un Bae,Sang-Jin Lee 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3
Background: As a process of aging, skeletal muscle mass and function gradually decrease. It is reported that ginsenoside Rb1 and Rb2 play a role as AMP-activated protein kinase activator, resulting in regulating glucose homeostasis, and Rb1 reduces oxidative stress in aged skeletal muscles through activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. We examined the effects of Rb1 and Rb2 on differentiation of the muscle stem cells and myotube formation. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts treated with Rb1 and/or Rb2 were differentiated and induced to myotube formation, followed by immunoblotting for myogenic marker proteins, such as myosin heavy chain, MyoD, and myogenin, or immunostaining for myosin heavy chain or immunoprecipitation analysis for heterodimerization of MyoD/E-proteins. Results: Rb1 and Rb2 enhanced myoblast differentiation through accelerating MyoD/ E-protein heterodimerization and increased myotube hypertrophy, accompanied by activation of Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. In addition, Rb1 and Rb2 induced the MyoD-mediated transdifferentiation of the rhabdomyosarcoma cells into myoblasts. Furthermore, co-treatment with Rb1 and Rb2 had synergistically enhanced myoblast differentiation through Akt activation. Conclusion: Rb1 and Rb2 upregulate myotube growth and myogenic differentiation through activating Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and inducing myogenic conversion of fibroblasts. Thus, our first finding indicates that Rb1 and Rb2 have strong potential as a helpful remedy to prevent and treat muscle atrophy, such as age-related muscular dystrophy.
Ginsenoside Rg1 from Panax ginseng enhances myoblast differentiation and myotube growth
Ga-Yeon Go,Sang-Jin Lee,Ayoung Jo,Jaecheol Lee,Dong-Wan Seo,Jong-Sun Kang,Si-Kwan Kim,Su-Nam Kim,Yong Kee Kim,Gyu-Un Bae 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4
Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 belongs to protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides and has diverse pharmacological activities. In this report, we investigated whether Rg1 could upregulate muscular stem cell differentiation and muscle growth. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts, MyoD-transfected 10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts, and HEK293T cells were treated with Rg1 and differentiated for 2 d, subjected to immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, or immunoprecipitation. Results: Rg1 activated promyogenic kinases, p38MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and Akt signaling, that in turn promote the heterodimerization with MyoD and E proteins, resulting in enhancing myogenic differentiation. Through the activation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, Rg1 induced myotube growth and prevented dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy. Furthermore, Rg1 increased MyoD-dependent myogenic conversion of fibroblast. Conclusion: Rg1 upregulates promyogenic kinases, especially Akt, resulting in improvement of myoblast differentiation and myotube growth.
Efficient System to Establish Pig Cell Lines to Prevent Immunodeficiency using CRISPR/Cas9 System
Dong-Hwan Kim,Jin Seop Ahn,Wu-Sheng Sun,Seong-Hong Jang,Ga-Ram Kim,Jeong-Woong Lee 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2
For the pig to human organ transplantation, immune rejection is the biggest problem. It is known that T cell is associated with immune rejection and it is necessary to produce severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) pigs to reduce the rejection. Previous studies show that IL2RG and RAG2 mainly function on T cell development which is mainly functions on immune system. Especially, IL2RG is for the T cell and NK cell development, and RAG2 is for maturation of T and B cells. In this study, to produce IL2RG and RAG2 deficient cell lines, we designed specific sgRNAs which target pig IL2RG and RAG2, respectively, using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Each of the GFP tagged targeting vectors were constructed and transfected into pig fibroblasts, respectively or both, to establish single or double knock-out cell lines. After transfection, GFP positive cells were isolated and many single cells were freely seeded and cultured individually. To analysis genomic types of the cells, we amplified and analyzed the targeting regions on DNA. As a result, 3 knock-out cell lines were established for IL2RG and RAG2, respectively. Also, for the double knock-out cell lines, 1 cell line was analyzed by sequencing. By CRISPR/Cas9 system, we established diverse IL2RG and/or RAG2 knock-out cell lines and the cells are planning on producing SCID pigs.