김일성종합대의 조선어교육 운영 사례 연구

김가람 ( Ga Ram Kim ) 국어교육학회 2014 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.49 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 김일성종합대에서 이루어지는 외국인 학습자를 위한 조선어교육의 구체적인 운영 사례를 재구하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 교재 분석과 함께 2명의 중국인 제보자를 대상으로 심층 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 김일성종합대의 조선어 연수 과정은 또 다른 조선어 교육기관인 김형직사범대와 큰 차이를 보였다. 중국인 학습자의 구성뿐만 아니라 생활환경, 교육과정과 교재, 교수법에서도 다른 양상이 나타났다. 이러한 차이 외에도 사회적 변화에 따라 중국 정부의 정책과 참여자들의 만족도 또한 달라지고 있음을 확인하였다. 중국 정부는 우수한 학생들을 유치하기 위하여 개방화 정책으로 방향을 선회하였고, 이를 통해 점점 더 다양한 학교의 학생들이 조선어교육 프로그램에 참가하고 있었다. 또한 만족도 평가에서 장학금과 희소성은 여전히 높은 만족도의 원인이지만, 북한식 억양과 말투, 자유롭지 못한 북한 생활은 만족도를 낮추는 요인으로 작용하였다. This study aims to examine how the Korean Education as a Foreign Language program is managed at Kim Il-sung University in North Korea. For this purpose, both in-depth interviews with two Chinese informants and textbook analysis have been conducted. Through this method, various aspects and organizations of Korean Education as a Foreign Language in Kim Il-sung University have been reconstructed. Firstly, research results indicate that there are many different aspects between Kim Il-sung University and Kim Hyong-jik Pedagogical University when it comes to the student, their living environment, curriculum, textbooks and teaching methods. Secondly, one should understand that it is the Chinese government who has started up an open-door policy the program of Korean Education as a Foreign Language in North Korea, in order to attract outstanding students. Lastly, participants in the study have expressed satisfaction with economic support and rarity. Contrastingly however, some were not satisfied with the North Korean pronunciation, accent and restrained lifestyle.

Clinical predictors of chest radiographic abnormalities in young children hospitalized with bronchiolitis: a single center study

Ga Ram Kim,Min Sun Na,Kyung Suk Baek,Seung Jin Lee,Kyung Suk Lee,Young Ho Jung,Hye Mi Jee,Tae Hee Kwon,Man Yong Han,Youn Ho Sheen 대한소아청소년과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.59 No.12

Purpose: Chest radiography is often performed on patients hospitalized with typical clinical manifestations of bronchiolitis. We aimed to determine the proportion of subjects with pathologic chest radiographic findings and the clinical predictors associated with pathologic chest radiographic findings in young children admitted with the typical presentation of bronchiolitis. Methods: We obtained the following data at admission: sex, age, neonatal history, past history of hospitalization for respiratory illnesses, heart rate, respiratory rate, the presence of fever, total duration of fever, oxygen saturation, laboratory parameters (i.e., complete blood cell count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], etc.), and chest radiography. Results: The study comprised 279 young children. Of these, 26 had a chest radiograph revealing opacity (n=24) or atelectasis (n=2). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for confounding factors, the clinical predictors associated with pathologic chest radiographic findings in young children admitted with bronchiolitis were elevated hs-CRP level (>0.3 mg/dL) and past history of hospitalization for respiratory illnesses (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The current study suggests that chest radiographs in young children with typical clinical manifestations of bronchiolitis have limited value. Nonetheless, young children with clinical factors such as high hs-CRP levels at admission or past history of hospitalization for respiratory illnesses may be more likely to have pathologic chest radiographic findings.

Description of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. bovis subsp. nov., isolated from cattle (Bos taurus coreanae), emended description of Mycobacterium chelonae and creation of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. chelonae subsp. nov.

Kim, Byoung-Jun,Kim, Ga-Na,Kim, Bo-Ram,Jeon, Che Ok,Jeong, Joseph,Lee, Seon Ho,Lim, Ji-Hun,Lee, Seung-Heon,Kim, Chang Ki,Kook, Yoon-Hoh,Kim, Bum-Joon Microbiology Society 2017 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.67 No.10

<P>Three rapidly growing mycobacterial strains, QIA-37 T, QIA-40 and QIA-41, were isolated from the lymph nodes of three separate Korean native cattle, Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae). These strains were previously shown to be phylogenetically distinct but closely related to Mycobacterium chelonae ATCC 35752 T by taxonomic approaches targeting three genes (16S rRNA, hsp6 and rpoB) and were further characterized using a polyphasic approach in this study. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of all three strains showed 99.7% sequence similarity with that of the M. chelonae type strain. A multilocus sequence typing analysis targeting 10 housekeeping genes, including hsp65 and rpoB, revealed a phylogenetic cluster of these strains with M. chelonae. DNA-DNA hybridization values of 78.2% between QIA-37 T and M. chelonae indicated that it belongs to M. chelonae but is a novel subspecies distinct from M. chelonae. Phylogenetic analysis based on whole-genome sequences revealed a 95.44 +/- 0.06% average nucleotide identity (ANI) value with M. chelonae, slightly higher than the 95.0% ANI criterion for determining a novel species. In addition, distinct phenotypic characteristics such as positive growth at 37 degrees C, at which temperature M. chelonae does not grow, further support the taxonomic status of these strains as representatives of a novel subspecies of M. chelonae. Therefore, we propose an emended description of Mycobacterium chelonae, and descriptions of M. chelonae subsp. chelonae subsp. nov. and M. chelonae subsp. bovis subsp. nov. are presented; strains ATCC 35752(T)(=CCUG 47445(T) = CIP 104535(T) = DSM 43804(T) = JCM 6388(T) = NCTC 946(T)) and QIA-37(T) (= KCTC 39630(T) = JCM 30986(T)) are the type strains of the two novel subspecies.</P>

Screening of Growth-stimulatory Plant on Lactic acid bacteria

Ga-Ram Kim,Yong-Xie Jin,Haeng-Ran Kim,So-Young Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.11

Assessment of TSPO in a Rat Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis Model: A Comparison Study between [ ¹⁸ F]Fluoromethyl-PBR28 and [ ¹⁸ F]CB251

Kim, Ga Ram,Paeng, Jin Chul,Jung, Jae Ho,Moon, Byung Seok,Lopalco, Antonio,Denora, Nunzio,Lee, Byung Chul,Kim, Sang Eun MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.1

<P>Overexpression of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is closely linked to inflammatory responses in the heart, including myocarditis, which can lead to myocardial necrosis. In vivo assessment of inflammatory responses has enabled the precise diagnosis of myocarditis to improve clinical outcomes. Here, we evaluated TSPO overexpression in a rat model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) compared to healthy rats using two TSPO radiotracers, [<SUP>18</SUP>F]fluoromethyl-PBR28 ([<SUP>18</SUP>F]<B>1</B>) and [<SUP>18</SUP>F]CB251 ([<SUP>18</SUP>F]<B>2</B>). All radiolabeling methods were successfully applied to an automated module for the reproducible preparation of TSPO radiotracers. Both radiotracers were directly compared in an EAM rat model, as well as in healthy rats to determine whether either radiotracer provides a more promising assessment of in vivo TSPO overexpression. [<SUP>18</SUP>F]<B>2</B> provided more specific TSPO-uptake in the heart of the EAM rats (1.32-fold that of the heart-to-lung uptake ratio versus healthy controls), while [<SUP>18</SUP>F]<B>1</B> did not show a significant difference between the two groups. Histopathological characterization revealed that a prominent positron emission tomography (PET) signal of [<SUP>18</SUP>F]<B>2</B> in the EAM rats corresponded to the presence of a higher density of TSPO compared to the healthy controls. These results suggest that the imidazole[1,2-a]pyridine-based radiotracer [<SUP>18</SUP>F]<B>2</B> is a sensitive tool for noninvasively diagnosing myocarditis related to inflammation of the heart muscle by assessing abnormal TSPO expression.</P>

Differential Morphological, Structural and Biological Characteristics of Cysts in Heterodera Species in Korea

Ga Ram Han,Heonil Kang,In Soo Choi,Donggeun Kim,Hye Young Yun,Young Ho Kim 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.6

Morphological (cyst shape, color, and sizes [length (L), maximum width (W), volume and “a” (L/W)]), structural (vulvar cone slope angle [VCSA], surface wrinkle [VCSW], cyst wall thickness, composition, and texture) and biological characteristics (fecundity, hatching, and emergence [number of second-stage juveniles (J2) from a cyst]) in preceding Heterodera glycines (Hg), currently- recorded H. sojae (Hs) and H. trifolii (Ht) were examined by microscopy. Cysts were lemon-shaped, indicating the genus is Heterodera except for Hs that formed frequently globular cysts with significantly flatter VCSA (102.2°) with smooth VCSW than Hg (50.6°) and Ht (82.0°), but not genus Globodera because of the presence of vulvar cone in Hs. Ht was significantly larger in all morphological characteristics than Hg and Hs, suggesting Ht may be diagnosed differentially by cyst sizes and also host plant preferences. Hs showed smaller “a” value with more globular shape and stronger structures with more thickened and strengthened collagen-like texture of cyst wall than Hg and Ht. This suggests Hs may be diagnosed differently by structural characteristics from the others, especially Hg with similar cyst sizes. There were no significant differences in emergence (inoculum potential) among cyst nematodes due to the offset of fecundity and hatching rate; however, the inoculum potential of Hs may be not so persistent as Hg and Ht in fields because of its lower fecundity and higher hatching rate (causing rapid inoculum loss) than the others. These characteristics of cysts provide information useful for simple and differential diagnoses and reliable management of cyst nematodes.

FC 2-4 Improved methods for selective cryolipolysis results in subcutaneous fat layer reduction in a porcine model

( Ga Ram Ahn ),( Hyun Jung Kwon ),( Yu Jin Jang ),( Eun Ja Choi ),( Hee Su Kim ),( Kap Sok Li ),( Myeung Nam Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2

Background: Cryolipolysis is a noninvasive method for the selective reduction of localized fat tissues. It has demonstrated efficacy in both clinical and preclinical trials; however, despite its popularity, its mechanisms of action and evaluation methods are not yet fully defined. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to improved methods for cryolipolysis using a porcine model. Methods: The abdomens of female Prestige World Genetics (PWG) micro-pigs were treated with a cooling device (CRYOLIPO II™), and we examined photography, three-dimensional photography, ultrasound, gross, and microscopic pathology, and serum lipid level analyses in order to determine the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of the device. Results: CRYOLIPO II™ reduced abdominal fat in porcine model. Gross and microscopic histological results confirmed the noninvasive cold-induced selective subcutaneous fat destruction, and showed increases in pre-adipocyte differentiation and in the activation of lipid catabolism. In particular, we found that the device may increase PPARδ (delta) levels in adipose tissue at 30.60 days post-treatment. Conclusion: Fat reduction by cryolipolysis was achieved in our porcine model. Thus, our findings indicate that CRYOLIPO II™ may be a promising fat reduction device for body contouring and fat reduction in humans, and that cryolipolysis exerts its effects, at least partly, by targeting the PPARδ signaling pathway.

[P001] Combination treatment of propranolol, minocycline, and tranexamic acid for effective control of rosacea

( Ga Ram Ahn ),( Yeon A No ),( Sun Young Choi ),( Beom Joon Kim ),( Myeung Nam Kim ),( Chang Kwun Hong ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that usually affects the central portion of the face. Although there is no curative treatment for rosacea, tetracycline has been the mainstay therapy. A 37-year-old female was referred to our department presenting with erythematous scaly patches and pustules on the face. She had been treated for rosacea with oral antihistamine, topical metronidazole, and 595nm-pulsed-dye laser therapy. However, the symptoms had not improved despite the treatments and eventually worsened. We treated the patient with an oral combination of propranolol, minocycline, and tranexamic acid and noticeable improvement of erythema and subjective symptoms was noted. Although the exact mechanisms and possible interactions of the triple combination treatment are not yet known, it suggest that this therapeutic regimen may be a possible strategy for treatment of rosacea. Herein, we report a case of successful treatment of rosacea with propranolol, minocycline and tranexamic acid.

[FCT 11] The utility of color doppler ultrasound to explore vascular complications following filler injection

( Ga Ram Ahn ),( Hyun Jung Kwon ),( Eun Jung Ko ),( Kapsok Li ),( Beom Joon Kim ),( Myeung Nam Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

As the popularity of dermal fillers has grown rapidly in recent years, the number of complications has been also increased. Among them, vascular compromise following filler injection is a major, emergent complication causing an embolism or external compression that impedes blood flow. Since various dermal fillers are recognizable with ultrasound, presenting different patterns of echogenicity and posterior acoustic artefacts, ultrasonography is regarded as an ideal diagnostic instrument to evaluate filler complications. A 42-year-old female presented to with discoloration, pain on her right cheek occurred after hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection on right nasolabial fold. A Doppler ultrasound examination showed a hypoechoic pseudocyst compressing the near vessel. Under guidance with ultrasound, hyaluronidase was immediately injected into the pseudocyst. Following additional treatment including sublingual nitroglycerin and low-dose aspirin administration, saline soaking, topical antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, 833-nm LED irradiation, and occlusive dressing, the skin lesions were completely resolved without any scarring or defect. Herein, we report a case of vascular filler complication which emphasizes the usefulness of Doppler ultrasound for proper evaluation and management., r,

Analysis of tumor markers in cytological fluid obtained from computed tomography-guided needle aspiration biopsies for the diagnosis of ground-glass opacity pulmonary lesions.

Kim, Ga Ram,Hur, Jin,Lee, Hye-Jeong,Nam, Ji Eun,Kim, Young Jin,Hong, Yoo Jin,Shim, Hyo Sup,Kim, Hee Yeong,Lee, Ji Won,Choi, Byoung Wook The American Cancer Society by Liss-Wiley, a subsi 2013 Cancer cytopathology Vol.121 No.4

<P>The purpose of this study was to assess whether analyses of tumor markers in cytological fluid can improve the performance of computed tomography (CT)-guided needle aspiration biopsy (NAB) for the diagnosis of ground-glass opacity (GGO) pulmonary lesions.</P>