12 경락(經絡)의 속성(屬性)과 운동변화(運動變化)의 경향성(傾向性)을 파악(把握)하기 위한 연구(硏究)

석동윤 ( Dong Yun Shuk ),최찬헌 ( Chan Hun Choi ),장경선 ( Kyeong Seon Jang ) 대한경락경혈학회 2000 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study is to understand the special character and the tendency of the movement change that 12 meridians possess. We studied about the incidental and fundamental rule of the six atmospheric influence that was presented by Pyobonjoong(the incidental, fundamental, intermediate) theory, and the Hwang won-uh`s the Six Channel activity of the Qi theory that presented movement form of the meridian through the six atmospheric influence. Then we found the following substances. The Pyobonjoong(the incidental, fundamental, intermediate) theory is applicable to understand the special character and the tendency of the movement change that Meridians possess. But, because the Pyobonjoong(the incidental, fundamental, intermediate) theory can`t classify the characteristic difference of the hand and foot meridians, then the principle that can devide the meridians of the hand and foot, must be supplied. The Jungwha(right changing)-Daewha(opposite changing) theory is able to concretely classify the special character of the hand and foot six meridians. And Hwang`s Shawha(superintending change)-Jongwha(following change) theory that is base on Jungwha(right changing)-Daewha(opposite changing) theory, is able to classify the special character of the hand and foot six meridians, too. If the concept of the Meridians is understood by the Shawha(superintending change)-Jongwha (following change) theory, the special character of the hand and foot six meridians could be concretely classified and then the meridian of the Bowels and the six atmospheric influence corresponded to the meridians could be expansively explained as the point that take charge and control these special Qi in the human body The Bon-Qi(fundamental Qi) act on the special character of Shawha(superintending change) six meridians and the tendency of the movement change is cause by the insufficiency and excessiveness of the Bon-Qi(fundamental Qi). The Qi of the Shawha(superintending change) meridians act on the special character of Jongwha(following change) six meridians and the tendency of the movement change is cause by the exuberance of Yang and the deficiency of Yang.

Development of a QA phantom and protocol for proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Woo, Dong-Cheol,Choi, Chi-Bong,Kim, Sang-Soo,Rhim, Hyang-Shuk,Jahng, Geon-Ho,Baek, Hyeon-Man,Nalcioglu, Orhan,Choe, Bo-Young Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Concepts in magnetic resonance. Part B, Magnetic r Vol.b35 No.3

<P>The purpose of this study was to develop a special proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) phantom, to establish and verify a quality assurance (QA) protocol, and to perform QA for a MR system. For a complete QA protocol, seven principal quality factors (PQFs) were measured. For evaluation of localization and quantification accuracy, two PQFs which are difficult to measure in commercial phantoms, we developed the layered dumbbell-shaped phantom. The performance sensitivity of our phantom was determined as a function of the voxel size on three occasions over ∼1 year. All MRS QA factors were optimized on two different MRI/MRS systems. The correlation between the metabolite signal intensity and the metabolite concentration was verified. The seven principal MRS QA factors studied can be used to evaluate MR spectra as well as to measure the stability of MR systems. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 168–179, 2009</P>

철도차량의 승강장 통과 시 발생하는 공기역학적 영향에 대한 실험적 연구(기존철도역 현장 시험)

김동현(Dong-Hyeon Kim),권혁빈(Hyeok-Bin Kwon),김문헌(Moon Hun Kim),송문석(Moon Shuk Song),김도훈(Do Hoon Kim) 한국철도학회 2004 철도저널 Vol.7 No.2

A series of filed tests have been performed to investigate the aerodynamic effects on platform of the railway station during the passage of train that can be unpleasant and even dangerous to the pedestrians. To assess the aerodynamic effects on the platform, two aerodynamic properties has been measured; one is the wind gust induced by the train and the other is the pressure pulses generated when the nose and the tail of train passes. To measure these aerodynamic properties during the train passage, and array of hot-wire type anemometers and several sets of pressure transducers have been used, respectively. This paper deals with the filed test on conventional railway at about 100km/h operational speed, in which total 34 measurements has been made at the Bugok station in Seoul-Busan line for Saemaul-ho and Mugungwha-ho train. The results showed dramatic differences in the aerodynamic features between the two trains that are supposed to originate form the contrasting nose shapes of the trains.

Regional Absolute Quantification of the Neurochemical Profile of the Canine Brain: Investigation by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Tissue Extraction

Woo, Dong-Cheol,Choi, Chi-Bong,Lee, Sung-Ho,Bang, Eunjung,Kim, Sang-Soo,Rhim, Hyang-Shuk,Kim, Sang-Young,Choe, Bo-Young Springer-Verlag 2010 Applied magnetic resonance Vol.38 No.1

Metabolic Alterations of the Zebrafish Brain after Acute Alcohol Treatment by¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Woo, Dong-Cheol,Kim, Goo-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Bang, Eunjung,Rhim, Hyang-Shuk,Kim, Sang-Young,Lee, Do-Wan,Choi, Chi-Bong,Seoung, Youl-Hun,Choe, Bo-Young Hindawi Limited 2013 Journal of spectroscopy Vol.2013 No.-

<P>The purpose of this study is to investigate the metabolic alterations associated with acute alcohol treatment in zebrafish by<SUP>1</SUP>H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS). The brain metabolism of zebrafish was investigated after acute alcohol treatment (one-hour long exposure of adult fish to 0.00%, 0.25%, 0.50%, or 1.00% ethyl alcohol) with whole brain extraction. The results of this study showed that glutamate (Glu) was significantly decreased, scyllo-inositol (sIns) showed a small apparent increase only in the highest acute treatment dose group, and myoinositol (mIns) showed a significant decrease. [Glu]/[tCr] and [mIns]/[tCr] levels were significantly reduced regardless of the alcohol dose, and [sIns]/[tCr] was increased in the highest alcohol treatment dose group. The present NMR study revealed that specific metabolites, such as Glu and mIns, were substantially decreased in case of acute alcohol exposed zebrafish brain.</P>

Yukmijihwang-tang Inhibits Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand–Induced Osteoclast Differentiation

Ki-Shuk Shim,마충제,Dong-Seon Kim,Jin Yeul Ma 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.11

Yukmijihwang-tang (YMT) is a traditional herbal medicine known to enhance memory in brain injury models. The aims of this study were to evaluate the inhibitory effect of YMT on osteoclast differentiation and to determine its molecular mechanism of action. YMT dose-dependently inhibited receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction showed that YMT significantly decreased RANKL-induced expression of osteoclast differentiation-specific genes (TRAP, matrix metalloproteinase-9, cathepsin K, and the d2 isoform of vacuolar ATPase V0 domain). Furthermore, YMT inhibited RANKL-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38), phosphorylation of I-κBα, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, and the expression of transcription factors Fra-2 and nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1. Furthermore, YMT inhibited the bone-resorptive activity of differentiated osteoclasts, suggesting that YMT inhibits osteoclast differentiation by suppressing RANKL-induced signaling molecules and transcription factors that affect the regulation of genes for osteoclast differentiation. As such, YMT may have therapeutic potential in bone diseases.

Hwangryun-Haedok-Tang Fermented with <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> Suppresses Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss

Shim, Ki-Shuk,Kim, Taesoo,Ha, Hyunil,Cho, Chang-Won,Kim, Han Sung,Seo, Dong-Hyun,Ma, Jin Yeul Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2012 No.-

<P>Hwangryun-haedok-tang (HRT) is the common recipe in traditional Asian medicine, and microbial fermentation is used for the conventional methods for processing traditional medicine. We investigated the inhibitory effect of the <I>n</I>-butanol fraction of HRT (HRT-BU) and fHRT (fHRT-BU) on the RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in bone-marrow-derived macrophages. mRNA expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes were evaluated by real-time QPCR. The activation of signaling pathways was determined by western blot analysis. The marker compounds of HRT-BU and fHRT-BU were analyzed by HPLC. The inhibitory effect of HRT or fHRT on ovariectomy-induced bone loss were evaluated using OVX rats with orally administered HRT, fHRT (300, 1000 mg/kg), or its vehicle for 12 weeks. fHRT-BU significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, and phosphorylation of p38, IKK<I><I>α</I></I>/<I><I>β</I></I>, and NF-<I><I>κ</I></I>Bp65 compared to HRT-BU. In addition, fHRT-BU also significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of Nf<I><I>κ</I></I>b2, TNF-<I><I>α</I></I>, NFATc1, TRAP, ATPv0d2, and cathepsin K. Furthermore, administration of fHRT had a greater effect on the increase of BMD, and greater improved bone microstructure of the femora than that of HRT in ovariectomy rats. This study demonstrated that bacterial fermentation enhances the inhibitory effect of HRT on osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. These results suggest that fermented HRT might have the beneficial effects on bone disease by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.</P>

기존선 열차가 승강장을 통과할 때 발생하는 공기역학적인 문제들에 대한 기초실험 연구

김동현(Kim Dong Hyeon),신민호(Shin Min Ho),권현구(Kwon Hyun Goo),송문석(Song Moon Shuk) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.4

Measurements of wind flow and pressure fluctuations induced by train passing on station platform have been conducted. Test conventional trains have a different nose shapes-bluff nose and wedged nose. The bluff nose train influence peak value of pressure fulctuations on station platform three times more than the wedged nose train for train speed of 108 km/h. Also, air flow induced by the bluff nose train passing is three times more than the wedged nose train passing. Current study shows that the gust induced by the bluff nose conventional train may threaten a passenger's safety on station platform in proximity to train passage.

철도차량의 승강장 통과 시 발생하는 공기역학적 영향에 대한 실험적 연구 : 기존철도역 현장 시험

김동현(Kim Dong-Hyeon),권혁빈(Kwon Hyeok-Bin),송문석(Song Moon-Shuk),김도훈(Kim Do-Hoon) 한국철도학회 2004 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

A series of filed tests have been performed to investigate the aerodynamic effects on platform of the railway station during the passage of train that can be unpleasant and even dangerous to the pedestrians. To assess the aerodynamic effects on the platform, two aerodynamic properties has been measured; one is the wind gust induced by the train and the other is the pressure pulses generated when the nose and the tail of train passes. To measure these aerodynamic properties during the train passage, an array of hot-wire type anemometers and several sets of pressure transducers have been used, respectively. This paper deals with the filed test on conventional railway at about 100㎞/h operational speed, in which total 34 measurements has been made at the Bugok station in Seoul-Busan line for Saemaul and Mugungwha train. The results showed dramatic differences in the aerodynamic features between the two trains that are supposed to originate from the contrasting nose shapes of the trains.

12 경락(經絡)의 속성(屬性)과 운동변화(運動變化)의 경향성(傾向性)을 파악(把握)하기 위한 연구(硏究)

석동윤,최찬헌,장경선,Shuk Dong-Yun,Choi Chan-Hun,Jang Kyeong-Seon 경락경혈학회 2000 대한침구의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study is to understand the special character and the tendency of the movement change that 12 meridians possess. We studied about the incidental and fundamental rule of the six atmospheric influence that was presented by Pyobonjoong(the incidental, fundamental, intermediate) theory, and the Hwang won-uh's the Six Channel activity of the Qi theory that presented movement form of the meridian through the six atmospheric influence. Then we found the following substances. The Pyobonjoong(the incidental, fundamental, intermediate) theory is applicable to understand the special character and the tendency of the movement change that Meridians possess. But, because the Pyobonjoong(the incidental, fundamental, intermediate) theory can't classify the characteristic difference of the hand and foot meridians, then the principle that can devide the meridians of the hand and foot, must be supplied. The Jungwha(right changing)-Daewha(opposite changing) theory is able to concretely classify the special character of the hand and foot six meridians. And Hwang's Shawha(superintending change)-Jongwha(following change) theory that is base on Jungwha(right changing)-Daewha(opposite changing) theory, is able to classify the special character of the hand and foot six meridians, too. If the concept of the Meridians is understood by the Shawha(superintending change)-Jongwha(following change) theory, the special character of the hand and foot six meridians could be concretely classified and then the meridian of the Bowels and the six atmospheric influence corresponded to the meridians could be expansively explained as the point that take charge and control these special Qi in the human body The Bon-Qi(fundamental Qi) act on the special character of Shawha(superintending change) six meridians and the tendency of the movement change is cause by the insufficiency and excessiveness of the Bon-Qi(fundamental Qi). The Qi of the Shawha(superintending change) meridians act on the special character of Jongwha(following change) six meridians and the tendency of the movement change is cause by the exuberance of Yang and the deficiency of Yang.