신도시 개발에 따른 도시구조 변화의 분석

임동일(Dong-Il Lim) 한국콘텐츠학회 2008 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.8 No.10

1990년~1995년에 걸쳐 건설된 일산신도시에 의해 농촌지역인 고양군은 불과 15년 만에 대도시로 급성장했으며, 인구는 물론 산업기능도 급속히 증가하였다. 일산신도시의 개발 이전인 1990년부터 개발 후 10년이 지난 2005년까지 고양시의 읍ㆍ면ㆍ동별 인구 및 가구, 산업체와 종사자의 변화를 통해서 고양시의 공간구조의 변화를 파악한 결과, 신도시의 개발로 인하여 신도심지역의 도심성이 강화되고 구도심을 형성하는 1~2개 동에 집중되었던 산업기능은 구도심 주변으로 확대되는 경향을 보였다. 또한 기존의 4개 구도심은 일산신도시의 개발로 인하여 신도시와 함께 도심기능이 강화되거나, 도심형 산업이 감소하면서 소규모 상업시설 중심의 부도심격으로 쇠퇴, 신도시개발의 영향을 비교적 적게 받아 전체 도시의 성장에 따라 성장하는 형태를 보였다. 결과적으로, 신도시의 개발은 구도심의 전반적인 쇠퇴보다는 신ㆍ구도심 간 새로운 기능적 관계를 형성함으로써 전반적인 도시구조를 변화시키는 것으로 밝혀졌다. Go-Yang city, rural region by the 1980s, had rapidly grown to the big city for only 15 years because of Il-San new town development which was developed during 1990~1995. So the population and industrial function were greatly increased too. The change of urban spatial structure was grasped by tracing the distribution of population, household and industries of Go-Yang city during 1990~2005. The new urban center had grown to the center of the whole city, while the industries of existing centers were extended to the neighbor areas. The existing centers had been changed into 3 types - (1) changed into a part of new urban center, (2) declined to sub-center with small merchant facilities. (3) continuously grown wih the development of whole city. As a result, a new town development had changed the urban structure by creating new functional relationships among the existing and new centers rather the existing centers had declined.

Effect of Feed Selenium-lysine Supplementation on Milk Compositions and Serum Biochemical Indices in Saanen Dairy Goats

Tae-Il Kim,Dong-Hyun Lim,Tai-Young Hur,Seung-Min Ha,Hyun-Jong Kim,Seong-Min Park,Ji-Hoo Park,Sang-Bum Kim,Ji-Hwan Lee,Hyun-Joo Lim,Jeong-Sung Jung,Ha-Yeon Jeong,Jay Lee,Kwang-Seok Ki,Vijayakumar Mayak 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2019 농업생명과학연구 Vol.53 No.4

An experiment was carried out to assess the effect of feed selenium-lysine (Se-Lys) supplementation on milk compositions and serum biochemical indices in Saanen dairy goats in Korea. A total of twelve 36 months old Saanen lactating dairy goats (47±6.21 kg) fed the similar dry matter intake twice a day at 2% of BW (DMI) (10.9% moisture of concentrate and 19% moisture of roughage), milk yield (2.5 kg/d) and parity (2) were randomly selected and subjected for the present study, divided into two groups with six goats in each group. The goats in the control group received rice hulls (10 g/ day) only, and did not receive Se-Lys; goats in the treatment group were fed 0.06 g of Se-Lys with 10 g of rice hulls every day before feeding roughage for six weeks. The milk sample was collected every week, and its compositions were analyzed. The results of the present study showed that there is no significantly increased milk production in Se-Lys treated group goats when compared with control group goats. But, Se-Lys treatment significantly increased the milk protein content (3.98±0.16%), fat (3.72±0.27%), lactose (4.07±0.14%), total solids (12.51±0.28%) and urea (14.42±1.45 mg/dl) content as compared to the control group goats (p<0.05). The somatic cell counts (207,740±28.81 cells/ml) were significantly lower in the Se-Lys treated group than in the control group (p<0.05). Also, the results of the current study showed that supplementation of Se-Lys were significantly decreased the blood biochemical indices of IL-6 (34.34±6.04 pg/ml), TNT-α (0.56±0.22 ng/ml), MDA (5.07±1.03 ng/ml), GPx-1 (9.07±5.17 ng/ml), sCD4 (2.64±1.02 ng/ml) and sCD8 (5.08±2.08 ng/ml) level when compared with without addition of Se-Lys group dairy goats (p<0.05). On the other hand, the selenoprotein P (1,580.18±127.62 ng/ml) level was significantly higher in Se-Lys supplemented group than in the control group (p<0.05). Based on the study results, it was concluded that feed Se-Lys supplementation may improve milk yield with positively improved protein, fat, lactose, total solids, urea content, and biochemical indices without negative effects on milk production traits.

Triptolide suppresses interleukin-1beta-induced human beta-defensin-2 mRNA expression through inhibition of transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB in A549 cells.

Jang, Byeong-Churl,Lim, Ki-Jo,Choi, In-Hak,Suh, Min-Ho,Park, Jong-Gu,Mun, Kyo-Chul,Bae, Jae-Hoon,Shin, Dong-Hoon,Suh, Seong-Il D.A. Spandidos 2007 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.19 No.5

<P>The immunosuppressive effect of triptolide has been associated with suppression of T-cell activation. However, the immunosuppressive effects of triptolide on innate immunity in the epithelial barrier remain to be elucidated. Human beta-defensin (HBD)-2 is an inducible antimicrobial peptide and plays an important role in the innate immunity. We have previously demonstrated that IL-1beta induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in A549 cells through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcriptional factor as well as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), or phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). In this study, we investigated effects of triptolide on IL-1beta-induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in A549 cells. Triptolide inhibited IL-1beta-induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of triptolide did not suppress activation of p38 MAPK, JNK, or PI3K in response to IL-1beta. Triptolide inhibited IL-1beta-induced MAPK phosphatase-1 expression at the transcriptional level and resulted in sustained phosphorylation of JNK or p38 MAPK, explaining the little effect of triptolide on IL-1beta-induced phosphorylation of these kinases. Although triptolide partially suppressed IL-1beta-mediated degradation of IkappaB-alpha and nuclear translocation of p65 NF-kappaB, triptolide potently inhibited NF-kappaB promoter-driven luciferase activity in A549 cells. These results collectively suggest that the inhibitory effect of triptolide on IL-1beta-induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in A549 cells seems to be at least in part mediated through nuclear inhibition of NF-kappaB transcriptional activity, but not inhibition of p38 MAPK, JNK, or PI3K. This inhibition may explain the ability of triptolide to diminish innate immune response.</P>

Preventive Effects of a Probiotic Mixture in an Ovalbumin-Induced Food Allergy Model

( Hee-soon Shin ),( Ji-eun Eom ),( Dong-uk Shin ),( Sung-hum Yeon ),( Seong-il Lim ),( So-young Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.1

Although there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of food allergies worldwide in recent decades, no effective therapeutic strategies have been developed. Modulation of the gut microbiota composition and/or function through probiotics has been highlighted as a promising target for protection against food allergies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the allergy-reducing effects of a probiotic mixture (P5: Lactococcus lactis KF140, Pediococcus pentosaceus KF159, Lactobacillus pentosus KF340, Lactobacillus paracasei 698, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 26N) in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food allergy. Administration of P5 significantly suppressed the oral OVA challenge-induced anaphylactic response and rectal temperature decline, and reduced diarrhea symptoms. Moreover, P5 also significantly inhibited the secretion of IgE, Th2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13), and Th17 cytokines (IL-17), which were increased in mice with OVA-induced food allergy, and induced generation of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. These results revealed that P5 may have applications as a preventive agent against food allergy.

Case Reports : Appearance of Psoriasis after Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Blocker and Use of Ustekinumab or Tocilizumab for Refractory Monoarthritis

( Jinyoung Moon ),( Nakwon Kwak ),( Jin Lim ),( Dong Jin Go ),( Jae Hyun Lee ),( Jin Kyun Park ),( Eun Bong Lee ),( Yeong Wook Song ),( Jai Il Youn ),( Eun Young Lee ) 대한류마티스학회 2015 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Nowadays, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) blockers are used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and psoriasis. Paradoxically, there are some reports on the appearance of psoriasis after administration of TNF-α blockers. Here, we report on a patient with monoarthritis in a knee joint who experienced psoriasis after TNF-α blocker therapy (adalimumab and etanercept). Oral medication was not a treatment option due to patient intolerance; thus, we tried ustekinumab, an anti-interleukin (IL)-12/23 monoclonal antibody used for treatment of psoriasis. Following ustekinumab injection, psoriatic skin lesions and joint symptoms were much improved. However, in the following period, joint pain and swelling became aggravated and synovial fluid cytokine levels including IL-6 and IL-17 were elevated. The treatment was changed to tocilizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor. After injection, knee joint swelling rapidly subsided without worsening of psoriatic skin lesions. (J Rheum Dis 2015;22:263-268)

아토피 피부염 모델에 대한 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 Lactobacillus plantarum LM1004의 면역 조절 효과

김인성(In Sung Kim),김성학(Sung Hak Kim),김정아(Jeong A Kim),유다윤(Da Yoon Yu),김광일(Gwang Il Kim),박동찬(Dong-Chan Park),임종민(Jong Min Lim),이상석(Sang Suk Lee),최인순(In Soon Choi),조광근(Kwang Keun Cho) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구에서는 아토피 피부염 동물 모델에 대한 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004의 면역조절 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 가려움증의 횟수와 유출된 evans blue, 그리고 혈청 IgE와 histamine의 농도는 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004를 섭취한 그룹에서 아토피 피부염 유발그룹에 비해 유의적으로 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 아토피 피부염이 유발되면 전사 수준에서 Th2 및 Th17 세포의 전사인자 및 cytokine은 과발현되며, β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004를 섭취하였을 때 이를 유의적으로 감소되었다. 또한 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004는 Th1 및 Treg 세포의 전사인자(T-bet, GATA-3, RORγT, Foxp3) 및 cytokine (INF-γ, IL-4, IL-17, TGF-β)의 발현을 증가시킴으로써 면역 균형을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. Galectin-9과 filaggrin은 아토피 피부염 유발 처리군에서 유의적으로 가장 낮았으며, β-1,3/1,6-glucan 처리군에서 유의적으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 이와 반대로 TSLP는 아토피 피부염 유발그룹에서 유의적으로 가장 높았으며 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004를 섭취한 그룹은 대조군과 유사한 수준이었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004는 아토피 피부염 동물 모델에서 면역조절 작용 및 아토피 피부염의 개선 효과를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 β-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004는 아토피 피부염에 유용한 천연소재로서 사용될 것으로 기대된다. In this study, we examined the efficacy of the immune regulation of β-1,3/1,6-glucan and Lactobacillus plantarum LM1004 on atopic dermatitis models. The oral administration of β-1,3/1,6-glucan and L. plantarum LM1004 on mice significantly decreased the amount of scratching, leakage to evans blue, and concentrations of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine compared with the atopic dermatitis–induced group. When atopic dermatitis was induced, the transcription factors (GATA-3, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γ T [RORγT]) and cytokines (interleukin-4 [IL-4], IL-17) of Th2 and Th17 cells were overexpressed at the transcriptional level, and they significantly decreased with oral administration of β-1,3/1,6-glucan and L. plantarum LM1004. In addition, β-1,3/1,6-glucan and L. plantarum LM1004 were shown to modulate the immune balance by increasing the expression of Th1 and Treg transcription (T-bet, forkhead box p3 [Foxp3]) and cytokines (interferon-γ [IFN-γ], transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]). Galectin-9 and filaggrin were significantly lower in the atopic dermatitis–induced group and significantly higher in the β-1,3/1,6-glucan-treated group. In contrast, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was highest in the atopic dermatitis–induced group, while mice that were orally administered β-1,3/1,6-glucan and L. plantarum LM1004 showed similar TSLP levels to the control group. These results indicate that β-1,3/1,6-glucan and L. plantarum LM1004 have immunomodulatory effects and atopic dermatitis improvement effects in an animal model of atopic dermatitis. Therefore, it is expected that β-1,3/1,6-glucan and L. plantarum LM1004 can be used as natural materials in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

성장기 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 고정식 교정 치료 후의 안정성

임용규,이주나,김정일,이동렬 대한치과교정학회 2004 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.34 No.4

본 연구에서는 성장기 골격성 Ⅲ급 부정 교합 환자의 치료 전 측모 두부방사선 계측사진에서 얻을 수 있는 골격성, 치성 분석을 통하여 안정군과 재발군을 구별하여 주는 요소를 찾아 보아 Ⅲ급 부정 교합의 치료시 안정성을 고려한 치료 선택에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 고정식 교정 장치를 통한 전치부 반대 교합 혹은 절단 교합의 골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합 치료 후 최소 1년 동안 안정된 결과를 보인 안정군 33명과 관찰 기간 동안 절단 교합 이하의 수평 피개를 보인 재발군 22명을 연구 대상으로 하여 비교하였으며, t-test를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 전후방적 골격 형태보다는 수직적 형태, 특히 AB-maxillo-mandibular triangle내의 수직적 형태가 Ⅲ급 부정 교합 치료의 예후에 주요한 결정 인자로 나타났다. 수직 각도 계측 항목에 의한 안정군과 재발군간의 비교에서 유의성 있는 차이를 보인 항목은 AB-MP, ODI로 나타났다(P<0.01). 수직 비율 계측 항목에서도 MP-P/AL, PP-P/AL항목이 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 2. 재발의 경향은 교합 평면 특히, 하악 교합 평면이 전하방으로 급경사를 이룰수록 증가했다. 교합 평면 경사도와 관련된 계측 항목에 의한 안정군과 재발군간의 비교에서 OP(L)-PP, OP-PP, AB-PP(L), Wits appraisal 항목이 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 본 연구는 전후방 부조화가 아닌 골격성, 치성 수직 부조화가 재발을 예측하는 적절한 기준이 됨을 시사하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of relapse in orthodontic treatment of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion in growing patients. A total of 55 patients were studied and all subjects were divided into two groups according to their stability in the post-treatment stage. Of the sample, 33 patients were included in the stable group and the remaining 22 were assigned to the relapse group. Cephalometric data of the pre-treatment stage was taken and compared between the stable and relapse group. The following results were obtained through t-test: 1. This study presented statistical evidence to show that the major skeletal determinant of prognosis in Class Ⅲ orthodontic treatment was not anteroposterior discrepancy but vertical discrepancy, especially within the AB-maxillo-mandibular triangle. Vertical angular measurements that showed statistically significant differences were AB-NIP and ODI(P<0.01) and the vertical ratio measurements were NIP-P/AL and PP-P/AL(P<0.05). 2. Relapse tendency increased with the steep occlusal plane, especially the steep lower occlusal plane. As to occlusal plane, there were statistically significant differences in OP(L)-PP, OP-PP, AB-OP(L) and Wits appraisal(P<0.05). This study claimed that anteroposterior discrepancy was not necessarily the proper criteria to predict relapse. Vertical discrepancy had a significant effect on post-treatment stability.

DSP를 이용한 RZ SSB Linearizer 의 구현

林東民,金榮一 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1994 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The real-zero single sideband (RZ SSB) scheme combines the two conventional technologies: SSB signaling and FM detection, which make RZ SSB highly spectrum efficient and greatly immune to fading in the crowded mobile radio services. Due to the inherent nonlinearity in the RZ SSB scheme, however, considerable amounts of intermodulation distortion are included in the demodulated sigal. An RZ SSB linearizer to remove the distortions is implemented using DSP and the results are presented to show the effectiveness of the linearizer.

응급실에 내원한 약물중독환자의 지역별 비교분석

임근우,박일영,유승진,나병호,오동렬,전해명,황주일,김세경 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

We reviewed retrospectively 230 patients who came to emergency room of Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital and Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital between 1. January and 31. December 1994. We classified them according to their age, sex, a sort of drug, the cause of poisoning, prehospital care, time-lapse to arrive at hospital after poisoning, psychiatric problem the status of patients. *We conclude as follows; 1. The male to female ratio was totally 1 : 1.98, 1 : 1.24 in a urban area, 1 : 2.43 in a rural area. 2. On age of the patients in this study, the peake incidence was between 20 and 39(55.2%). 3. On seasonal prevalence, the poisoning was most common in summer and spring, in urban area(35.7%) and rural area(37.0%) respectively. 4. The common drug were as follow; Doxylamine, Organophosphate, Acetaminophen in urban area, Paraquat, Organophospate, Doxylamine in rural area 5. The percentage of suicidal attempt were 81.8% and 87.7% in urban area and rural area respectively. 6. The poisoning patients had psychatric problem in 19.4% and 24.6%, in urban area and rural area respectively. 7. Before arrival to emergency room, 27.7% of patient was done prehospital care in rural area. 8. On arrival to emergency room, 95.1% and 73.8% of patients show stable vital sign in urban area and rural area respectively.

자연정화공법에 의한 인공습지 하수처리장에서 최적 수생식물의 선정

서동철,장병일,조인성,임석천,이홍재,조주식,김홍출,허종수 한국환경농학회 2006 한국환경농학회지 Vol.25 No.1