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Dong‑Geun Seo,Jeong‑Soo Park,Gun ‑Ki Lee,Wang‑Sang Lee 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.4
In this paper, a lightweight printed dipole antenna array with 3×2 beamforming network for wide unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication coverage is presented. The proposed antenna consists of an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and two supports with a microstrip feeding. The upper substrate has a two-element printed dipole antenna array, and the lower substrate includes a beamforming feeding circuit and a ground plane as a refector of the proposed antenna array for gain improvement. For wide beam coverage, the proposed feeding network consists of three RF switches, one Wilkinson power divider, and one 90° hybrid coupler, and generates the wide beam using one broadside beam and two end-fre beams. Measured impedance bandwidth, peak gain, and half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of the proposed array operated from 5.03 to 5.15 GHz are approximately 2 GHz, 4.3 dBi, and 155°, respectively.
동종 조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 크립토콕쿠스 척추염 1예
고윤호,임동준,이성수,조유경,이동건,최정현,김유진,민창기,김동욱,박정미,김춘추,신완식 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4
Skeletal cryptococcosis is an uncommon infection. Cryptococcus is a common cause of meningitis and infects 7∼10% of patients with AIDS. As well as AIDS, the infection may be seen in association with leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and diabetes, also in patients on steroid medication. But there is no case report of skeletal cryptococcosis following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A 40-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of low back pain. She had chronic myelogenous leukemia for 2 years and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 8 months ago. She have been treated with steroid and cyclosporine orally because of chronic graft versus host disease. On examination she was afebrile and had posterior lower lumbar tenderness. But, she had no reduced strength of low extremities. Open biopsy was underwent. Histology demonstrated budding, round-to-oval, refractile yeast-like organisms within debris. The results of a lumbar puncture were unremarkable and cerebrospinal fluid culture failed to grow bacteria and yeast. The patient was treated with amphotericin B (1 gram) and AmBisome□ (2.8 gram) over 6 weeks. Three months after cessation of therapy, the patient was doing well.(Korean J Infect Dis 33:298∼301, 2001)
류황건,김수정,이동은 고신대학교 영도발전연구소 2003 영도연구 Vol.5 No.-
The importance of volunteering service activity has greatly come to the front as a value to comprehensive politics, economy, society and culture and supplement. On 'the year of world volunteers', the organized 'Korea Commission' is in active service, and ahead of the 2002 Korean and Japanese World Cup, many efforts are being made for enacting 'the Support Law of Volunteering Service Activity' while the boom of volunteering activity is formed. The purpose of this study was to improve the volunteer activities in Yeongdo-Gu, Busan. The surveys were conducted by nongovernment organizations, religious organizations, elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, universities and individual volunteers. The statistical analysis was used descriptive statistics by using SAS 10.2 program. The results of these surveys are summarized as follows: First,a membership of Yeongdo-Gu Volunteering Service Center established in 1997 is 1,277(man 634, woman 643) and its roles are to network with welfare facilities, to enhance the participating rate of citizens, and to educate volunteers and so forth. Second, as a result of individual volunteers survey, the subject of analysis were a total 64 cases of 45(70.3%) male and 19(29.7) female, their occupations are students 32(50.8%), housekeeper 13(20.6%). Third, Volunteers were participating in various fields of volunteer including social welfare, environment, transportation, health, culture and art. Thus operation plans to activate Yeongdo-Gu Volunteer activities are proposed as follows. First, it is necessary for assurance of volunteering resource in community and volunteering network construction for efficiency management. Second, it is also necessary for assurance of training program for volunteer.
편마비 환자의 정상측과 마비측의 비복근 운동점에서의 근육 두께 차이
김동건,도현경,김현동,황지선,정규영,정호중 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.1
Objective : To investigate any difference of muscle thickness in the motor points of the gastrocnemius between the paretic and non-paretic legs in hemiplegics. Method : Ultrasonography was used to assess in vivo the gastrocnemius muscle thickness at the motor points in the paretic and non-paretic legs of twenty-four patients with stroke. Results : Muscle thickness at the motor points were reduced in the paretic legs compared to the non-paretic legs (p<0.05). There was no correlation between muscle thickness and duration of hemiplegia, site of hemiplegia. However, it did not take regular pattern of the muscular atrophy in the paretic legs. Conclusion : The gastrocnemius muscle of the paretic leg had smaller thickness compared with the non-paretic leg. The present results indicate that paresis in hemiplegics may affect the accuracy of intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A. Therefore, we recommend ultrasonography for visually controlled, anatomically precise injection of botulinum toxins.
국제화시대에서의 지방자치단체의 외교활동과 그 법적 문제
김동건,심영규 培材大學校 社會科學硏究所 2006 사회과학연구 Vol.28 No.-
본격적인 국제화시대를 맞아 국가나 중앙정부가 아닌 지방자치단체 차원에서 이루어지는 외교활동이 획기적으로 증대하고 있다. 이러한 지방자치단체의 외교활동은 다양한 형태로 이루어지는 바, 이들 활동은 주로 각 지방자치단체가 외국의 지방자치단체 또는 관계기관과 체결하는 일정한 합의문서를 기초로 행해지고 있다. 그러나 지방자치단체의 국제교류는 지역발전을 추구하고 있다는 점에서 국가이익의 증진을 위한 국가외교활동과는 다소 차원이 다른 것이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 현재 지방자치단체가 다양한 분야에 걸쳐 체결하고 있는 대외합의서는 국제법상 조약도 아니다. 그러므로 오늘날 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 지방자치단체의 외교활동에 대하여 면밀한 검토가 이루어져야 하며, 특히 대외합의서의 체결 등 지방자치단체 스스로 주체적으로 행하는 외교활동에 대하여 새로운 법적 평가가 필요한 시점이다. 지방자치단체가 외국의 관계기관 또는 지방자치단체 등과 체결하는 약정 또는 대외합의서가 국제법상 국제법주체간의 권리ㆍ의무관계를 창설하는 조약이 아님은 분명하다. 비록 조약과 유사한 외관을 가지고 있지만 지방자치단체가 체결하는 대외합의서는 말 그대로 정식의 조약이 아닌 ‘합의서’나 ‘기관간 약정’(agency-to-agency arrangement)으로서의 성격만 인정된다. 이러한 대외합의서는 헌법이나 법령에서 위임한 범위 내 또는 지방자치단체의 고유사무의 범위 내에서만 체결이 가능하다. 따라서 지방자치단체가 약정이나 대외합의서를 체결하는 등 외교활동을 행할 경우 국제법적 관점에서 요구되는 유의사항, 즉 형식, 내용, 절차 등의 측면에서 불필요한 오해나 분쟁을 야기하지 않도록 세심한 주의를 기울여야 할 것이다. 또한 지방자치단체의 외교활동의 법적 의미를 명확히 하고, 그러한 의미 내에서 외교활동이 바람직한 기능을 할 수 있도록 법적 통제 수단을 강구하는 것이 법학의 주요 임무라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 법적인 관점에서 지방자치단체의 외교활동에 대하여 국가적 통제와 지방자치단체 내부에서의 통제가 적절히 가해질 수 있는 통제장치의 마련이 시급히 요구된다고 하겠다. Foreign affairs and relations of local governments have been breathtakingly expanded in this era of globalization. These diplomatic activities of local governments are variously carried out and, in particular, they are mainly based on the documents agreed between a local government and another local government or government agency of foreign countries. International exchange being done by local governments, however, is different from the national diplomacy in that the former focuses on local development but the latter pursues national interests. In addition, most of the written agreements concluded between local governments and the other agencies or local governments of foreign countries are not international treaties under international law. Therefore, it is time that the legal examination and assessment concerning foreign activities of local governments, from a new point of view, are needed. An arrangement or written agreement concluded between a domestic local government and government agencies or local governments of foreign countries is not a treaty because it does not create legal rights and obligations under international law between the subjects of international law. An arrangement or agreement is not a formal treaty but just a ‘written agreement’ or ‘agency-to-agency arrangement.’ The conclusion of those documents should be limited to the extent that constitution or law specifies or of exclusive affairs of local governments. Accordingly, local governments should take full heed of the requirements under international law, such as form, contents, procedures, etc., when they are doing foreign business including conclusion of an arrangement or written agreement, Additionally, a pertinent legal system which can effectively control the local governments’ foreign affairs should be provided.
김창건,강영봉,강동식,강정우 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1993 科學敎育 Vol.10 No.1
The contents and layout of the units on thermodynamics, which appear in seven kind of high school physics textbook, are compared. Characteristics and problems of each textbook are discussed, and suggestions are made on for the future textbook revision. As we analyzed each textbook, firstly, the other of content is edited differently in each textbook, so problems of curriculum, which is being carried out now, appeared. Secondly, the content of thermodynamics unit is edited differently in each textbook, and it is expressed by using macroscopic quantity rather than microscopic quantity. Thirdly, the number of experiments is differ in each textbook, so, it gives rises to confusion in managering curriculum. Fourthly, the edition of textoook, which is memorizing oriented, is the majority, rather than the content which promotescientific thinking and cause motivation.
이동근 대구대학교 인문과학 예술문화연구소 2002 人文科學硏究 Vol.24 No.-
The summary of this thesis is as follows. Because there are literature, history, philosopy in Samguksagi, Samguksagi is the subject of study, and the data of chinese literary style. But it only study on narative literature, historical biography, Taepyeongsong(太平頌), Hwawnggye(花王戒), Euljimundeog(을지문덕)'s chinese poem. Twenty-nine pieces Saron(史論), six pieces Pyo(표), one piece Sangseo(上書), one piece Joseo(詔書), two pieces Gyoseo(敎書), one piece Yoojo(遺詔), three pieces letter, forty-nine pieces historical biography, one piece Hyangrok(行錄), one piece funeral oration, one piece Gye(戒), one piece Song(頌), three pieces chinese poems, one piece song are the object of literary study. With this, Korean literary history will be reinforced.
김동건 培材大學校 社會科學硏究所 2012 사회과학연구 Vol.34 No.1
The word, "Student Juvenile Violence" indicate the violences committed by student and committed to the student in Korea. Student Juvenile Violence is very severe problem in Korea. It led many student to death nowaday in Korea. So the National Assembly in Korea legisㅣated “Prevention and Countermeasure of Student Juvenile Violence Law” This Law aimed to prevent the student juvenile violence and to give the countermeasure for that. But the law have several problems. This article indicate the problems in it and point out the solution for that by revising some provision in it.
Wrestling 競技의 血液成分 變化에 關한 硏究 : 3分2 Round와 5分 1 Round 競技比較
金東建 韓國體育大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.13 No.-
The purpose of the study was to investigate the changes of heart rate and blood components of 1Round in 5minutes and 2Round in 3minutes of wrestling matches. The subjects were to Korean National College of physical Education of Wrestlers(6: free style, 4: GrcoRoman style), athletics carrier in average (free style: 6.2years, grecoroman style: 5.2years). The results were summarized as follows. Heart rate wrer shown 178.8beats/minutes just after 1round in 5minutes more 2 beats than 2rounds in three minutes when free style matches and were shown 184.5 beats/minutes just after 1round in 5minutes more 9beats than 2round in three minutes when greoroman style matches. MCV were slightly increased just after free style matches and were slightly decreased just after grecoroman style matches in accordance with succeeding rounds. The number of RBC wrer slightly increased just after free style matches and were significantly increased just after 1round in 5minutes of grecoroman style matches. The hematocrit and the concentration of hemoglobin were slightly increased because the increa-ssssof number of RBC and MCV changes. The plasma sodium were increased just after matches but Potassium were deceased just after matches.