Effect of Population Reduction on mtDNA Diversity and Demographic History of Korean Cattle Populations

Dadi, Hailu,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Jung, Kyoung-Sup,Choi, Jae-Won,Ko, Moon-Suck,Han, Young-Joon,Kim, Jong-Joo,Kim, Kwan-Suk Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.9

The population sizes of three Korean indigenous cattle populations have been drastically reduced over the past decades. In this study, we examined the extent to which reduction in populations influenced genetic diversity, population structure and demographic history using complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences. The complete mtDNA control region was sequenced in 56 individuals from Korean Black (KB), Jeju Black (JEB) and Korean Brindle (BRI) cattle populations. We included 27 mtDNA sequences of Korean Brown (BRO) from the GenBank database. Haplotype diversity estimate for the total population was high (0.870) while nucleotide diversity was low (0.004). The KB showed considerably low nucleotide (${\pi}$ = 0.001) and haplotype (h = 0.368) diversities. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a low level of genetic differentiation but this was highly significant (p<0.001) among the cattle populations. Of the total genetic diversity, 7.6% was attributable to among cattle populations diversity and the rest (92.4%) to differences within populations. The mismatch distribution analysis and neutrality tests revealed that KB population was in genetic equilibrium or decline. Indeed, unless an appropriate breeding management practice is developed, inbreeding and genetic drift will further impoverish genetic diversity of these cattle populations. Rational breed development and conservation strategy is needed to safeguard these cattle population.

Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections among asymptomatic food handlers working at Haramaya University cafeterias, eastern Ethiopia

Dadi Marami,Konjit Hailu,Moti Tolera 대한직업환경의학회 2018 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are major public health problems worldwide, with high prevalence in low income countries where substandard food hygiene practices are common. Asymptomatic food handlers with poor personal hygiene could be potential sources of parasitic infections. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among asymptomatic food handlers working at Haramaya University cafeterias, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among asymptomatic food handlers working at Haramaya University cafeterias from August 2015 to January 2016. Population proportion to size allocation and systematic random sampling techniques were used to identify the study participants. Stool samples were collected and examined simultaneouly using direct and modified formol ether concentration wet smear techniques. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Logistic regressions were applied to assess association between independent variable and intestinal parasitic infections. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 417 asymptomatic food handlers were enrolled in this study. Of these, females comprised 79.4%. Large proportion (39.3%) of food handlers were in the age group of 31–40 years. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 25.2% (95% CI: 18.3, 29.6). Entamoeba histolytica/ dispar (46.7%) and A. lumbricoides (14.3%) were the most frequent isolates. Having no formal education [AOR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.24, 3.67], monthly income of less than 45.7 USD [AOR: 3.86, 95% CI: 1.62, 9.20], lack of hand washing after the use of the toilet with soap [AOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.22, 4.86] and untrimmed fingernails [AOR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.99, 5.49] have significant association with intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusions: The high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in this study highlights the importance of food handlers as probable sources of parasitic infections. Public health measures and sanitation programs should be strengthened to control the spread of intestinal parasitic infections.

Inter- and intra-population genetic divergence of East Asian cattle populations: focusing on Korean cattle

Dadi, Hailu,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Lee, Seung Soo,Park, Chankyu,Kim, Kwan-Suk Springer-Verlag 2014 Genes & Genomics Vol.36 No.3

In order to facilitate the on-going cattle conservation and improvement programs in Korea, we examined genetic relationships among East Asian cattle, focusing on Korean native cattle, using complete mitochondrial DNA control region sequences. In total, 67 haplotypes were discriminated by 97 variable sites in East Asian cattle. Of the variable sites, 35 represented singleton variable sites and 62 were parsimony informative sites. For Korean cattle, 30 haplotypes were discriminated by 40 variable sites. The variable sites identified in this study correspond to transition or transversion point mutations. Inter-populations genetic distance varied from 0.004 to 0.052 for East Asian cattle populations. The genetic divergence observed between Korean Brown and Jeju Black (0.004) was among the lowest. The Mongolian cattle were slightly divergent from other East Asian cattle populations studied. The network analysis uncovered that Jeju Black and Yunbian samples represented the possible ancestral Haplotype within T3 Bos taurus main lineage. Thus, we hypothesized that the Jeju and Yunbian cattle may represent one of the original native North East Asian cattle in the region.

Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Genotyped by the Illumina Bovine SNP50K in Cattle Focusing on Hanwoo Breed

Dadi, Hailu,Kim, Jong-Joo,Yoon, Du-Hak,Kim, Kwan-Suk Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.1

In the present study, we evaluated the informativeness of SNPs genotyped by the Illumina Bovine SNP50K assay in different cattle breeds. To investigate these on a genome-wide scale, we considered 52,678 SNPs spanning the whole autosomal and X chromosomes in cattle. Our study samples consists of six different cattle breeds. Across the breeds approximately 72 and 6% SNPs were found polymorphic and fixed or close to fix in all the breeds, respectively. The variations in the average minor allele frequency (MAF) were significantly different between the breeds studied. The level of average MAF observed in Hanwoo was significantly lower than the other breeds. Hanwoo breed also displayed the lowest number of polymorphic SNPs across all the chromosomes. More importantly, this study indicated that the Bovine SNP50K assay will have reduced power for genome-wide association studies in Hanwoo as compared to other cattle breeds. Overall, the Bovine SNP50K assay described in this study offer a useful genotyping platform for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in the cattle breeds. The assay data represent a vast and generally untapped resource to assist the investigation of the complex production traits and the development of marker-assisted selection programs.

Identification of Genomic Differences between Hanwoo and Holstein Breeds Using the Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip

Hailu Dadi Melka,전은경,김상욱,James-Bond Han,윤두학,김관석 한국유전체학회 2011 Genomics & informatics Vol.9 No.2

The use of genomic information in genomic selection programs for dairy and beef cattle breeds has become a reality in recent years. In this investigation, we analyzed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for Hanwoo (n=50) and Holstein (n=50) breeds using the Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip to facilitate genomic selection and utilization of the Hanwoo breed in Korea. Analysis of the entire genomes showed different spectra of SNP frequencies for Hanwoo and Holstein cattle. The study revealed a highly significant (p<0.001) difference between Hanwoo and Holstein cattle in minor allele frequency (MAF). The average MAFs were 0.19±0.16 and 0.22±0.16 for Hanwoo and Holstein, respectively. From the total of 52,337 SNPs that were successfully identified,about 72% and 79% were polymorphic in Hanwoos and Holsteins, respectively. Polymorphic and fixed SNPs were not distributed uniformly across the chromosomes within breeds or between the two breeds. The number of fixed SNPs on all chromosomes was higher in Hanwoo cattle, reflecting the genetic uniqueness of the Hanwoo breed. In general, the rate of polymorphisms detected in these two breeds suggests that the SNPs can be used for different applications, such as whole-genome association and comparative genetic studies, and are a helpful tool in developing breed identification genetic markers.

Identification of Genomic Differences between Hanwoo and Holstein Breeds Using the Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip

Melka, Hailu Dadi,Jeon, Eun-Kyeong,Kim, Sang-Wook,Han, James-Bond,Yoon, Du-Hak,Kim, Kwan-Suk Korea Genome Organization 2011 Genomics & informatics Vol.9 No.2

The use of genomic information in genomic selection programs for dairy and beef cattle breeds has become a reality in recent years. In this investigation, we analyzed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for Hanwoo (n=50) and Holstein (n=50) breeds using the Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip to facilitate genomic selection and utilization of the Hanwoo breed in Korea. Analysis of the entire genomes showed different spectra of SNP frequencies for Hanwoo and Holstein cattle. The study revealed a highly significant (p<0.001) difference between Hanwoo and Holstein cattle in minor allele frequency (MAF). The average MAFs were $0.19{\pm}0.16$ and $0.22{\pm}0.16$ for Hanwoo and Holstein, respectively. From the total of 52,337 SNPs that were successfully identified, about 72% and 79% were polymorphic in Hanwoos and Holsteins, respectively. Polymorphic and fixed SNPs were not distributed uniformly across the chromosomes within breeds or between the two breeds. The number of fixed SNPs on all chromosomes was higher in Hanwoo cattle, reflecting the genetic uniqueness of the Hanwoo breed. In general, the rate of polymorphisms detected in these two breeds suggests that the SNPs can be used for different applications, such as whole-genome association and comparative genetic studies, and are a helpful tool in developing breed identification genetic markers.

Improving 3D Shape Retrieval Methods based on Bag-of-Feature Approach by using Local Codebooks

El Wardani Dadi,El Mostafa Daoudi,Claude Tadonki 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.5 No.4

아프리카 주요국의 농업개발전략 : Ethiopia의 농업기술개발 전략

( Seyoum Bediye Dadi ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 한국국제농업개발학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.-

Nonlinear Cyclic Performance Evaluation of Soft Storey RC Frame Buildings Based on Different Characteristics of Reinforcement

Varaha Venkata Satya Surya Kumar Dadi,Pankaj Agarwal 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study is to update the non-linear modeling of soft storey RC frame building for performance based design. The qualitative and quantitative assessment of different strength and ductility parameters of tested building components including the different types of reinforcing steel have been presented. The cyclic performance of tested G+2 soft storey RC frame building of ¼ scale is evaluated and the components test results are applied successfully for performance evaluation of prototype soft storey RC frame buildings under different modes of failure. It indicates that the non-linear characteristics of reinforcement used in different components of building frame have significant influence on the global failure pattern particularly assuring a flexure mode of failure.

PROFITABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF A TOURISM-BASED SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICAL SYSTEM BY BIFURCATION ANALYSIS

Afsharnezhad, Zahra,Dadi, Zohreh,Monfared, Zahra Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회지 Vol.54 No.1

In this paper we study a four dimensional tourism-based social-ecological dynamical system. In fact we analyse tourism profitability, compatibility and sustainability by using bifurcation theory in terms of structural properties of attractors of system. For this purpose first we transformed it into a three dimensional system such that the reduced system is the extended and modified model of the previous three dimensional models suggested for tourism with the same dimension. Then we investigate transcritical, pitchfork and saddle-node bifurcation points of system. And numerically by finding some branches of stable equilibria for system show the profitability of tourism industry. Then by determining the Hopf bifurcation points of system we find a family of stable attractors for that by numerical techniques. Finally we conclude the existence of these stable limit cycles implies profitability and compatibility and then the sustainability of tourism.