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( Sung Bum Cho ),( Jong Sun Rew ),( Sung Young Park ),( Hyeng Chen Park ),( Kyeong Won Yoon ),( Seok Cho ),( Wan Sik Lee ),( Chang Hwan Park ),( Hyen Soo Kim ),( Sung Kyu Choi ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-
Background Aims: Rectal carcinoid has been increasingly detected due to the recent wide use of colonoscopy for routine health examination. Although endoscopic resection should be considered as the treatment for rectal carcinoid, the scar formation after colonoscopic biopsy can lead to unpredicted difficulty in this procedure. This study evaluates the per-procedure findings and treatment results in an attempt to elucidate the effect of scar formation after colonoscopic biopsy in endoscopic resection for rectal carcinoid. Methods: Twelve cases of rectal careinoid with scar formation were compared with 18 non-scar cases, which were treated using the endoscopic resection from January 2002 to August 2007, in terms of the endoscopic findings, resection methods and treatment results. Results: The differences in the clinical findings and tumor size between the scar group and the non-scar group were nonspecific. The average waiting-time between biopsy and resection was shorter (13±16 vs 42±26 ds; p=0.11) in the scar group. During endoscopic resection, small active ulcer was found in 4 scar cases with lesser than 7 days of waiting-time. The risk of limited elevation after submucosal injection was higher (83% vs 44%, p=0.03) in the scar group. In resection methods, ESD was frequently adopted in the scar group (4 cases vs 1 case). The difference in the result of pathologic complete resection between two group were nonspecific. Four patients in the scar group should be admitted (vs 1 case in the non-scar group). Conclusions: ESD technique should be considered in selected cases, because of the postbiopsic scar can block the submucosal elevation in endoscopic resection for rectal carcinoid.
조성범 ( Sung Bum Cho ),박선영 ( Sun Young Park ),윤경원 ( Kyeng Won Yoon ),이석 ( Seok Lee ),이완식 ( Wan Sik Lee ),주영은 ( Young Eun Joo ),김현수 ( Hyen Soo Kim ),최성규 ( Sung Kyu Choi ),유종선 ( Jong Sun Rew ) 대한소화기학회 2009 대한소화기학회지 Vol.53 No.1
목적: 직장 유암종은 대장내시경 확대로 발견이 증가하고 있으며 일차로 내시경 절제를 고려해야 한다. 하지만 진단 내시경 시 조직검사로 인한 병변 변형에 의해 내시경 절제에 어려움을 겪는 경우가 있다. 따라서 조직검사 후 변형이 직장 유암종의 내시경 절제에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 치료에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년부터 2007년까지 직장 유암종으로 내시경 절제술을 시행한 42예를 조사하여 진단 시 조직검사 유무에 따라 조직검사군 22예와 조직검사 미시행군 20예로 분류하였다. 조직검사군과 미시행군 간 유암종 크기, 위치 등 임상 차이는 없었다. 각 군 간 점막하 주입 시 융기 제한, 내시경 제거 방법 차이 및 분할 절제 유무 등을 조사하였다. 결과: 내시경 절제술 시 점막하 주입에 따른 점막 융기 제한을 보인 경우가 조직검사군에서 17예(77%)로 미시행군 9예(45%)에 비해 많았다(p=0.03). 점막 융기 제한에 영향을 미치는 내시경 소견은 조직검사로 인한 종괴의 함몰된 반흔이 관찰된 경우, 조직검사를 한 5 mm 이하의 유암종, 조직검사 후 활동 궤양이 있는 경우였다. 내시경 절제 시 올가미를 이용한 절제술, cap을 이용한 흡인절제술, 고무밴드 결찰 후 절제술에서는 두 군 간 차이가 없으나 내시경점막하박리술을 이용한 경우는 조직검사군 5예로 미시행군 1예에 비해 많았다. 분할절제된 경우는 조직검사군 5예(23%)로 미시행군 2예(10%)에 비해 많았으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 직장 유암종에서 조직검사로 인한 변형은 내시경 절제 시 점막 융기를 저해하는 요인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 내시경 절제 이전 조직검사는 최소한으로 해야 한다. Background/Aims: While endoscopic resection could be considered as the best choice for the treatment of small rectal carcinoid, the colonoscopic biopsies performed at the time of detection may lead to scar and ulcer formation and cause unpredicted difficulty in the endoscopic resection. This study was evaluated to analyze the relationship between the post-biopsy scar and the limitation of submucosal elevation for the endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoids. Methods: Twenty two cases of rectal carcinoid which received prior biopsies before the endoscopic resection were retrospectively compared with 20 non-biopsied cases. All two groups were treated by endoscopic resection from January 2000 to December 2007. There was no difference in the clinical characteristics and endoscopic findings such as size and location between the two groups. Results: The limited submucosal elevation was experienced in 17 cases (77%) in the biopsy group, significantly more frequent than 9 cases (45%) in the non-biopsy group (p=0.03). The colonoscopic findings which contribute to difficult submucosal elevation were the depressive scar formation after biopsy, the size less than 5 mm in the biopsy group, active ulcer formation after biopsy. Regarding the resection method, endoscopic submucosal dissection was frequently adopted (23% vs. 5%) in the biopsy group. The frequency of endoscopic piecemeal resection in biopsy group was higher than non-biopsy group (23% vs 10%), and all cases were subsequently resected by other endoscopic methods. Conculsions: The post-biopsy scar can interfere with successful submucosal elevation for endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoids. The number of forcep biopsy should be minimized in the diagnostic colonoscopy when endoscopic resection is planned rectal carcinoids. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2009;53:36-42)
Cho Hyunji,Kim Sohui,Lee Sung hyen,Park Yongsoon 한국영양학회 2024 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.18 No.1
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Onion, particularly onion peel, is a quercetin-rich food with, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of onion peel extract (OPE) in humans is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether OPE improves natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine concentration in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. SUBJECTS/METHODS Eighty participants aged 19–64 yrs old with a white blood cell count of 4,000–10,000 cells/µL, symptoms of upper respiratory infection at least once within the previous 12 mon, and perceived stress scale (PSS) over 14 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to take either 1,000 mg/day OPE or a placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS Compliance were 87.4 ± 8.6% and 86.9 ± 79.0% in OPE and placebo groups. Compared to the placebo, OPE supplementation improved “Hoarseness” (P = 0.038) of the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 symptom, and stress scores (P = 0.001; 0.021) of PSS. Supplementation of OPE had no significant effect on NK cell activity and concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At baseline, the WURSS-21 symptom and PSS score (P = 0.024; 0.026) were higher in the OPE group than the placebo group. Among participants with higher than median WURSS-21 symptom score, OPE supplementation increased NK cell activity (P = 0.038). Supplementation of OPE had no significant effects on safety measurements and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that OPE supplementation improves NK cell activity in participants with moderate upper respiratory symptoms without any significant adverse effects. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Onion, particularly onion peel, is a quercetin-rich food with, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of onion peel extract (OPE) in humans is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether OPE improves natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine concentration in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. SUBJECTS/METHODS Eighty participants aged 19–64 yrs old with a white blood cell count of 4,000–10,000 cells/µL, symptoms of upper respiratory infection at least once within the previous 12 mon, and perceived stress scale (PSS) over 14 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to take either 1,000 mg/day OPE or a placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS Compliance were 87.4 ± 8.6% and 86.9 ± 79.0% in OPE and placebo groups. Compared to the placebo, OPE supplementation improved “Hoarseness” (P = 0.038) of the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 symptom, and stress scores (P = 0.001; 0.021) of PSS. Supplementation of OPE had no significant effect on NK cell activity and concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At baseline, the WURSS-21 symptom and PSS score (P = 0.024; 0.026) were higher in the OPE group than the placebo group. Among participants with higher than median WURSS-21 symptom score, OPE supplementation increased NK cell activity (P = 0.038). Supplementation of OPE had no significant effects on safety measurements and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that OPE supplementation improves NK cell activity in participants with moderate upper respiratory symptoms without any significant adverse effects.
Minocycline attenuates white matter damage in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
Cho, Kyung-Ok,La, Hyen O.,Cho, Young-Jin,Sung, Ki-Wug,Kim, Seong Y. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2006 Journal of neuroscience research Vol.83 No.2
<P>White matter lesions are thought to result from chronic cerebral ischemia and constitute a core pathology of subcortical vascular dementia. This rarefaction has been known to be associated with microglial activation. We investigated whether minocycline, a microglial inhibitor, attenuates the white matter damage induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion that is used as a model of vascular dementia. Male Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral, permanent occlusion of the common carotid arteries (BCCAO) to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Minocycline or saline was injected daily for 2 weeks after BCCAO. In the corpus callosum and the optic tract, white matter damage observed with Klüver-Barrera staining was significantly attenuated in the minocycline-treated group compared to saline-treated controls. In control rats, immunoreactivities of major basic protein (MBP), Ox-42 as a microglial marker, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 were increased in the corpus callosum. Minocycline significantly reduced these changes. Co-expression of Ox-42 and MMP-2 was confirmed by double immunofluorescence histochemistry. Our results suggest that chronic treatment with minocycline could be protective against at least some ischemic white matter damage, and its mechanism may be related to suppressing microglial activation. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>